scholarly journals Use of densimetric table to improve the quality of commercial castor bean seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Lucrécio dos Santos Neto ◽  
Maria Laene Moreira de Carvalho ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Carlos Fraga ◽  
Ademária Aparecida de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Castor bean fruits are already used for biodiesel production but obtaining quality seeds is still a challenge. Seed cleaning improves lot quality but little is known about the effects of upgrading castor bean seed lots on a densimetric table. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of cleaning castor bean seed lots on a densimetric table on their physical, physiological and sanitary characteristics. Two commercial lots of the AL Guarani 2002 cultivar, separated into five categories according to their classification on a densimetric table (uncleaned and low, low intermediate, high intermediate and high outlets), were evaluated. Tests for the yield, one-thousand seed weight, germination, seedling emergence, electrical conductivity and seed health were performed. The classification of castor bean seeds on a densimetric table significantly improved the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of commercial seed lots. The physiological response of the different classified lots varied according to their initial weight. Castor bean seeds separated on a densimetric table for the upper outlet showed a better physical, physiological and sanitary quality compared to those for the lower outlet.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of castor bean seeds originating from different racemes in the plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
Roberto Fontes Araújo ◽  
Maria Aparecida Vilela de Resende ◽  
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Critical Phases

The harvesting is one of the most critical phases in castor bean seed production system, once physiological quality of the seeds produced in the different types of racemes in the plant can be affected. The aim of this study was assessing physiological quality of castor bean seeds in function of position of the racemes on plant. Castor bean seeds, cv. IAC-226, harvested separately at distinct periods from primary, secondary, and tertiary racemes, or of mixture of seeds originating from the different types of racemes were used. Soon after harvest, the following determinations were performed: moisture content; 1,000 seeds weight; germination; first count of germination; seedling emergence; emergence speed index; and length and dry matter of seedlings. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four repetitions. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means were compared by Tukey test, at 5% probability. The seeds from primary racemes present higher weight and vigor as compared to seeds produced on other types of racemes. Seeds originating from secondary and tertiary racemes present post-harvest dormancy, being this event more evident on seeds originating from tertiary racemes.

scholarly journals Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds produced under different irrigation depths and leaf Silicon

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2233-2252
Author(s):  
Guilherme Fontes Valory Gama ◽  
◽  
Rafael Macedo de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro ◽  
Laércio Junio da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Water availability is one of the main factors responsible for wheat productivity, as well as the quality of the produced seeds. Silicon (Si) has an important role in mitigating the effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, Si application can be used to mitigate the effects of different irrigation depths on the production and quality of wheat seeds. The work aimed to evaluate the yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds produced from plants fertilized with leaf Si and grown under different irrigation depths. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot randomized block design, with four replications. The plots consisted of three irrigation depths (0, 50, and 100% of the total irrigation requirement [TIR]). In the subplots, Si treatments were allocated (without application [0 mM] and 5 mM SiO2, applied at the tillering stage). The following parameters were evaluated: water balance of the system; soil moisture; yield; thousand seed weight; germination; electrical conductivity; accelerated aging; seedling length and emergence. The water balance of the system was negative for the 0% TIN irrigation depth after anthesis and there was less soil moisture in this depth. There was no effect of irrigation depths and Si application on plant yield. The smaller irrigation depths imposed reduced the thousand seed weight and the electrical conductivity of the seeds produced. Plants fertilized with Si did not differ in germination, but they produced more vigorous seedlings with greater growth and uniformity.

scholarly journals Productive potential and seed quality of soybean genotypes with different maturity groups

2019 ◽  
pp. 1155-1161
Author(s):  
Jonas Estevon Cover ◽  
Cibele Divino Aguiar ◽  
Antônio Veimar da Silva ◽  
Carla Michelle da Silva ◽  
Fabio Mielezrski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Pod Number ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Maturity Groups

