Germination and hardseedness of seeds in okra elite lines

The occurrence of hardseedness and the low percentage of seed germination are major challenges when growing okra. For this reason, five elite lines of okra developed at the Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC), three with angular pods (lines 8.1, 20.1.2 and 47.1) and two with cylindrical pods (lines 13.1.2 and 20.1.R), were evaluated for seed quality and compared to two commercial seed samples (Horticeres Sementes and Sakata Seed Sudamerica) of cultivar Santa Cruz 47. Seeds were field produced in an experiment set in the Technological Park of the Horticulture Center of IAC, in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in a randomized block design, with three replications and 20-plant plots. Fruits were harvested 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 days after anthesis (DAA). Seeds were extracted straight away and subjected to the standard germination test in the laboratory. Observing the results, we concluded that, as far as seed quality is concerned, angular pods must be harvested earlier than cylindrical pods, more precisely 45 DAA to the line 47.1 and 45 to 55 DAA for lines 8.1 and 20.1.2. Seeds extracted from angular fruits harvested after these periods had reduced germination and increased hardseedness. Seeds from cylindrical capsules had the same behavior of the commercial seeds of cultivar Santa Cruz 47, showing better germination when extracted from pods harvested between 55 and 75 DAA, and no hardseedness.

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Agronomical performance and profitability of exploitation systems in four rubber tree clones in São Paulo state

Bragantia ◽

10.1590/s0006-87052010000400009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 843-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Juliano Quarteroli Silva ◽

Paulo de Souza Gonçalves ◽

João Alexio Scarpare Filho ◽

Reginaldo Brito da Costa

Keyword(s):

Cultural Practices ◽

Block Design ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Production Costs ◽

Total Production ◽

São Paulo ◽

Paulo State ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

São Paulo State

The exploitation or tapping of the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell. Arg. is one of the most important cultural practices in determining useful life, yield and accounts for a major part of the total production costs in rubber farming. The objective of this work was to evaluate yield performance and economic aspects of rubber tree clones submitted to diverse tapping systems. The trial was placed in Guararapes city, São Paulo State, Brazil, in a randomized block design with split-plot in time. The plots consisted of the IAN 873, PR 261, RRI M 600 and RRI M 701 clones. The tapping systems consisted the subplots, where: ½S = tapping of half spiral cut; d/2, d/3, d/4, d/5 and d/7 = tapping every 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 days, respectively; 11 m/y = tapping during eleven months per year; ET = ethephon (stimulant); Pa = panel application; La = lace application; 8/y = eight applications per year. The five experimental years were the sub-subplots and the ½S d/2 system was used as control. The analyzed variables were girth, dry rubber yield, tapping panel dryness and economic profitability. The ½S d/3 ET 2.5% and ½S d/4 ET 2.5% tapping systems provide the highest yield and profitability per hectare per year for the RRI M 600 and PR 261 clones. For the IAN 873 and RRI M 701 clones the yield superiority occurs in high tapping frequency; however the best profitability is obtained in the ½S d/7.ET 2.5% system.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL AND CONSERVATION OF MURUCI (Byrsonima crassifolia) SEEDS

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017475 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

Author(s):

CAMILA RIBEIRO DE SOUZA GRZYBOWSKI ◽

WALNICE MARIA OLIVEIRA DO NASCIMENTO ◽

ROSEMEIRE CARVALHO DA SILVA ◽

ELISA SERRA NEGRA VIEIRA ◽

MARISTELA PANOBIANCO

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Germination Test ◽

Byrsonima Crassifolia ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Mother Plants ◽

Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT The goal of the present study is to assess the physiological potential of Byrsonima crassifoliaseeds and analyze the procedures of the germination and tetrazolium tests, as well as the conservation of such seeds by testing different combinations of packaging and environment. The experiment used pyrenes of the clone Açu, collected from mother plants in the germplasm collection of muruci plants of Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, in Belém, Brazil. Different temperatures were tested in the germination test (25, 30, 35 and 20 - 30 ºC). The best methodology and assessment dates were determined for the test, and the seedlings of the species were characterized. Viability was assessed with the tetrazolium test, with combinations of hydration methods (by immersion and between paper towels), staining periods (3 and 4 h) and concentrations of tetrazolium solution (0.5, 0.7 and 1.0%). Storage of muruci pyrenes was evaluated at three, six and twelve months, in polyethylene and Kraft paper bags, under dry chamber and refrigerator conditions. The study used a randomized block design with four replicates. The data underwent analysis of variance. In conclusion, the physiological potential of seeds of B. crassifoliacan be assessed by the germination test conducted in sand, with alternating temperatures of 20-30 ºC, or with the use of the tetrazolium test (with staining for three hours in the tetrazolium solution at 1.0%) as a rapid assessment of viability. Muruci pyrenes can be kept in polythene or paper Kraft bags for up to 12 months, in a dry chamber at 16 ºC and with relative air humidity of 50 to 60%.

