scholarly journals Impact of increasing mean air temperature on the development of rice and red rice

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1441-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Lago ◽  
Nereu Augusto Streck ◽  
Cleber Maus Alberto ◽  
Felipe Brendler Oliveira ◽  
Gizelli Moiano de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Nonlinear Simulation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Santa Maria

The objective of this study was to assess the development response of cultivated rice and red rice to different increases in minimum and maximum daily air temperatures, in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. One hundred years climate scenarios of temperatures 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, and +5ºC, with symmetric and asymmetric increases in minimum and maximum daily air temperatures were created, using the LARS-WG Weather Generator, and a 1969-2003 database. Nine cultivated rice genotypes (IRGA 421, IRGA 416, IRGA 417, IRGA 420, BRS 7 TAIM, BR-IRGA 409, EPAGRI 109, EEA 406 and a hybrid), and two red rice biotypes (awned black hull-ABHRR, and awned yellow hull-AYHRR) were used. The dates of panicle differentiation (R1), anthesis (R4), and all grains with brown hulls (R9) were estimated with a nonlinear simulation model. Overall, the duration of the emergence-R1 phase decreased, whereas the duration of the R1-R4 and R4-R9 phases most often increased, as temperature increased in the climate change scenarios. The simulated rice development response to elevated temperature was not the same, when the increase in minimum and maximum temperature was symmetric or asymmetric.

scholarly journals Leaf development of cultivated rice and weedy red rice under elevated temperature scenarios

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nereu A. Streck ◽  
Lilian O. Uhlmann ◽  
Luana F. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

The objective of this study was to simulate leaf development of cultivated rice genotypes and weedy red rice biotypes in climate change scenarios at Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. A leaf appearance (LAR) model adapted for rice was used to simulate the accumulated leaf number, represented by the Haun Stage, from crop emergence to flag leaf appearance (EM-FL). Three cultivated rice genotypes and two weedy red rice biotypes in six emergence dates were used. The LAR model was run for each emergence date using 100 years of synthetic daily weather data and six climate scenarios, including current, +1, +2, +3, +4 and +5 ºC increase in mean air temperature, with symmetric and asymmetric increase in daily minimum and maximum temperature. The increase in air temperature scenarios decreased the duration of the EM-FL phase in the earlier emergence dates (08/20, 09/20, 10/20) whereas in mid (11/20) and late emergence dates (12/20 and 01/20) the longest EM-FL phase was in the symmetric +5 ºC scenario and the shortest duration was in the asymmetric +3 and +4 ºC scenarios. The timing of the onset of flooding irrigation and nitrogen dressing may be altered if global warming takes place and weedy red rice has a potential to enhance its competitiveness with cultivated rice in future climates.

scholarly journals Relationship between panicle differentiation and main stem leaf number in rice genotypes and red rice biotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nereu Augusto Streck ◽  
Isabel Lago ◽  
Leosane Cristina Bosco ◽  
Gizelli Moiano de Paula ◽  
Felipe Brendler Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Panicle differentiation (DP) is a key developmental stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) because at this stage plant switches from vegetative to reproductive development and source-sink relation changes to allocate part of the photoassimilates for growing spikelets and kernels. The objective of this study was to determine the main stem Haun Stage (HS) and the number of leaves that still have to emerge until flag leaf at PD in several cultivated rice genotypes and red rice biotypes in different sowing dates. A two-year field experiment was conducted in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 growing seasons, and three sowing dates each year. Nine cultivated rice genotypes and two red rice biotypes were used. PD was identified as the R1 stage of the COUNCE scale, by sampling four plants from each genotype on a daily basis. When 50% of the sampled plants were at R1, the main stem HS was measured in 20 plants per genotype. The main stem final leaf number (FLN) was measured in these 20 plants when the collar of the flag leaf was visible. HS at PD is related to FLN in many cultivated rice genotypes and red rice biotypes, and that at PD, the number of leaves still to emerge until flag leaf is not constant for all the rice genotypes. These findings are not in agreement with reports in the literature.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Paddy Water Balance Using APEX-Paddy Model