Soybean has economically stood out worldwide. In MATOPIBA region of Brazil (Maranhão, Tocantins, Paiuí e Bahia) it is the most economically important crop with participation in the country’s GDP growth. Due to this great growth economic and the incentive to the production of this oilseed, this study aimed to understand the behavior and physiological quality of soybean genotypes and to determine the productive potential of soybean seeds of different cultivars in the Cerrado of the State of Piauí. To this end, an experiment was carried out at Celeiro Farm, located in Serra do Quilombo, municipality of Monte Alegre do Piauí. Sowing followed the usual standards and was carried out on January 10, 2016. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five cultivars of INTACTA RR2 PRO soybean, with different maturity groups: C1: MG 8.6, C2: MG 8.3, C3: MG 8.6.1, C4: MG 7.9 and C5: MG 8.5. The analyzed variables were: plant height, number of nodes, internode length, pod length, number of grains per pod, number of grains per plant, one thousand seed weight, productivity, first germination count, germination, seedling length, germination speed index and seedling dry mass. The results indicated that the best cultivars were: C5:TMG 2185 IPRO for plant height, internode length and pod length, and C4: BÔNUS IPRO for number of grains per pod, number of grains per plant, one thousand seed weight, and productivity. Considering the first count, germination, and germination speed index, the best cultivar was C5.

scholarly journals Seeds treatment times in the establishment and yield performance of soybean crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
Ademir Assis Henning ◽  
Julia Abati ◽  
Fernando Augusto Henning ◽  
José de Barros França-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Abstract: The objective was to assess the early treatment effect of soybean seeds and pre-sowing with different combinations of chemicals on the establishment of plants and crop yield performance. The design was in randomized blocks in a 2x7 factorial arrangement, with two times for seed treatment and seven treatments (six chemical treatments and an untreated control). The treatments were: 1) fipronil + pyraclostrobin + thiophanate methyl; 2) imidacloprid + thiodicarb + carbendazin + thiram; 3) abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + mefenoxam + thiabendazole; 4) carbendazin + thiram; 5) fludioxonil + mefenoxam + thiabendazole; 6) carboxin + thiram; and 7) untreated control (water only). The assessments were: seedling emergence, final stand, plant height and insertion of first pod, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod and per plant, thousand-seed weight and grain yield. Early treatment of soybean seeds (240 days prior to sowing) hinders the establishment of the crop, the thousand-seed weight and grain yield in relation to the pre-sowing treatment. Chemical treatments tested containing fungicides and insecticides associated favor the establishment of the crop, but do not alter the soybean yield performance.

scholarly journals Predicting the Properties of Industrially Produced Oat Flours by the Characteristics of Native Oat Grains or Non-Heat-Treated Groats

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Iina Jokinen ◽  
Juha-Matti Pihlava ◽  
Anna Puganen ◽  
Tuula Sontag-Strohm ◽  
Kaisa M. Linderborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oat Flour ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The aim of this study was to determine whether the properties of the native oat grain or non-heat-treated groats (laboratory-scale dehulling) can be used to predict the quality of the industrially produced oat flour produced from heat-treated groats. Quality properties such as the color, hectoliter weight, thousand seed weight and hull content of Finnish native grains (n = 30) were determined. Furthermore, the relationship between the properties of the native grains and the chemical composition of the raw oat materials before and after the milling process were studied. A significant relationship (p < 0.01) was observed between the thousand seed weight of the native oat groats and the chemical composition of the industrially produced oat flour. Furthermore, the protein content of the native grains measured by NIT correlated with the chemical composition of the oat flours. These results suggest that the properties of oat flour produced on an industrial scale, including heat treatment, could be predicted based on the properties of native oat grains.

scholarly journals Action of defense activator and foliar fungicide on the control of Asiatic rust and on yield and quality of soybean seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Everson Reis Carvalho ◽  
Vinícius de Andrade ◽  
Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Foliar Fungicide

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of fungicide application (PrioriXtra®, azoxystrobin + ciproconazole) and defense activator (Bion®, acibenzolar-S-methyl) on the control of Asiatic rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), as well as the effect of the disease on the quality of soybean seeds. The experimental design was a randomized block in factorial 4 X 10 with three replications, with four soybean breeding lines, two disease-tolerant and two susceptible and ten managements of rust control, using the products Bion®, Priori Xtra® and their combination, applied once, twice and three times, and a control. It evaluated the rate of normalized difference vegetation, productivity, mass of 1000 seeds and seed quality by means of the germination, seedling emergence, accelerated aging and seed health tests. The use of the defense activator alone in the maximum of three applications is not effective in controlling rust. The fungicide used in conjunction or not with the defense activator is effective in controlling rust and improving seed quality, when used with three foliar applications. The defoliation caused by rust affects considerably the formation of seeds, as well as productivity and also the percentage of germination and seedling emergence, and is influenced by genotype.

