scholarly journals Use of Adjuvants to Optimize the Activity of Two Broad-Spectrum Herbicides for Weed Control in Wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. ABBAS ◽  
A. TANVEER ◽  
T. AHMAD ◽  
M. AMIN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Fatty Alcohol ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Alcohol Ethoxylate

ABSTRACT: Herbicide resistance development among weeds, environmental contamination and health concerns due to the overuse of herbicides have led researchers to focus on ways to reduce herbicides to be sprayed for weed management. Adjuvants are best suited for that purpose, as they accomplish a crucial role in achieving satisfactory control of weeds by maximizing herbicidal activity. A two-year field investigation was carried out at the Agronomic Research Area, in the University of Agriculture, in Faisalabad, Pakistan during the winter of 2014 and 2015, with the objective to optimize the activity of two broad-spectrum herbicides at reduced dose (75% of the label mentioned rate) for weed control in wheat. Minimum weed density, weed dry weight and NPK uptake were recorded with reduced dosed mesosulfuron methyl + iodosulfuron methyl sodium at 10.60 g a.i. ha-1 combined with fatty alcohol ethoxylate at 200 mL ha-1. This was followed by reduced dosed sulfosulfuron at 18.75 g a.i. ha-1 combined with the same adjuvant. Among various herbicidal treatments, application of reduced dosed mesosulfuron methyl + iodosulfuron methyl sodium at 10.60 g a.i. ha-1 combined with fatty alcohol ethoxylate at 200 mL ha-1 was proved to be most cost effective and resulted in maximum wheat yield during both years of study.

scholarly journals Effects of weed management practices on yield and economics of black gram (Phaseolus mungo)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Kavita D. Rajput ◽  
J. P. Bholane ◽  
A.S. Latkar ◽  
V. M. Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

A field investigation was carried out during Kharif season in 2010 at Agronomy Department Farm, Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola,to evaluate the effect of four herbicides (imazethapyr, pendimethalin,fenoxyprop-p-ethyl and quizalofop -p-ethyl) applied at different rates with different time of application (pre-emergence,post emergence and combination of both) and cultural practices on weeds .The experiment was laid out in randomized block design replicated three times with thirteen treatments. The results revealed that the application of Pendimethalin @ 1.5 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence application recorded lowest weed dry weight (2.01), Higher Weed control efficiency (87.42), Lowest weed index (20.46) and significantly higher yield (10.02q/ha),followed by Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence application and twice hand weeding on 15 and 30 days after sowing (DAS).Among all the weed control treatments, weed free treatment recorded highest (48410 Rs/ha and 35356 Rs/ha) gross monetary returns and relative net monetary returns in black gram. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1.5 kg/ha(29368)as well as @ 1.0 kg/ha (29570) and post emergence application of fenoxyprop-p-ethyl @ 0.125 kg/ha (29502) followed by cultural practices of two hand weedings at 15 and 30 days after sowing (24607) were found effective in increasing the seed yield and relative net monetary returns of black gram. Benefit : cost ratio was observed highest under post-emergence application of fenoxyprop-p-ethyl @ 0.125 kg/ha(4.10) among all the weed control practices.

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

Effects of Seeding Date and Weed Control on Switchgrass Establishment

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Curran ◽  
Matthew R. Ryan ◽  
Matthew W. Myers ◽  
Paul R. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment

We tested the effects of seeding date and weed control during switchgrass establishment in a field experiment that was conducted in central Pennsylvania in 2007 and repeated in 2008. Switchgrass was no-till seeded in early May, late May, and mid-June, and three postemergence weed management treatments were evaluated, including Mow (only a single mowing), Broadleaf (2,4-D + dicamba), and Broad Spectrum (2,4-D + dicamba + atrazine + quinclorac). Switchgrass density increased at later seeding dates, except in 2008, when the middle seeding date had the lowest density. In both years, weed biomass in late summer was lowest in the last seeding date of the Broad Spectrum treatment. In contrast, switchgrass biomass in late summer was greatest in the first seeding date of the Broad Spectrum treatment in both years. In the year after establishment (production year), plots were split to test the effects of supplemental weed control, composed of metsulfuron + 2,4-D applied in May, on total aboveground yield. Supplemental control in the production year increased total aboveground yield in the Mow treatment only, indicating that effective weed control during the establishment year might reduce the need for weed control in the following year. Although maximum aboveground yield was achieved when switchgrass was seeded in May and herbicides were used, results from our experiment suggest that seeding switchgrass at a relatively high seeding rate in June in our study region and mowing annual weeds to reduce competition and prevent seed production could be an effective strategy if minimizing herbicide use is a priority.

