scholarly journals Candidemia in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital: species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Graciela Ventura Antunes ◽  
Alessandro Comarú Pasqualotto ◽  
María Cristina Diaz ◽  
Pedro Alves d'Azevedo ◽  
Luiz Carlos Severo
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Dose Dependent

Recent studies have shown differences in the epidemiology of invasive infections caused by Candida species worldwide. In the period comprising August 2002 to August 2003, we performed a study in Santa Casa Complexo Hospitalar, Brazil, to determine Candida species distribution associated with candidemia and their antifungal susceptibility profiles to amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. Antifungal susceptibility was tested according to the broth microdilution method described in the NCCLS (M27A-2 method). Only one sample from each patient was analyzed (the first isolate). Most of the episodes had been caused by species other than C. albicans (51.6%), including C. parapsilosis (25.8%), C. tropicalis (13.3%), C. glabrata (3.3%), C. krusei (1.7%), and others (7.5%). Dose-dependent susceptibility to itraconazole was observed in 14.2% of strains, and dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole was found in 1.6%. Antifungal resistance was not found, probably related to low use of fluconazole. Further epidemiological surveillance is needed.

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates: A Comparison in H.I.V. Positive and Negative Patients from A Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvez Anwar Khan ◽  
Nazish Fatima ◽  
Haris Manzoor Khan ◽  
Midhat Ali Khan ◽  
Asim Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Fluconazole Resistance ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Candidiasis is recognized as a significant cause of morbidity, especially in immunocompromised individuals. An epidemiologic change in Candida species and emergence of resistance can impact the usage of antifungal agents as empirical therapy for Candidiasis in patients with or without AIDS. The present study was done to find out: i) The species of Candida isolated from H.I.V. and Non-HIV infected patients. ii) The resistance pattern of these Candida isolates to antifungal agents. A total of 160 Candida species isolates (80 isolates each from H.I.V. and Non-HIV infected patients) were characterized. Identification of yeast isolates was made by standard procedures including morphology (Staib agar, cornmeal agar, CHROMagar), germ tube test, fermentation, and assimilation of sugars and growth at 42°C. In addition, sensitivity testing was done using the broth microdilution method (M27-A2) as per the C.L.S.I. guidelines against amphotericin B, nystatin, voriconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, and itraconazole. In both the groups, i.e., H.I.V. and Non-HIV infected patients, Candida albicans was the most common species (61.2 % and 85 % respectively), followed by Candida guilliermondi (16.2 % and 5 %), Candida tropicalis (5 % and 3.7 %), Candida krusei (5% and 2.5 %), Candida dubliniensis 1(5 % and 1.2 %) and others. Among HIV infected patients fluconazole resistance was 16.25%, ketoconazole 13.5%, clotrimazole 12.5%, itraconazole 6.25 %. In the non-HIV infected group, fluconazole resistance was 8.75% and itraconazole 1.25%. For the appropriate treatment of Candida infections, antifungal susceptibility has become an essential tool, especially in the present scenario of increasing resistance.

scholarly journals Species Distribution, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Molecular Epidemiology of Candida Species Causing Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Siriphan Boonsilp ◽  
Anchalee Homkaew ◽  
Uraporn Phumisantiphong ◽  
Daranee Nutalai ◽  
Thanwa Wongsuk
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prevalent Species

Candida species represent a common cause of bloodstream infection (BSI). Given the emergence of non-albicans Candida (NAC) associated with treatment failure, investigations into the species distribution, fungal susceptibility profile, and molecular epidemiology of pathogens are necessary to optimize the treatment of candidemia and explore the transmission of drug resistance for control management. This study evaluated the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility, and molecular characteristics of Candida species causing BSI in a tertiary-level hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. In total, 54 Candida isolates were recovered from 49 patients with candidemia. C. tropicalis was the most prevalent species (33.3%), followed by C. albicans (29.6%). Most Candida species were susceptible to various antifungal agents, excluding C. glabrata and C. tropicalis, which had increased rates of non-susceptibility to azoles. Most C. glabrata isolates were non-susceptible to echinocandins, especially caspofungin. The population structure of C. albicans was highly diverse, with clade 17 predominance. GoeBURST analysis of C. tropicalis revealed associations between genotype and fluconazole resistance in a particular clonal complex. The population structure of C. glabrata appeared to have a low level of genetic diversity in MLST loci. Collectively, these data might provide a fundamental database contributing to the development of novel antifungal agents and diagnostic tests.