scholarly journals Physical, Physiological and Sanitary Quality of Canola Seeds After the Application of Maturing Herbicides

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Thalita Pedrozo Pilla ◽  
Leandro Galon ◽  
Daiani Brandler ◽  
Felipe Bianchese ◽  
Rodrigo José Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Product Application ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
The One ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The use of herbicides to anticipate harvesting in species with easy seed dehiscence may be an alternative to avoid maturation losses. However, the appropriate time for herbicide application is extremely important as it prevents the seeds from remaining in the field for long periods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the application of maturing herbicides in two distinct seasons, and their effects on the physical, physiological, and sanitary quality of canola seeds. A randomized block experimental design arranged in a factorial scheme (herbicide x season + control) with four replications was used. Hybrid 50 canola plants were matured with the herbicides: glufosinate, paraquat, glyphosate, diquat, saflufenacil, 2,4-D, and paraquat + diuron twice during the crop cycle, G3 and G4, and two controls without application for each epoch, with the first being harvested the day of product application, and the second kept in the field until the final crop cycle. Analyses of one thousand seed weight, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index, and a sanity test were performed. The application of maturing herbicides to canola increases the one thousand seed weight and rate of emergence speed. At the same time, it increases electrical conductivity and the incidence of fungi. Plants that remained in the field until the end of the crop cycle and did not receive herbicide application resulted in higher quality seeds. The most appropriate moment to apply maturation herbicides to canola is in the G4 season.

scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing on Seed Yield, Yield Components and Seed Quality of Alfalfa

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Dragoljub Beković ◽  
Rade Stanisavljević ◽  
Milan Biberdžić ◽  
Slaviša Stojković ◽  
Jasmina Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Under agro-environmental conditions of Southern Serbia, the re­search was conducted over a three-year period to evaluate the effect of row spacing on seed yield, yield components and seed quality of alfalfa cv. ’K-23’. The average seed yield of alfalfa was highest at a row spacing of 40 cm (271.7 kg ha-1), followed by row spacing of 20 cm (249.4 kg ha-1) and 60 cm (244.0 kg ha-1). The highest and lowest number of inflo­rescences per stem were obtained in rows spaced 60 cm (13.37 inflo­rescences/stem) and 20 cm apart (8.57 inflorescences/stem), respectively. The widest row spacing of 60 cm (7.15 pods / inflorescence) resulted in the highest number of pods per inflorescence, whereas the lowest number was produced at 20 cm spacing (5.50 pods / inflorescence). Grain number per pod ranged from 3.55 (at 20 cm row spacing) to 4.05 (at 60 cm). The highest quality of alfalfa seed during the three years of the research was obtained at the widest row spacing (60 cm). Thousand-seed weight was highest at 60 cm and lowest at 20 cm (1.97 g and 2.07 g, respectively). The highest average values for seed germination rate were reported for 60 cm row spa­cing (88.00%) and the lowest for 20 cm row spacing (85.76 %).

scholarly journals Bioregulator application, agronomic efficiency, and quality of soybean seeds

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marizangela Rizzatti Ávila ◽  
Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Leandro Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Telmo Antônio Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
High Level

The application of vegetal bioregulators has shown promising results, mainly in cultures that have already reached a high level of technology. Based on this context an experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating agronomic traits of plants, such as yield and quality of seeds, produced by applying bioregulators to a soybean crop. For this purpose, the following treatments were carried out: before sowing - seed treatment (25, 50 and 75 mL for 100 kg-1 seeds); during sowing time - spraying on the sowing lines (pulverization onto the sowing lines) (50, 100 and 150 mL ha-1); between stages V5 and V6 (25, 50 and 75 mL ha-1); and the control - no treatment. Emergence speed, final seedling emergence, number of pods and seeds per plant, average height of plants, first pod insertion height, duration of the cycle, final stand, degree of plant layering, and the yield and weight of one thousand seeds were evaluated. The quality of seeds was evaluated based on germination, classification of seedling vigor, tetrazolium, health test and the quantity of oil and protein tests. The highest yield of grains, an increase of 92% as compared to the control, was obtained when using the product at a dose of 75 mL ha-1. The best quality seeds and the highest oil and protein content were obtained from seeds produced by plants whose seeds were treated before sowing time using the bioregulator (75 mL for 100 kg-1 seeds).

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