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamruzzaman ◽  
Syewoon Hwang ◽  
Soon-Kun Choi ◽  
Jaepil Cho ◽  
Inhong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Paddy Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to assess the impact of climate change on water balance components in irrigated paddy cultivation. The APEX-Paddy model, which is the modified version of the APEX (Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender) model for paddy ecosystems, was used to evaluate the paddy water balance components considering future climate scenarios. The bias-corrected future projections of climate data from 29 GCMs (General Circulation Models) were applied to the APEX-Paddy model simulation. The study area (Jeonju station) forecasts generally show increasing patterns in rainfall, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature with a rate of up to 23%, 27%, and 45%, respectively. The hydrological simulations suggest over-proportional runoff–rainfall and under-proportional percolation and deep-percolation–rainfall relationships for the modeled climate scenarios. Climate change scenarios showed that the evapotranspiration amount was estimated to decrease compared to the baseline period (1976–2005). The evaporation was likely to increase by 0.12%, 2.21%, and 7.81% during the 2010s, 2040s, and 2070s, respectively under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)8.5, due to the increase in temperature. The change in evaporation was more pronounced in RCP8.5 than the RCP4.5 scenario. The transpiration is expected to reduce by 2.30% and 12.62% by the end of the century (the 2070s) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively, due to increased CO2 concentration. The irrigation water demand is generally expected to increase over time in the future under both climate scenarios. Compared to the baseline, the most significant change is expected to increase in the 2040s by 3.21% under RCP8.5, while the lowest increase was found by 0.36% in 2010s under RCP4.5. The increment of irrigation does not show a significant difference; the rate of increase in the irrigation was found to be greater RCP8.5 than RCP4.5 except in the 2070s. The findings of this study can play a significant role as the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of rice production concerning water management against climate change.

Utilização da autópsia verbal na recodificação de causa básica de óbito

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Adalvane Nobres Damaceno ◽  
Danieli Bandeira ◽  
Luciane Silva Ramos ◽  
Teresinha Heck Weiller
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Maria

INTRODUÇÃO: O conhecimento sobre causas de morte provenientes das estatísticas de saúde são de importância fundamental, pois fornecem subsídios para analisar a situação de saúde das populações e para planejamento, monitoramento e a avaliação em saúde. OBJETIVO: Investigar as mortes por causas mal definidas e sem assistência notificadas no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). MÉTODO: Aplicação do instrumento da Autópsia Verbal na investigação dos óbitos por causas mal definidas/sem assistência, informados no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade no ano de 2011, no município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. RESULTADOS: Dos 645 óbitos ocorridos no município em 2011 o capítulo das causas mal definidas/sem assistência representou 36,3% (n=234). CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se a predominância de óbitos após investigação de Doenças do Aparelho Circulatório e Neoplasias, dessa forma contribui-se para a alteração do Sistema de Informação em Saúde do município.

Membros: v. 8, n. 2 (2010)

RENOTE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
.. .
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Santa Maria

Ana Bertoletti De Marchi - Universidade de Passo Fundo Cleuza Alonso - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Elisa Boff - Universidade de Caxias do Sul Eliseo Reategui - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Evandro Alves - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Gilse Falkembach - Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA Janete Sander Costa - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Joice Otsuka - Universidade Federal de São Carlos José Valdeni de Lima - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Liane Tarouco - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Liliana Passerino - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Magda Bercht - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Marcelo Foohs - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Marcus Basso - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Maria Cristina Biazus - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS Marlise Geller - Universidade Luterana do Brasil Patricia Behar - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Querte Mehlecke - Faculdades de Taquara-FACCAT/RS Renato Dutra - MicroPower - Educação e Negócios Ricardo Silveira - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Roseclea Medina -Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Sidnei Silveira - Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis - UniRitter Silvia Meirelles Leite - Universidade Federal de Pelotas Simone Conceição - Universidade de Wiscosin - Estados UnidosCoordenação :José Valdeni de Lima - PPGIE Liane Margarida Rockenbach Tarouco - CINTED/UFRGSEliseo Reategui - FACED/PGIE - UFRGS

scholarly journals Past and future snowmelt trends in the Swiss Alps: the role of temperature and snowpack

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vorkauf ◽  
Christoph Marty ◽  
Ansgar Kahmen ◽  
Erika Hiltbrunner
Keyword(s):  
Snow Depth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Freezing Damage ◽  
Strong Shift ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Early Snowmelt