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Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000200019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽

Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽

Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽

Thaís de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

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Phenotypic stability and genetic gains in six-year girth growth of Hevea clones

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x1999000700015 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 1223-1232 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paulo de Souza Gonçalves ◽

Alberto Kazutoshi Fujihara ◽

Altino Aldo Ortolani ◽

Ondino Cleante Bataglia ◽

Nelson Bortoletto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Block Design ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Phenotypic Stability ◽

Plateau Region ◽

Genetic Gains ◽

Paulo State ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Clonal Variance

Rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Müell. Arg.] budgrafts of seven clones were evaluated on five contrasting sites in the plateau region of the São Paulo State, Brazil. The objective of this work was to study the phenotypic stability for girth growth. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications and seven treatments. Analysis of variance of girth at six-year plant growth indicated a highly significant clone x site interaction. Only linear sites and clone x site components of clone x year interaction were significant, indicating that the performance of clones over sites for this trait could be predicted. The clones GT 1 and PB 235 showed the greatest stability in relation to girth growth, with foreseen responses to change, introduced in the sites. The clones PB 235 and IAN 873 showed significative difference in relation to regression coefficient, representing clones with specific adaptability on favorable and unfavorable sites respectively. The clone GT 1 became the most promissory one in the study of stability and adaptability even showing low girth growth. Expected genetic gains from planting sites, along with estimates of clonal variance and repeatability of clonal means are generally greatest or close to the greatest when selection is done at the same site.

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CRESCIMENTO E TROCAS GASOSAS DE PORTA-ENXERTOS DE CITROS EM SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO ALTERNATIVO

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2016v1n1p166-180 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 166

Author(s):

Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito ◽

Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽

Luderlândio De Andrade Silva ◽

Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira ◽

Francisco Hevilásio Freire Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽

Block Design ◽

Poncirus Trifoliata ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Morphological Development ◽

