scholarly journals Computerized electrocardiogram in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaemilia N. Diniz ◽  
Gerson T. Pessoa ◽  
Laecio da S. Moura ◽  
Marina P. Sanches ◽  
Renan P.S. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Heart Electrical Activity ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride

ABSTRACT: An electrocardiogram is a test that assesses heart electrical activity and is applied more frequently in the veterinary care of wild animals. The present study aimed to define the electrocardiogram pattern of agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam. Eighteen clinically healthy agoutis (D. prymnolopha) were used from the Nucleus for Wild Animal Studies and Conservation (NEPAS) of the Federal University of Piauí, Brazil. The animals were chemically restrained with 5% ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 15mg/kg and midazolam at a dose of 1mg/kg by intramuscular injection. Electrocardiogram tests were carried out by a computerized method with the veterinary electrocardiogram [Acquisition Model for Computer (ECG - PC version Windows 95) Brazilian Electronic Technology (TEB) consisting of an electronic circuit externally connected to a notebook computer with ECGPC-VET (TEB) software installed on the hard disc. In analysing the EKG results, significant differences were observed for QRS complex duration, PR and QT intervals and for R wave millivoltage between the genders; but we observed a significant influence of weight despite the gender. In the present experiment, the anaesthetic protocol was shown to be well tolerated by the agoutis, and no arrhythmias occurred during the time the animals were monitored. The reference values obtained should be used to better understand the cardiac electrophysiology of the species and for its clinical and surgical management.

Ketamine-methoxyflurane anaesthesia for the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Smith ◽  
H. M. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Methoxyflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Deep Anaesthesia

Ketamine hydrochloride alone was an effective analgesic in the Mongolian gerbil. In 28 young adult animals of both sexes (bodyweight 45-68 g) intramuscular injection of 44 mg/kg produced analgesia in about 83 seconds. Deep surgical anaesthesia could be readily achieved in about 12 min from start when methoxyflurane was administered by nasal cone 5 min after ketamine injection, and the surgical level was maintained arbitrarily for about 40 min during part of which laparotomy was performed. Induction of deep anaesthesia was smooth and recovery occurred uneventfully. The combination of ketamine and methoxyflurane allowed effective control of both the depth and duration of anaesthesia. Recovery time was about 77 min. Sex differences generally were slight.

A safe and fast-acting surgical anesthetic for use in the guinea pig

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Shucard ◽  
M. Andrew ◽  
C. Beauford
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Methyl Ketone ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Fast Acting

Ketamine [dl-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone] hydrochloride was used in conjunction with Acepromazine [10–3-(dimethylamino)-propyl]phenothiazin-2-yl-methyl ketone] Maleate to produce surgical depth anesthesia in guinea pigs. In tests with 97 animals, an intramuscular injection of 44 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride plus 2 mg Acepromazine Maleate was found to be effective in producing a surgical level of anesthesia within 2 min after administration. The anesthetic state lasted for an average of 1.5 h and could be safely extended by supplemental administrations of the drugs. This anesthetic combination was found to be fast acting, safe, and easily controlled.

Free-Living Wild Animal Studies: A Stimulus to Zoonoses Research

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 814-818
Author(s):  
Robert M. McCully
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Free Living

scholarly journals Moderate but not severe hypothermia causes pro-arrhythmic changes in cardiac electrophysiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (13) ◽  
pp. 2081-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik S Dietrichs ◽  
Karen McGlynn ◽  
Andrew Allan ◽  
Adam Connolly ◽  
Martin Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Moderate Hypothermia ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation Threshold ◽  
Severe Hypothermia ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Ventricular Activation

