scholarly journals Dysproteinaemia in the differential diagnosis of kala-azar

1981 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Pamela Lane Moriearty ◽  
Rodolfo dos Santos Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Positive Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
G Ratio

Serum protein abnormalities were examined in six kala-azar (KA) patients, six controls with positive immunofluorescence tests with Leishmania donovani antigens, and six seronegative controls. KA patients were clearly distinguishable from controls by several parameters, including A/G ratio, albumin and globulin levels, IgM and IgG titers, and positive rheumatoid factor (RF) tests. A positive relationship was noted between RF titers and serum levels of IgM. The diagnostic value and possibel pathologic significance of serum abnormalities in KA is discussed.

Rapid Multiplex Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (m-LAMP) Assay for Differential Diagnosis of Leprosy and Post–Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Joshi ◽  
Keerti K. Dixit ◽  
Vanila Sharma ◽  
V. Ramesh ◽  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Endemic Areas

Leprosy and post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) are co-endemic neglected tropical diseases often misdiagnosed because of close resemblance in their clinical manifestations. The test that aids in differential diagnosis of leprosy and PKDL would be useful in endemic areas. Here, we report development of a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (m-LAMP) assay for differential detection of Mycobacterium leprae and Leishmania donovani using a real-time fluorometer. The m-LAMP assay was rapid with a mean amplification time of 15 minutes, and analytical sensitivity of 1 fg for L. donovani and 100 fg for M. leprae. The distinct mean Tm values for M. leprae and L. donovani allowed differentiation of the two organisms in the m-LAMP assay. Diagnostic sensitivity of the assay was evaluated by using confirmed cases of leprosy (n = 40) and PKDL (n = 40) (tissue and slit aspirate samples). All the leprosy and PKDL samples used in this study were positive by organism-specific QPCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. The diagnostic sensitivity of the m-LAMP assay was 100% (95% CI: 91.2–100.0%) for detecting PKDL and 95% for leprosy (95% CI: 83.1–99.4%). Our m-LAMP assay was successfully used to detect both M. leprae and L. donovani in a patient coinfected with leprosy and macular PKDL. The m-LAMP assay is rapid, accurate, and applicable for differential diagnosis of leprosy versus PKDL, especially in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairul Anam ◽  
Farhat Afrin ◽  
Dwijadas Banerjee ◽  
Netai Pramanik ◽  
Subhasis K. Guha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Igg Subclasses ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg

ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity), IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG = IgG1 = IgG3 = IgG4 > IgG2 > IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM = IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals The differential diagnostic value of selected cardiovascular biomarkers in Takotsubo syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Topf ◽  
Moritz Mirna ◽  
Vera Paar ◽  
Lukas J. Motloch ◽  
Janine Grueninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
High Bleeding Risk

Abstract Introduction Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is clinically indistinguishable from an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In the absence of valid markers for differential diagnosis, coronary angiography has been indispensable. Methods In our study, we evaluated the serum levels of sST-2, GDF-15, suPAR and H-FABP in 92 patients with the suspicion of TTS (51 TTS and 41 ACS patients) and 40 gender matched controls (no coronary artery disease or signs of heart failure) at baseline. Results H-FABP was significantly higher in ACS patients compared to TTS patients. Even in in propensity score matching for left ventricular ejection fraction, sex and cardiovascular risk factors, differences in the plasma levels of H-FABP in the matched cohort of TTS vs ACS remained statistically significant. Whereas, sST-2 was significantly elevated in TTS patients. H-FABP was superior for prediction of an ACS with even higher accuracy than hs troponin in differential diagnosis (AUC 0.797, p ≤ 0.0001); the optimal cut off for discrimination towards a TTS was calculated as 2.93 ng/ml (sensitivity 70.0%, specificity 82.4%, PPV 75.7%, NPV 77.4%). sST-2 seemed most appropriate for identification of a TTS (AUC 0.653, p = 0.012). The optimal cut off for differential diagnosis was 11018.06 pg/ml (sensitivity 82.0%, specificity 51.2%, PPV 69.4%, NPV 71.9 %). Conclusion H-FABP and sST-2 are the most promising markers with better accuracy than preexisting biomarkers in differential diagnosis in our study and therefore, could be crucial for the guidance of treatment in patients with high bleeding risk, advanced renal failure or multimorbidity. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Vaginal Microecology, Serum miR-18a, and PD-L1 for Identifying HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382199528
Author(s):  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Sujuan Qiu ◽  
Yueli Guo ◽  
Jiaqin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Programmed Death

Objective: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the vaginal microecology, serum miR-18a, and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) for human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cervical cancer. Methods: Eighty-four patients with HPV-positive cervical cancer were assigned to the observation group, 107 HPV-positive patients without cervical cancer were assigned to the positive group, and 191 healthy women were assigned to the control group. Vaginal microecology and serum levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were compared among the 3 groups. The observation group was further divided into subgroups according to patients’ characteristics for comparison. The diagnostic value of miR-18a and PD-L1 for HPV-positive cervical cancer was investigated. Results: Women in the control group had better vaginal microecology and lower levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 than those in the observation and the positive groups (all P < 0.05). Compared with the positive group, the observation group had similar vaginal microecology (all P > 0.05) but higher levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the patients at stage III had higher levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 than those at stage I and II (all P < 0.05). The values of area under the curve for miR-18a and PD-L1 in the diagnosis of HPV-positive cervical cancer were over 0.8 (all P < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with HPV-positive cervical cancer have vaginal microbial dysbiosis and high serum levels of miR-18a and PD-L1. miR-18a and PD-L1 have diagnostic value for identifying HPV-positive cervical cancer.

An In-depth Proteomic Map of Leishmania donovani Isolate from Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) Patient

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmayee Bar Routaray ◽  
Avishek Kumar ◽  
Shyam Sundar ◽  
Gajanan Sathe ◽  
Harsh Pawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Proteomic Map

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of diffusion weighted MRI and ADC in differential diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the liver

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Tokgoz ◽  
Ebru Unlu ◽  
Ilker Unal ◽  
Ismail Serifoglu ◽  
Ilker Oz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cavernous Hemangioma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted
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