scholarly journals Phosphorus availability in oxidic soils treated with lime and silicate applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline da Silva Sandim ◽  
Leonardo Theodoro Büll ◽  
Ariane Reis Furim ◽  
Géssica da Silva Lima ◽  
Jader Luis Nantes Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
P Desorption

Based on the assumption that silicate application can raise soil P availability for crops, the aim of this research was to compare the effect of silicate application on soil P desorption with that of liming, in evaluations based on two extractors and plant growth. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks with four replications, in a 3 × 3 × 5 factorial design, in which three soil types, three P rates, and four soil acidity correctives were evaluated in 180 experimental plots. Trials were performed in a greenhouse using corn plants in 20-dm³ pots. Three P rates (0, 50 and 150 mg dm-3) were applied in the form of powder triple superphosphate and the soil was incubated for 90 days. After this period, soil samples were collected for routine chemical analysis and P content determination by the extraction methods resin, Mehlich-1 and remaining P. Based on the results, acidity correctives were applied at rates calculated for base saturation increased to 70 %, with subsequent incubation for 60 more days, when P content was determined again. The acidity correctives consisted of: dolomitic lime, steelmaking slag, ladle furnace slag, and wollastonite. Therefore, our results showed that slags raised the soil P content more than lime, suggesting a positive correlation between P and Si in soil. Silicon did not affect the extractor choice since both Mehlich-1 and resin had the same behavior regarding extracted P when silicon was applied to the soil. For all evaluated plant parameters, there was significant interaction between P rates and correctives; highest values were obtained with silicate.

scholarly journals Modifications of phosphorus in Latosol as a function of humic acids and acidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia H. Beck ◽  
Pedro A. V. Escosteguy ◽  
Deborah P. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Content

ABSTRACT The effect of humic acids (HA) on phosphorus (P) availability is still contradictory; thus, it is necessary to identify the conditions that play a crucial role in this effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HA application, combined with doses of P, on the content of this nutrient in a Latosol with and without acidity correction. Two experiments were carried out, one with HA from peat and another with HA from mineral charcoal (leonardite). Doses of these acids (0; 1.12 and 5.62 mg C g-1 of soil) and P (26.2 and 104.7 mg P g-1 of soil, 1 and 4-fold higher than recommended, respectively) were tested at soil pH 4.5 and 7.0, in a three-factorial design. The soil was incubated for 20 days and the soil-P content was measured by Mehlich-1 and remaining-P tests. The effect of HAs on P availability varied with the P doses and soil acidity. Humic acids application increases P content in Latosol when P dose is higher than recommended and there is no acidity correction (pH 4.5). However, there is no effect of HAs application on soil-P content when applying the recommended amount of this nutrient, irrespective of the pH value.

scholarly journals Phosphorus extracted by ion exchange resins and mehlich-1 from oxisols (latosols) treated with different phosphorus rates and sources for varied soil-source contact periods

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irio Fernando de Freitas ◽  
Roberto Ferreira Novais ◽  
Ecila Mercês de Albuquerque Villani ◽  
Sarah Vieira Novais
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Available P ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Reactive Phosphate ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
P Sources

Despite the large number of studies addressing the quantification of phosphorus (P) availability by different extraction methods, many questions remain unanswered. The aim of this paper was to compare the effectiveness of the extractors Mehlich-1, Anionic Resin (AR) and Mixed Resin (MR), to determine the availability of P under different experimental conditions. The laboratory study was arranged in randomized blocks in a [(3 x 3 x 2) + 3] x 4 factorial design, with four replications, testing the response of three soils with different texture: a very clayey Red Latosol (LV), a sandy clay loam Red Yellow Latosol (LVA), and a sandy loam Yellow Latosol (LA), to three sources (triple superphosphate, reactive phosphate rock from Gafsa-Tunisia; and natural phosphate from Araxá-Minas Gerais) at two P rates (75 and 150 mg dm-3), plus three control treatments (each soil without P application) after four contact periods (15, 30, 60, and 120 days) of the P sources with soil. The soil acidity of LV and LVA was adjusted by raising base saturation to 60 % with the application of CaCO3 and MgCO3 at a 4:1 molar ratio (LA required no correction). These samples were maintained at field moisture capacity for 30 days. After the contact periods, the samples were collected to quantify the available P concentrations by the three extractants. In general, all three indicated that the available P-content in soils was reduced after longer contact periods with the P sources. Of the three sources, this reduction was most pronounced for triple superphosphate, intermediate for reactive phosphate, while Araxá phosphate was least sensitive to the effect of time. It was observed that AR extracted lower P levels from all three soils when the sources were phosphate rocks, while MR extracted values close to Mehlich-1 in LV (clay) and LVA (medium texture) for reactive phosphate. For Araxá phosphate, much higher P values were determined by Mehlich-1 than by the resins, because of the acidity of the extractor. For triple superphosphate, both resins extracted higher P levels than Mehlich-1, due to the consumption of this extractor, particularly when used for LV and LVA.