Abstract Aims Treatment of arrhythmias evoked by hypothermia/rewarming remains challenging, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This in vitro experimental study assessed cardiac electrophysiology in isolated rabbit hearts at temperatures occurring in therapeutic and accidental hypothermia. Methods and results Detailed ECG, surface electrogram, and panoramic optical mapping were performed in isolated rabbit hearts cooled to moderate (31°C) and severe (17°C) hypothermia. Ventricular activation was unchanged at 31°C while action potential duration (APD) was significantly prolonged (176.9 ± 4.2 ms vs. 241.0 ± 2.9 ms, P < 0.05), as was ventricular repolarization. At 17°C, there were proportionally similar delays in both activation and repolarization. These changes were reflected in the QRS and QT intervals of ECG recordings. Ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly reduced at 31°C (16.3 ± 3.1 vs. 35 ± 3.5 mA, P < 0.05) but increased at 17°C (64.2 ± 9.9, P < 0.05). At 31°C, transverse conduction was relatively unchanged by cooling compared to longitudinal conduction, but at 17°C both transverse and longitudinal conduction were proportionately reduced to a similar extent. The gap junction uncoupler heptanol had a larger relative effect on transverse than longitudinal conduction and was able to restore the transverse/longitudinal conduction ratio, returning ventricular fibrillation threshold to baseline values (16.3 ± 3.1 vs. 36.3 ± 4.3 mA, P < 0.05) at 31°C. Rewarming to 37°C restored the majority of the electrophysiological parameters. Conclusions Moderate hypothermia does not significantly change ventricular conduction time but prolongs repolarization and is pro-arrhythmic. Further cooling to severe hypothermia causes parallel changes in ventricular activation and repolarization, changes which are anti-arrhythmic. Therefore, relative changes in QRS and QT intervals (QR/QTc) emerge as an ECG-biomarker of pro-arrhythmic activity. Risk for ventricular fibrillation appears to be linked to the relatively low temperature sensitivity of ventricular transmural conduction, a conclusion supported by the anti-arrhythmic effect of heptanol at 31°C.

Printed-Electronic PCB Circuit Inkjet Printing Control and Detection System

2012 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Hong Liao
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Design ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Line System ◽  
Electronic Circuit Design

Printed electronic technology is focus in industry as an efficient, low consumption, energy saving, environmentally friendly technology. Ink-jet printing technology is the core of fully printed electronic technology. This article design a Printed electronic Assembly line system consisted of Fixed inkjet array, which can Implement high-speed inkjet printing. It Adopt the print driver architecture In accordance with WDM models which cross kernel and user level. Embedded with electronic circuit design software systems, the electronic circuit design is directly printed to PCB. Interlaced Fixed Multi-inkjet Has parallel high-speed printing features, reduce assembly line machinery vibration, simplify electromechanical servo systems, improve the accuracy of printing. The Design Consist of sections of PCB Positioning, Image servo, Matching printing and Quality detection.

scholarly journals Use of aVR and Jastrzębski algorithms in the classification of wide complex tachycardia in dogs – a preliminary study

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-369
Author(s):  
Marcin Michałek ◽  
Piotr Frydrychowski ◽  
Jakub Adamowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Sławuta ◽  
Urszula Pasławska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Complex Tachycardia ◽  
Common Criterion

AbstractIntroductionVentricular rhythm disturbances are a common pathology in human and veterinary medicine. In humans, the algorithmic approach is used to differentiate wide QRS complex tachycardia. The most commonly used are the aVR and Brugada algorithms as well as the ventricular tachycardia (VT) score developed by Jastrzębski and coworkers. In veterinary medicine, no such algorithms are available and the only parameter used to describe VT abnormalities is the duration of the QRS complexes. The aim of this analysis was determining whether human medicine algorithms for VT are applicable in veterinary medicine to differentiate wide QRS complex tachycardia in dogs.Material and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 11 dogs of both sexes and various breeds and age diagnosed with VT. The diagnosis was based on ambulatory ECG, further established based on the reaction to lidocaine or adenosine or an invasive electrophysiological study.ResultsOf the 11 tracings passed through the aVR algorithm, 10 met the VT criteria. The most common criterion was the Vi/Vt ratio (8 out of 11 tracings). Based on the VT score, seven out of eight dogs had a high probability of VT.ConclusionRetrospective analysis of ECGs by aVR and VT score indicates that the applied algorithms may be useful in differentiating wide QRS complex tachycardia as a quick, easy, and non-invasive alternative to cardiac electrophysiology.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lower and Higher Calorie Meal on the Parameters of Ventricular Repolarization in Healthy Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
Erdoğan Sökmen ◽  
Hacı Mehmet Çalışkan ◽  
Mustafa Çelik ◽  
Serkan Sivri ◽  
Yalçın Boduroğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Ventricular Repolarization ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Ventricular Repolarisation ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
Fasted State ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Meal Consumption