Santa Cruz ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

E Mail ◽

Citrus Spp

CRESCIMENTO E TROCAS GASOSAS DE PORTA-ENXERTOS DE CITROS EM SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO ALTERNATIVO MARCOS ERIC BARBOSA BRITO1; FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ2; LUDERLANDIO DE ANDRADE SILVA3; ROMULO CARANTINO LUCENA MOREIRA4; FRANCISCO HEVILASIO FREIRE PEREIRA1 E WALTER DOS SANTOS SOARES FILHO5 1 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor da Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, PB. E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola, Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Mestrando em Horticultura Tropical, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, PB. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Mestrando em Sistemas Agroindustriais, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, PB. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Pesquisador da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, BA. E-mail: [email protected] 1 RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a morfofisiologia de genótipos de citros recomendados como porta-enxertos, em sistema hidropônico alternativo, a partir de vasos de Leonard a base de garrafa pets. O experimento foi desenvolvido em ambiente protegido, sendo estudados treze genótipos de citros [1 – Hibrido Trifoliado (HTR)-127; 2– Tangerineira ‘Sunki Comum’ (TSKC) x Citrange Argentino (CTARG)-019, 3– TSKC; 4 – Limoeiro Rugoso da Flórida (LRF); 5 - limoeiro ‘Cravo’ (LCR) x Poncirus trifoliata (TR) - 001; 6 – TSKC x Citrumelo Swingle (CTSW)-028; 7 - TSKC x CTSW-033; 8 - TSKC x CTSW-041; 9 - TSKC x (LCR x TR)-040; 10–HTR-116; 11 - limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’ (LCRSTC); 12 - limoeiro ‘Volkameriano’ (LVK) e 13 - HTR–069], em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e quatro plantas úteis por parcela. As plantas foram cultivadas em sistema hidropônico alternativo, a partir de um sistema de vasos de Leonard confeccionados com garrafas de polyethylene terephthalate (PET) e distribuição gravitacional da solução de Hogland® em fluxo contínuo, sendo as garrafas preenchidas com substrato comercial a base de pó de coco e as plantas cultivadas até os 75 dias após semeadura, quando se avaliou aspectos de crescimento e as trocas gasosas das plantas. O sistema hidropônico alternativo com uso de vasos de Leonard pode ser usado para o desenvolvimento morfofisiológico de mudas cítricas; Os genótipos TSKC x CTARG– 019, LRF, TSKC x (LCR x TR) – 040, LCRSTC, LVK e HTR – 069 possuem maiores potenciais fisiológicos e de crescimento vegetativo, sendo indicados para obtenção de mudas mais precoces. Palavras-chave: Citrus spp.; mudas; hidroponia. BRITO, M.E.B.; SÁ, F.V.S.; SILVA, L.A.; MOREIRA, R.C.L.; PEREIRA, F.H.F.; SOARES FILHO, W.S.CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS FORMATION ON ALTERNATIVE HYDROPONIC SYSTEM USING LEONARD POTS 2 ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the morphological development from citrus genotypes with potential to rootstock, on alternative hydroponic system from Leonard pots made with pets pots. An experiment was realized in greenhouse. It were studied thirteen genotypes of citrus (1- HTR-127; 2- TSKC x CTARG-019; 3- TSKC; 4- LRF; 5- LCR x TR-001; 6 - TSKC x CTSW-028; 7- TSKC x CTSW–033; 8- TSKC x CTSW-041; 9- TSKC x (LCR x TR)- 040; 10- HTR-116; 11- LCRSTC; 12- LVK and 13- HTR-069), in a randomized block design, with four replications and four plants by parcel, crop on alternative hydroponically system using Leonard’s pots made with polyethylene terephthalate (PET), being the Hoagland’s solution distributed by gravitation in continuous rate, in west coconut, being plants cultivated for 75 days after sowing, when it was evaluated the growth and gas exchange aspects. The alternative hydroponic system with use of Leonard pots can be used for morphophysiological development of citrus seedlings; The genotypes TSKC x CTARG– 019, LRF, TSKC x (LCRxTR) – 040, LCRSTC, LVK e HTR – 069 have greater physiological and of vegetative growth potential, being suitable for obtaining early seedlings. Keywords: Citrus spp.; seeds propagation; hydroponics.

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Response of growth and yield of two soybean varieties to seed pre-treatment applications

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/883/1/012052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 883 (1) ◽

pp. 012052

Author(s):

N Herawati ◽

A R Aisah ◽

I Mardian ◽

B N Hidayah ◽

B T R Erawati

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Agronomic Crops ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Four Levels

Abstract Plant growth is influenced by seed quality. Seeds need to be treated to prevent pest and disease disorders or to increase seed germination. Soybean planting was carried out in this study by the treatment of varieties and seed pre-treatment application before planting. The study aimed to measure the growth and yield of soybeans by varieties and seed treatment before planting, carried out in the Village of Nggembe, District of Bolo, Bima Regency. The study used factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was soybean varieties consisting of two levels, namely Devon and Dena varieties, and the second factor was the application of pre-planting seed treatments consisting of four levels namely Cruiser, Marshall, Agrisoy, and without seed treatment, each treatment was repeated three times. Observations were made on the performance of agronomic crops and soybean yields. The results showed that the treatment of soybean varieties and the application of seed treatment had a significant influence on plant height and soybean productivity, and both treatments had interactions on parameters of plant height, number of filled pods, weight of 100 seeds, and soybean productivity with the best results successively produced by a combination of Devon-Control, Devon-Marshall, Devon-Agrisoy, and Dena-Cruiser.

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Effect of sucker weight and seedling site on the growth of sago seedlings (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) in Papua

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/924/1/012085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 924 (1) ◽

pp. 012085

Author(s):

A Soplanit ◽

M K Rumbarar ◽

P Beding

Keyword(s):

Factorial Design ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Survival ◽

Block Design ◽

Factor B ◽

G Factor ◽

Primary Roots ◽

Randomized Block Design

Abstract This study aims to obtain sucker weight and appropriate seedling site as a source of sago seeds by using seedling techniques in polybags to improve seed quality on sago cultivation. The experiment used a factorial design arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Factor A, namely sucker weight, consisted of <999 g, 1000-1499 g, 1500-1999 g and > 2000 g. Factor B is the seedling site, consisting of laying seeds in the field, greenhouse and paranet of 60%. The results of the study showed that there was no interaction between the sucker weight combined with the seedling site, but the sucker weight had a significant effect on the number of rachis and the number of primary roots per plant and the percentage of life seedlings. Higher rachis growth was 3.8 obtained from medium-sized sucker weights (1000-1499 g and 1500-1999 g) and the highest number of primary roots was 41.3. It is obtained at sucker weights of 1000-1499 g. Meanwhile, the higher percentage of seedling survival was obtained at medium to large sucker weights of 66.3-71.0%. Thus, multiplication of sago seeds using medium-sized sucker on polybag media is highly suggested.