Dynamics of phosphorus fractions in soils treated with dairy manure

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
L. B. Braos ◽  
A. C. T. Bettiol ◽  
L. G. Di Santo ◽  
M. E. Ferreira ◽  
M. C. P. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions

The evaluation of phosphorus (P) transformations in soil after application of manure or mineral P can improve soil management and optimise P use by plants. The objectives of the present study were to assess organic and inorganic P forms in two soils treated with dairy manure and triple superphosphate and to establish relationships between soil P fraction levels and P availability. Soil organic and inorganic P fractions were quantified using a pot experiment with two soils, a typical Hapludox and an arenic Hapludult, with three types of fertiliser treatments applied (no fertiliser application, application of dairy manure, and application of triple superphosphate, by adding 100 mg P dm–3 in the form of fertiliser in the two latter treatments) and four incubation times (15, 45, 90, and 180 days). Inorganic P was fractionated into aluminium-bound, iron-bound, occluded, and calcium-bound P. Organic P was extracted sequentially using sodium bicarbonate, hydrochloric acid, microbial biomass, sodium hydroxide, and residual organic P. After incubation, maize plants were cropped to quantify dry matter yield and absorbed P. Application of dairy manure resulted in a significant increase in most of the organic P fractions, and application of triple superphosphate led to a significant increase in inorganic P fractions. Both fertilisers raised labile organic P fractions in the two soils. The major sinks of P in Hapludox were occluded and fulvic acid-associated P. In contrast, the major sink of P in Hapludult was iron-bound P. The available P levels were stable after application of dairy manure, and decreased with time when fertilised with triple superphosphate. In the Hapludox, the organic P fractions had a significant positive correlation with P uptake by plants. The results suggest that organic P mineralisation plays a more significant role in plant P uptake in the Hapludox soil and inorganic P forms are the main contributors to plant P uptake in the Hapludult soil.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF GENOTYPE, SEED P CONCENTRATION AND SEED PRIMING ON SEEDLING VIGOR OF RICE

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNY RUTH PAME ◽  
CHRISTINE KREYE ◽  
DAVID JOHNSON ◽  
SIGRID HEUER ◽  
MATHIAS BECKER
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
P Content

SUMMARYSeedling vigor is important to help ensure good crop establishment. In direct-seeded rice, this is particularly relevant when soil conditions are marginal. In Asia, about one third of the area of rainfed rice is situated on unfavorable soils, many of which are low in plant available P. In such environments, as farmers tend to have few resources, options to overcome poor crop establishment should be low cost and preferably seed-based. The P content of seed depends on genotype and can be augmented by soaking seeds in a P-containing solution prior to seeding (P-priming). In addition, the presence of the Pup1 quantitative trait locus can reportedly confer tolerance to low soil P availability. We tested combinations of seed priming (unprimed control, water priming, P-priming), and inherent seed P concentrations in contrasting rice genotypes (DJ123, Sadri Tor Misri), and two near isogenic sister lines of IR74 with (+Pup1) and without (−Pup1) the Pup1 QTL. Treatment effects on germination were studied in Petri dishes, while seedling growth and P accumulation were assessed using pots with P deficient soil. Germination was less than 75% in seeds with low seed P content. Seed priming with both water and P enhanced germination and seedling growth. In plants growing from high P seeds, water priming outperformed P-priming. In Sadri Tor Misri with low seed P, we observed a tendency for better performance in some parameters when P-primed. While the presence of the Pup1 QTL in IR74 increased shoot biomass and total root length, these effects could be further enhanced by water priming. Combining genetic and seed management approaches may contribute to improved rice establishment in P deficient soils but its effectiveness depends on genotype and seed attributes.

scholarly journals Soil Phosphorus and Corn Development Under Application of Phosphate Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Paulo Fernandes Boldrin ◽  
Ana Carollina Pereira dos Reis ◽  
Vinícius de Mello Benites ◽  
Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares ◽  
June Faria Scherrer Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Soil P ◽  
History Of ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
P Sources