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular modulation following meal consumption has been known. Little and conflicting data is present regarding electrocardiographic QT and QTc intervals after a meal, and status of ventricular repolarization following meal is not known comprehensively. AIM: To inquire the electrocardiographic status of ventricular repolarisation thoroughly after lower and higher calorie meal consumption in a comparative manner. METHODS: A group of 61 healthy individuals were studied before and after lunch. They were divided into two groups according to the calorie consumed (higher calorie and lower calorie; median 1580 and 900 kcals, respectively). Calorie consumed was estimated using dietary guidelines. Data was collected from 12-lead ECG both in a fasted state and 2nd postprandial hour for each participant. Parameters of ventricular repolarization, namely, JTp, Tp-e, QT, QTc intervals and their ratios, as well as RR intervals, were compared between fasted and postprandial states for every participant. RESULTS: Tp-e and QTc intervals, and Tp-e/QTc ratio do not significantly change after both higher- and lower-calorie meals. JTp and QT intervals significantly shorten in both groups, regardless of the calorie consumed. While JTp shows a positive correlation with RR interval both before and after a meal in lower calorie intake group, no correlation was found with RR interval after a meal in higher calorie group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher calorie intake during a meal is a predictor for greater shortening in JTp and QT, compared to lower calorie meal. CONCLUSION: Our study may guide future studies on ventricular repolarisation, particularly those conducted on various disease conditions or drug effect of cardiac electrophysiology.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic patterns of Mangalarga Marchador horses before and after implementation of the marcha gait

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarisse Simões Coelho ◽  
Gabriella Agra de Omena e Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Trindade Oliveira Junior ◽  
Vanessa Sartor Moraes ◽  
Laura Monteiro de Castro Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qt Interval ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Pr Interval ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
T Waves

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the electrocardiographic parameters in Mangalarga Marchador horses submitted to marcha exercise. Twenty-four Mangalarga Marchador horses, thirteen females and eleven males, 6.4±2.7 years old with a mean weight of 428.3±24.7kg, were used. Electrocardiograms were recorded in two different moments: rest and immediately after exercise (40 minutes of aerobic exercise, marcha gait). The electrocardiographic variables analyzed were cardiac rhythm, heart rate (HR), duration of P wave, QRS complex, PR and QT intervals, amplitudes of P, R and T waves, and analysis of QT corrected (QTc) according to Bazett's formula (QT/√RR). Variables were analyzed for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and paired t-test, considering P<0.05. Rhythm analysis revealed 91.7% of sinus rhythm and 8.3% of sinus arrhythmia in rest, with mean HR of 45.7±12.7 beats minute-1, and 100% of sinus tachycardia, with mean HR of 77.3±13.5 beats minute-1 after exercise (P<0.0001). In post-exercise, it was possible to observe decreases in P wave duration (P=0.0121), PR interval (P=0.0007) and QT interval (P<0.0001) and increase of QTc (P=0.0039) and R wave amplitude (P=0.0033). There were no significant differences for amplitude of P and T waves and QRS complex related to atrioventricular enlargement. Although QT interval decreased after exercise, there was an increase on QTc after exercise, indicating changes in ventricular repolarization. It was possible to conclude that the imposed exercise (marcha gait) led to electrocardiographic alterations without causing pathological arrhythmias.

The Application of Multisim in Electronic Technology Teaching

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1566-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Yuan Shi ◽  
Yan Kun Tang ◽  
Jing Quan Li ◽  
Xiao Guang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Basic Data ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Component Parameter ◽  
Electronic Teaching ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Technology Teaching ◽  
The Way

The paper introduces the method by the way of applying Multisim in the course of the basic data electronic technique.We can find that the Multisim has a good perspective. Its ability of changing the circuit and component parameter can help us to know about its different characteristics of electronic circuit. It also will become a tool to train the students actual ability. To use the computers to design EDA will be a good direction in the course of electronic teaching.

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