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Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds after desiccation with different herbicides

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n3172506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 254-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fábio Henrique Krenchinski ◽

Victor José Salomão Cesco ◽

Danilo Morilha Rodrigues ◽

Vinicius Gabriel Caneppele Pereira ◽

Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Wheat Seeds

Abstract: Some desiccation techniques for harvesting wheat may affect seed quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different desiccant herbicides applied to the wheat crop and their effects on the production and seed quality. The experiment was conducted with cultivar COODETEC 150 (CD 150) in two sites in Palotina (Paraná state, Brazil) with a randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments (desiccation herbicides) and 4 replications. Desiccation was realized when 50% of the plants were in stage 80 with seeds in powdery or mass consistency. The variables analyzed were percentage of moisture content after harvest, Yield, hectoliter weight, mass of 100 seeds, vigor, germination, fresh mass of seedlings, dry mass of seedlings and root length. The herbicides carfentrazone-ethyl and clethodim were the ones that promoted greatest reduction in vigor. The herbicide paraquat caused reduction in seedling length. There was a reduction in the mass of 100 seeds for glufosinate-ammonium, clethodim, diquat and carfentrazone-ethyl. Glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim and diquat caused reduction in yield. Desiccation of Cultivar CD 150 at stage 80 is not recommended, since plant Yield and physiological seed parameters were adversely affected by herbicides.

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Harvest delay, storage and physiological quality of soybean seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n4222413 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 506-513

Author(s):

Rafael Vergara ◽

Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da Silva ◽

Arieli Paula Nadal ◽

Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽

Tiago Zanatta Aumonde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Local Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Harvest Delay

Abstract: Soybean is one of the leading commodities in Brazilian agribusiness. Its cultivation is widespread in different seed-producing regions of the country, where it generates income and local development. In this context, the soybean seed is a fundamental input, as its quality strongly influences the success of the crop. However, the period after the achievement of physiological maturity is critical for the maintenance of seed quality. For that reason, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of harvest delay on both the initial and final qualities of soybean seeds. The research consisted of four harvest times, in which the initial quality was assessed through tests of first germination count, germination, accelerated aging and tetrazolium. After 120 days of storage, the germination and accelerated aging tests were once again conducted. The experiment complied with a completely randomized block design with eight replications. The rainfall was monitored during the pre-harvest phase. All variables experienced negative impacts due to the delay in harvesting. Also, the seeds suffered more damage as the delay progressed, and the variables germination and seed vigor decreased after the storage period.

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Investigation of the Biodynamic Commands Use Effect on Mucilage Content and Germination Behavior in Three Ecotypes of Basil (Ocimum Sp.)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.73.36 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 36-46

Author(s):

Mozhgan Sabet Teimouri

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Block Design ◽

Aromatic Plants ◽

New Science ◽

Local Type ◽

The Earth ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

And Control ◽

Biodynamic Agriculture

One of the most popular and useable of Aromatic plants are kinds of Basilica (Ocimumsp., Lamiaceae). This genius has different characteristics in behavior germination. Biodynamic agriculture is a new science in the research and especially, the position of stars and planet relative to each other, position of moon around the earth and seasonal change and Solar and lunar eclipses. We must to demonstrative of this theory. In this experiment, we want to record the effect of based on two calendars (biodynamic and Astronomic) on 3 ecotype of Basilica seed germination. The based on this experiment randomized block design with 3 replications. We use 50 seeds in Falcon tube (value=15ml) and record the weight and value of seed in tube. Then added 5ml of water in tube and shacked after moisturized and control and record of Mucilage value and another behavior of seed germination in lab condition. Results showed that different position of some planets such as moon and Mars and Jupiter had the highest effect, positive and significant effect on mucilage percent (p>95%), germination speed and length of root. Therefore, we could be express the lunar position had the highest effect on root length of local type and the lowest effect on purple basil. Mucilage percentage of seed coat in green basil had the highest content relative to another ecotype and this content was significant (p>95%). Then, the best suggest for produce of mucilage from the basil seeds, the best time is the first quadrature of moon.

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