Knowledge of the solubility of phosphate fertilizers is fundamental for phosphorus (P) recommendation management and for choosing the laboratory evaluation method of nutrient availability in the soil according to the history of fertilization. The aim was to evaluate the initial development of corn plants as a function of the application of triple superphosphate (TSP) and natural phosphate of Arraias (NPA) with and without liming and incubation time, as well as to evaluate the available P in the soil with the use the extractors Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3. An experiment was installed in an 8 × 3 × 2 factorial scheme, being 8 fertilizer incubation times (180, 140, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 0 day(s) before planting), 3 P sources (control—without P, TSP and NPA) and 2 refers to the application of limestone (with and without limestone). Were evaluated the shoot and root dry matter, analysis of P, Ca, Mg, and Zn in shoot and P in roots. In the soil, P levels were determined by Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3 extractors. There was a greater accumulation of P with the application of TSP with limestone in all incubation times. The application of the NPA allowed a greater accumulation of P in the plants without the application of lime. The previous incubation of the NPA did not favor the efficiency of this source, neither in the soil with corrected acidity nor in the soil with its original acidity. Mehlich-3 proved to be adequate to determine the phosphorus content in soil fertilized by NPA.

scholarly journals Adding Intercropping Maize and Faba Bean Root Residues Increases Phosphorus Bioavailability in a Calcareous Soil Due to Organic Phosphorus Mineralization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liao ◽  
Chaochun Zhang ◽  
Hans Lambers ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Bean Root ◽  
P Content ◽  
Microbial Biomass P

Abstract Background and aims Root residues are an important factor influencing soil phosphorus (P) availability for crop uptake, but how the residues from different species combinations in sole cropping or intercropping systems affect soil P pools remains unclear. Methods Maize and faba bean were planted as either sole crops or intercrops in a P-deficient calcareous soil with and without addition of corresponding previous crop (pre-crop) roots. This was repeated in three cultivations cycles in a greenhouse experiment. Plants sampled in each experiment were analyzed for biomass and P content, and soils sampled from all treatments in the last cultivation were analyzed for soil characteristics. Results Addition of a mixture of intercrop root residues increased biomass, total P content, microbial biomass P concentration and soil acid phosphatase activity, compared with addition of root residues of a single crop. The Hedley soil P fractions from three continuous cultivation cycles differed, depending on root residue source. The sole maize root residue with high C/P ratio caused a considerable depletion of inorganic P (NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and 1 M HCl-Pi), and the sole faba bean root residue with lower C/P ratio caused a large depletion in Resin-P and NaHCO3-Po fractions, and the root residue of intercrops with a medium C/P ratio depleted more of the NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po fractions. However, without root residues, sole faba bean depleted more of the Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and NaHCO3-Po fractions than the other two cropping systems did because of its higher P content. Conclusions Adding root residues of mixed species accelerated soil organic P mineralization (NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po) by increasing microbial biomass P concentrations and acid phosphatase activities, and thus enhanced the intercropping advantage in terms of biomass and P content in a P-deficient soil.

scholarly journals Ratio and rate effects of 32P-triple superphosphate and phosphate rock mixtures on corn growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Ide Franzini ◽  
Takashi Muraoka ◽  
Fernanda Latanze Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Water Soluble P ◽  
P Rate ◽  
P Utilization ◽  
P Recovery ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Corn Plants

The availability of phosphorus (P) from " Patos de Minas" phosphate rock (PR) can be improved if it is applied mixed with a water-soluble P source. The objective of this study was to evaluate 32P as a tracer to quantify the effect of the ratio of mixtures of triple superphosphate (TSP) with PR and the rates of application on P availability from PR. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse utilizing corn (Zea mays L.) plants as test crop. In the first experiment, the P sources were applied at the rate of 90 mg P kg-1 soil either separately or as compacted mixtures in several TSP:PR ratios (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 calculated on the basis of the total P content). In the second experiment, the TSP was applied alone or as 50:50 compacted mixtures with PR applied at four P rates (15, 30, 60 and 90 mg P kg-1) while the sole PR treatment was applied at the 90 mg kg-1 P rate . The mixture of PR with TSP improved the P recovery from PR in the corn plant and this effect increased proportionally to the TSP amounts in the mixture. When compared with the plant P recovery from TSP (10.52%), PR-P recovery (2.57%) was much lower even when mixed together in the ratio of 80% TSP: 20% PR. There was no difference in PR-P utilization by the corn plants with increasing P rates in the mixture (1:1 proportion). Therefore, PR-P availability is affected by the proportions of the mixtures with water soluble P, but not by P rates.