scholarly journals Isolation, identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida in patients with fungal sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2542
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Wani ◽  
Mohd Rafiq Lone ◽  
Najmus Saqib
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Background: In this study, our aim was to identify and isolate Candida species from patients admitted in ICU,s of our hospital and to determine their susceptibilities to various antifungal agents so as to find the local resistance pattern and guide for empirical treatment.Methods: In our study 37 strains of candida were isolated (4 Candida albicans, 33 Non-albicans Candida strains). Candida species were identified by conventional, biochemical and molecular methods. Antifungal susceptibility tests for amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole were performed with broth microdilution method and E- tests as described by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS).Results: Out of 37 Candida strains, the most prevalent species were C. tropicalis (43.2%), C. parapsilosis (24.3%), C. krusei (16.2%), C. albicans (10.8%), and C. glabrata (2.7%). Among all strains four strains (10.8 %) were resistant, two Candida albicans where found resistant to fluconazole one Candida krusei and one Candida parapsilosis were found to be resistant to all azoles.Conclusions: Candidemia continues to be associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and non albicans Candida species are the commonly isolated pathogen from those patients admitted in tertiary care hospitals in Indian scenario. Thus, it is imperative to perform antifungal susceptibility to select appropriate and effective antifungal therapy.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF Candida SPECIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN TRIANGULO MINEIRO, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralciane de Paula MENEZES ◽  
Joseane Cristina FERREIRA ◽  
Walkiria Machado de SÁ ◽  
Tomaz de Aquino MOREIRA ◽  
Lucivânia Duarte Silva MALVINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Infections by Candida species are a high-impact problem in public health due to their wide incidence in hospitalized patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate frequency, susceptibility to antifungals, and genetic polymorphism of Candida species isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients. The Candida isolates included in this study were obtained from blood cultures, abdominal fluids, and central venous catheters (CVC) of hospitalized patients at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia during the period of July 2010 - June 2011. Susceptibility tests were conducted by the broth microdilution method. The RAPD-PCR tests used employed initiator oligonucleotides OPA09, OPB11, and OPE06. Of the 63 Candida isolates, 18 (28.5%) were C. albicans, 20 (31.7%) were C. parapsilosis complex species, 14 (22.2%) C. tropicalis, four (6.4%) C. glabrata, four (6.4%) C. krusei, two (3.3%) C. kefyr, and one (1.6%) C. lusitaniae. In vitro resistance to amphotericin B was observed in 12.7% of isolates. In vitro resistance to azoles was not detected, except for C. krusei. The two primers, OPA09 and OPB11, were able to distinguish different species. Isolates of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species presented six and five clusters, respectively, with the OPA09 marker by RAPD-PCR, showing the genetic variability of the isolates of those species. It was concluded that members of the C. parapsilosis complex were the most frequent species found, and most isolates were susceptible to the antifungals amphotericin B, flucozanole, and itraconazole. High genetic polymorphisms were observed for isolates of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species, mainly with the OPA09 marker.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Species Distribution, Antifungal Susceptibility and Outcome of Nosocomial Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Italy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e24198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Bassetti ◽  
Lucia Taramasso ◽  
Elena Nicco ◽  
Maria Pia Molinari ◽  
Michele Mussap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Epidemiology of bloodstream Candida species in a Spanish tertiary care hospital as a guide for implementation of T2MR (T2CANDIDA®) for rapid diagnosis of candidemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Falces-Romero ◽  
María Pilar Romero-Gómez ◽  
Francisco Moreno-Ramos ◽  
Jesús Mingorance ◽  
Julio García-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the epidemiology of candidemia in our hospital in order to determine whether the T2MR system might be a useful tool for early diagnosis of candidemia in selected units. We perform a retrospective review of all candidemia episodes registered in the last 12 years in selected units of our hospital in adult and pediatric patients. Candida species and antifungal susceptibility patterns were registered. A total of 686 isolates were registered, of which 625 were infections due to the five most common species of Candida. C. albicans (45.6%) and C. parapsilosis (33.1%) were the predominant species found in our institution. In adults these species were closely followed by C. glabrata (12–21%) in all units. While in pediatric medical and intensive care units (PICU), these species were followed by other uncommon yeasts. Resistance rates to triazoles were low in C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. In C. glabrata and C. tropicalis the resistance rates to fluconazole ranged from 10.86 to 6.67%. Resistance rates for echinocandins were very low and all strains were susceptible to amphotericin B. T2Candida® might be useful to guide antifungal targeted treatment and discontinuation of antifungal empirical treatment in those units where the five most common Candida species represent more than the ninety percent of the isolates. The selection of medical and surgical units should be based on local epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility patterns. Incidence should be taken into account in order to make clinical decisions based on negative results. Lay Abstract T2Candida® might be useful selectively in clinical units according to their local epidemiology, antifungal resistance patterns, and incidence of candidemia. It optimizes the clinical value of positive results supporting decisions about targeted therapies or discontinuations based on negative results.

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