Effect of herbicides and herbicide mixtures on weeds in wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhirender Choudhary ◽  
P. K. Singh ◽  
N. K. Chopra ◽  
S. C. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Metsulfuron Methyl ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency ◽  
Herbicide Mixtures ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of herbicides and their mixtures on weeds in wheat (<italic>Triticum aestivum</italic> L.) cv. PBW-343. Minimum weed density per m<sup>2</sup> and weed dry weight (5.13 and 17.31g) was recorded with sulfosulfuron at 25g ha<sup>−1</sup> followed by clodinofop at 60g + metsulfuron methyl at 4g ha<sup>−1</sup> (5.19 and 18.45g), metribuzin at 200gha<sup>−1</sup>(5.85 and 25.98g), pendimethalin at 1000g fb 2,4-Dat400g ha<sup>−1</sup> (6.49 and 31.73g) and hand weeding twice(7.01 and 35g), respectively. Also, maximum weed control efficiency was recorded under sulfosulfuron at 25g ha<sup>−1</sup> (83.85%) followed by clodinofop at 60g + metsulfuron methyl at 4g ha<sup>−1</sup> (83.17%) and metribuzin at 200g ha<sup>−1</sup> (75.85%), respectively. All the weed control treatments recorded significantly higher harvest index than the weedy check (40.24). Among various herbicidal treatments, application of clodinofop at 60g + metsulfuron methyl at 4g ha<sup>−1</sup> recorded highest harvest index (41.91) followed by sulfosulfuron at 25 gha<sup>−1</sup> (41.83) and pendimethalin at 1000g fb2,4-Dat 400gha<sup>−1</sup> (41.25) respectively. The harvest index recorded under clodinofop at 60g + metsulfuron methyl at 4g ha<sup>−1</sup> and sulfosulfuron at 25 g ha<sup>−1</sup> was significantly at par with weed free (42.06).

scholarly journals Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
H Hasanuddin ◽  
G Erida ◽  
S Hafsah ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
Y Agustiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.

Integrated weed management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rainfed conditions of Karnataka, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandit S. Rathod ◽  
D. H. Patil ◽  
B. M. Doamani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

A field investigation was carried out during winter seasons of 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Agricultural Research Station, Gulbarga (Karnataka) to evaluate the effect of pre and post emergence herbicides on weeds and productivity of chickpea cv. JG-11. Ten treatments were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Among the herbicidal treatments, pendimethalin 38% CS 0.75 kg a.i ha-1PE + hand weeding (HW) at 30-35 days after sowing (DAS) and pendimethalin 30% EC 0.75 kg a.i ha-1+ imazethapyr 2% 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE + one hoeing at 30-35 DAS recorded significantly higher seed yield (1198 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 25107 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.10) and lower weed dry weight (11.3 g m-2) and higher weed control efficiency (83%) than all other herbicidal treatments except two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS. It may be inferred from the present investigation that these herbicidal treatments could be used effectively as an alternative for controlling weeds and obtaining optimum seed yield of chickpea under rainfed conditions of Karnataka.

Selectivity and Site of Action in Relation to Field Performance of Diclofop

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

In the greenhouse, the methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-diclorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} as a postemergence application at 1.1 kg/ha ai did not affect the growth of the seven dicotyledonous crops with the exception of slight injury to yellow [white] mustard(Brassica hirtaMoench). Of the 13 gramineous species, corn(Zea maysL.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.], oats(Avena sativaL.) wild oats(Avena fatuaL.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], and timothy(Phleum pratenseL.) were rated highly susceptible, while barley(Hordeum vulgareL.), bromegrass [smooth brome](Bromus inermisLeyss.), durum wheat(Triticum durumDesf.), intermediate wheatgrass [Agropyron intermedium(Host) Beauv.], Russian wild ryegrass(Elymus junceusFisch.), triticale(X TriticosecaleWittmack), and wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) were relatively tolerant. Residue of diclofop in the soil partially controlled green foxtail which was seeded 3 weeks after herbicide application. Whether applied to wild oat shoots or roots, diclofop affected the entire plant, but growth reduction was great when applied to the shoots. Field results confirmed that foliar application gave the best weed control resulting in larger wheat yield increases. Wild oat control was greatly enhanced when an adjuvant was added to diclofop. This enhanced herbicidal activity appeared to have no effect on tolerance of barley at 0.8 kg/ha nor wheat at 1.1 kg/ha. Increasing the temperature from 12 to 28 C decreased wild oat control from diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha. In the field, diclofop at rates ranging from 0.8 to 2.2 kg/ha gave good control of wild oats and green foxtail resulting in significantly increased wheat yield compared to the checks. However, barley yield increases were obtained only at the rates from 0.8 to 1.1 kg/ha, indicating that at the higher rates barley was less tolerant than wheat. The 0.6 kg/ha rate with an adjuvant gave adequate weed control and significant barley yield increases over the checks, when evaluated on five barley cultivars.

scholarly journals Weed control efficiency and weed index as influenced by weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947-1952
Author(s):  
R. B. Negalur ◽  
A. S. Halepyati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Row Space

Field experiment on effect of different weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted at ARS, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka during kharif, 2012 and 2013 under irrigated condition in clay soil. Pooled mean indicated that, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder twice at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space recorded significantly lower grassy weed population and dry weight at 40, 60 DAT and at harvest (1.98, 2.47, 2.97/0.25 m2 and 1.00, 1.20, 1.47 g /0.25 m2, respectively), sedge weed population and dry weight (2.61, 3.21, 3.52 /0.25 m2 and 1.19, 1.48, 1.71 g /0.25 m2, respectively) and broad leaved weed population and dry weight (1.68, 2.10, 2.52 / 0.25 m2 and 0.91, 1.06, 1.28 g /0.25 m2, respectively). Significantly higher WCE (87.53%), lower weed index (3.11 %), grain and straw yield (5160 and 6482 kg ha-1, respectively), gross and net returns (Rs. 92,212 and 50,410 ha-1, respectively), and B:C of 2.22 over unweeded check. Hence, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space was found to be the best weed control method as it recorded higher B:C. Present conventional manual weeding is which is not advantageous as it is costlier, time consuming and labour may trample and damage rice seedlings. Mechanical weeder and sequential application can overcome the same.

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