scholarly journals Soil and Plant Responses to Phosphorus Inputs from Different Phytase-Associated Animal Diets

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Dario Fornara ◽  
Elizabeth M. E. Ball ◽  
Christina Mulvenna ◽  
Henry Reyer ◽  
Michael Oster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
P Content

The over-supplementation of animal feeds with phosphorus (P) within livestock-production systems leads to high rates of P excretion and thus to high P loads and losses, which negatively impact the natural environment. The addition of phytase to pig and poultry diets can contribute to reducing P excretion; however, cascading effects of phytase on plant–soil systems remain poorly understood. Here, we addressed how three different diets containing various levels of exogenous phytase, i.e., (1) no-phytase, (2) phytase (250 FTU), and (3) superdose phytase (500 FTU) for pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) and broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus) might affect P dynamics in two different plant–soil systems including comfrey (Symphytum ×uplandicum) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne). We found that differences in phytase supplementation significantly influenced total P content (%) of broiler litter and also pig slurry (although not significantly) as a result of dietary P content. P Use Efficiency (PUE) of comfrey and ryegrass plants was significantly higher under the intermediate ‘phytase’ dose (i.e., commercial dose of 250 FTU) when compared to ‘no-phytase’ and ‘superdose phytase’ associated with pig slurry additions. Soil P availability (i.e., water soluble P, WSP) in both comfrey and ryegrass mesocosms significantly decreased under the intermediate ‘phytase’ treatment following pig slurry additions. Dietary P content effects on P losses from soils (i.e., P leaching) were variable and driven by the type of organic amendment. Our study shows how commercial phytase levels together with higher dietary P contents in pig diets contributed to increase PUE and decrease WSP thus making the plant–soil system more P conservative (i.e., lower risks of P losses). Our evidence is that dietary effects on plant–soil P dynamics are driven by the availability of P forms (for plant uptake) in animal excretes and the type of organic amendment (pig vs. broiler) rather than plant species identity (comfrey vs. ryegrass).

scholarly journals Effect of biochar addition on legacy phosphorus availability in long-term cultivated arid soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled D. Alotaibi ◽  
Melissa Arcand ◽  
Noura Ziadi
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Arid Soil ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
P Content ◽  
Labile P

Abstract Background Continuous application of phosphorus (P) nutrient in association with its low recovery results in large amounts of P being accumulated in soil in different forms. Use of biochar can be a possible means to mobilize soil legacy P and increase its bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the potential impact of a range of biochar types on P fractions in a long-term cultivated arid soil with high legacy P content. Methodology The soil was treated with biochar produced from four feedstock sources (BFS): sewage sludge (SSB), olive mill pomace (OPB), chicken manure (CMB), and date palm residues (DRB) pyrolyzed at 300, 500, or 700 °C in addition to an untreated control. The soil biochar mixture was incubated for 1 month followed by soil P fractionations using sequential chemical extraction to separate soil P into: labile (Resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po), moderately labile (NaOH-Pi, NaOH-Po), and non-labile (HCl-Pi and Residual-P) pools. Results Biochar addition clearly influenced most of the soil P fractions; however, the extent of this effect greatly varied depending on BFS and pyrolysis temperature (PT). The most evident biochar impact was observed with labile P pool, with the greatest increase being observed in NaHCO3-Pi fraction in most biochar treatments. Irrespective of PT, SSB and CMB were the most effective biochar type in increasing labile inorganic P; the SSB and CMB increased Resin-Pi by 77 and 206% and NaHCO3-Pi by 200 and 188%, respectively. In contrast, DRB made no changes in any P fraction. Differences in effects of biochar types on labile P is presumably related to the higher content of P in biowaste-based biochar compared to plant-based biochar which have much lower P content. The SSB, CMB, and OPB produced at low temperature reduced HCl-Pi content, indicating that these biochars may have stimulated organic matter decomposition and thereby dissolution of non-labile Ca-associated P to labile P forms. Conclusion Overall, biochar addition appeared to be an effective approach in enhancing legacy P availability in arid soil. However, further studies are necessary to verify these findings in the presence of plant and for a longer period. Graphic abstract

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