AbstractThe start of the growing season for alpine plants is primarily determined by the date of snowmelt. We analysed time series of snow depth at 23 manually operated and 15 automatic (IMIS) stations between 1055 and 2555 m asl in the Swiss Central Alps. Between 1958 and 2019, snowmelt dates occurred 2.8 ± 1.3 days earlier in the year per decade, with a strong shift towards earlier snowmelt dates during the late 1980s and early 1990s, but non-significant trends thereafter. Snowmelt dates at high-elevation automatic stations strongly correlated with snowmelt dates at lower-elevation manual stations. At all elevations, snowmelt dates strongly depended on spring air temperatures. More specifically, 44% of the variance in snowmelt dates was explained by the first day when a three-week running mean of daily air temperatures passed a 5 °C threshold. The mean winter snow depth accounted for 30% of the variance. We adopted the effects of air temperature and snowpack height to Swiss climate change scenarios to explore likely snowmelt trends throughout the twenty-first century. Under a high-emission scenario (RCP8.5), we simulated snowmelt dates to advance by 6 days per decade by the end of the century. By then, snowmelt dates could occur one month earlier than during the reference periods (1990–2019 and 2000–2019). Such early snowmelt may extend the alpine growing season by one third of its current duration while exposing alpine plants to shorter daylengths and adding a higher risk of freezing damage.

scholarly journals Parasitismo por Calodium hepaticum em dois cães

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2642-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloísa Einloft Palma ◽  
Paula Cristina Basso ◽  
Anne Santos do Amaral ◽  
Ana Paula Silva ◽  
Cândido Fontoura Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Calodium Hepaticum ◽  
Insuficiencia Cardiaca ◽  
Santa Maria

Calodium hepaticum já foi relatado parasitando o parênquima hepático de diversas espécies de mamíferos, porém é infrequente em cães. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de descrever dois casos de capilariose hepática em cães, diagnosticados em um período de um mês na região de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O primeiro cão apresentava sintomatologia clínica de insuficiência cardíaca, e ovos de Calodium hepaticum foram encontrados ocasionalmente no exame histopatológico do fígado. O segundo animal apresentava mucosas ictéricas e ascite. No hemograma, ficou evidente a presença de anemia arregenerativa e, na avaliação de bioquímica sérica, percebeu-se aumento de fosfatase alcalina, alanina aminotransferase e hipoalbuminemia. A análise do liquido cavitário foi compatível com transudato modificado. No exame histopatológico, foram observados numerosos ovos bioperculados de Calodium hepaticum, dispostos aleatoriamente pelo parênquima hepático, com reação granulomatosa e fibrosa adjacente aos ovos. A existência de maior número de cães infectados demonstra a necessidade de controle da população de roedores.

scholarly journals A hydrological modelling-based approach for vulnerable area identification under changing climate scenarios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonam S. Dash ◽  
Dipaka R. Sena ◽  
Uday Mandal ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Gopal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Vulnerable Area ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
Critical Zones

Abstract The hydrologic behaviour of the Brahmani River basin (BRB) (39,633.90 km2), India was assessed for the base period (1970–1999) and future climate scenarios (2050) using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Monthly streamflow data of 2000–2009 and 2010–2012 was used for calibration and validation, respectively, and performed satisfactorily with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (ENS) of 0.52–0.55. The projected future climatic outcomes of the HadGEM2-ES model indicated that minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and precipitation may increase by 1.11–3.72 °C, 0.27–2.89 °C, and 16–263 mm, respectively, by 2050. The mean annual streamflow over the basin may increase by 20.86, 11.29, 4.45, and 37.94% under RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, respectively, whereas the sediment yield is likely to increase by 23.34, 10.53, 2.45, and 27.62% under RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, respectively, signifying RCP 8.5 to be the most adverse scenario for the BRB. Moreover, a ten-fold increase in environmental flow (defined as Q90) by the mid-century period is expected under the RCP 8.5 scenario. The vulnerable area assessment revealed that the increase in moderate and high erosion-prone regions will be more prevalent in the mid-century. The methodology developed herein could be successfully implemented for identification and prioritization of critical zones in worldwide river basins.

New records of the occurrence of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) species in rural area of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, in the South of Brazil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Somavilla Lignon ◽  
Emanuelle de Souza Farias ◽  
Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa ◽  
Eduarda Maria Trentin Santi ◽  
Lucas Alexandre Farias de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
New Records ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Santa Maria

scholarly journals Guia de identificação das espécies de Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Giovâni da Silva ◽  
Fernando Zagury Vaz-de-Mello ◽  
Rocco Alfredo Di Mare
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Maria

Apresenta-se um guia de identificação das espécies de Scarabaeinae ocorrentes em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, arroladas da literatura e capturadas entre maio de 2009 a abril de 2010 em fragmentos florestais. São fornecidas chave dicotômica, caracterização, ilustrações (das espécies coletadas) e informações ecológicas para 35 espécies.

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