scholarly journals Mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Brazil during the years 2000 and 2001: results of a multi-centric study

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S379-S389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Célia de Menezes Succi
Keyword(s):  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocyte ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Mother To Child

The objective of this study was to assess mother-to-child transmission rates of HIV in Brazil during the years 2000 and 2001, and to identify the maternal and neonatal variables that were associated with this transmission. It was a cross-sectional, observational study with retrospective data obtained from patient medical records. The children were followed at 63 medical sites situated in five geographical macro-regions of the country (20 States and the Federal Capital). Children enrolled were those that were born of HIV-infected mothers and it was necessary for the mothers to present documented proof of HIV-infection before or during pregnancy, at time of delivery or in the first three months after delivery. There were 2,924 children enrolled and mother-to-child transmission rates of HIV were 8.6% (95%CI: 7.2-10.2) for the year 2000 and 7.1% (95%CI: 5.8-8.6) for the year 2001. The following variables were associated with lower mother-to-child transmission rates of HIV: elective cesarean section, diagnosis of mother's infection before or during pregnancy, access to HIV viral load and T CD4+ lymphocyte count during prenatal care, greater birth weight and avoidance of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Gambaran Minat Ibu Hamil dalam Mengikuti Program Preventation of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) di Kelurahan Tanjung Uma Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Baja

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Mona Rahayu Putri
Keyword(s):  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother To Child

Penyebaran HIV dan AIDS di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun menunjukan peningkatan yang cepat. Jumlah kasus HIV sampai dengan mei 2017 sebanyak 103.759 dan AIDS sebanyak 43.347, dengan kematian sebanyak 8.340. dengan peningkatan kasus yang sangat besar tersebut maka WHO mengingatkan Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara Asia tercepat dalam hal peningkatan populasi HIV dan AIDS. (Kemenkes RI, 2015). Ibu hamil merupakan kelompok beresiko tertular HIV yang berdampak pada bayi yang dikandungnya seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah laki-laki yang melakukan hubungan seksual tidak aman atau beresiko, yang selanjutnya akan menularkan pada pasangannya (istrinya)Dari data yang didapat dari 5.138 ibu hamil yang konseling dan test HIV, ada 32 yang positif HIV dan 15 AIDS, serta ada 19 bayi yang lahir dari ibu dengan HIV positif. Secara keseluruhan, penderita HIV di Kota Batam tahun 2017 mencapai 1038. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui minat ibu hamil dalam memanfaatkan program PMTCT. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian survey yang bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Besar sampel yaitu 100 ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Baja. Alat pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Dari penelitian didapatkan minat ibu hamil dalam mengikuti program Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) sebagian besar berada pada kategori berminat sebanyak 70 ibu hamil (70%) sedangkan tidak berminat 30 ibu hamil (30%). Untuk mengatasi masalah ini diharapkan kepada tenaga kesehatan untuk memberikan informasi ataupun penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan PMTCT kepada Ibu hamil.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HIV/AIDS AND MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION ISSUES AMONG WOMEN SEEKING ANTENATAL CARE IN VIMSAR, BURLA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Shilpa Karir ◽  
Dr. Smita Kumari Panda ◽  
Dr. Sadhu Charan Panda
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Aids

Globally, around 34 million people are living with HIV in 2010, and 35% of the pregnant women are tested for HIV in the low and middle income countries. HIV infection in pregnancy has become a complication of pregnancy in some developing countries. This has major implications for the management of pregnancy and birth. A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2018 – February 2019 in tertiary care hospital, VIMSAR Burla . The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge about HIV/AIDS and mother to child transmission issues among women seeking antenatal care and visiting ICTC. A sample of 150 pregnant females was used to accomplish the study. A pre- tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather information on the study variables. The questionnaire included variables related socio-demographics e.g., age, education status, occupation, residence, awareness about HIV/AIDS. The study reflected that 83.4% of the women had heard of the term HIV/AIDS which reflects a relatively high level of awareness about the term but subsequently dropping levels of awareness about the routes of transmission, laboratory diagnosis and the availability of drugs. Only 45.3% of the respondents were aware of ICTC. 42.7% were aware about mother to child transmission of HIV and only 32% were aware of anti-retro viral therapy for newborn. Keywords: HIV, ICTC, Antenatal

scholarly journals An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra J. Jackson ◽  
Thu-Ha Dinh ◽  
Carl J. Lombard ◽  
Gayle G. Sherman ◽  
Ameena E. Goga
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother To Child

Abstract Background Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV is a global public health target. Robust, feasible methodologies to measure population level impact of programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) are needed in high HIV prevalence settings. We present a summary of the protocol of the South African PMTCT Evaluation (SAPMTCTE) with its revision over three repeated rounds of the survey, 2010–2014. Methods Three cross sectional surveys (2010, 2011–2012 and 2012–2013) were conducted in 580 primary health care immunisation service points randomly selected after stratified multistage probability proportional to size sampling. All infants aged 4–8 weeks receiving their six-week immunisation at a sampled facility on the day of the visit were eligible to participate. Trained research nurses conducted interviews and took infant dried blood spot (iDBS) samples for HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and total nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Interviews were conducted using mobile phones and iDBS were sent to the National Health Laboratory for testing. All findings were adjusted for study design, non-response, and weighted for number of South African live-birth in each study round. In 2012 a national closed cohort of these 4 to 8-week old infants testing EIA positive (HIV Exposed Infants) from the 2012–2013 cross-sectional survey was established to estimate longer-term PMTCT impact to 18 months. Follow-up analyses were to estimate weighted cumulative MTCT until 18 months, postnatal MTCT from 6 weeks until 18 months and a combined outcome of MTCT-or-death, using a competing risks model, with death as a competing risk. HIV-free survival was defined as a child surviving and HIV-negative up to 18 months or last visit seen. A weighted cumulative incidence analysis was conducted, adjusting for survey design effects. Discussion In the absence of robust high-quality routine medical recording systems, in the context of a generalised HIV epidemic, national surveys can be used to monitor PMTCT effectiveness; however, monitoring long-term outcomes nationally is difficult due to poor retention in care.

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