Infestation by Enneothrips flavens Moulton and yield of peanut cultivars

Because of damages caused, general occurrence in crops, and high population levels, the most important peanut pest in Brazil is the thrips Enneothrips flavens Moulton (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). A field experiment was carried out during the 2001/2002 growing season, in Campinas and Pindorama, State of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the influence of E. flavens on yield of six peanut cultivars. Treatments comprised three cultivars of the upright type and three of the runner type, with and without chemical control of the insect. Thrips infestation was evaluated by insect countings on young leaflets. Yield and yield reduction percentage due to the lack of thrips control were estimated. The lack of insect control resulted in yield reductions varying from 19.5 to 62.7%, depending on the level of infestation, cultivars, and location. Runner cultivar IAC Caiapo, presented the lowest yield reductions in both locations (19.5 and 28.7%), even when exposed to thrips infestation for a longer period because of its longer cycle. This fact characterizes 'IAC Caiapo' as resistant to E. flavens.

Download Full-text

PRODUCTIVE AND MORPH-PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PEANUT CULTIVARS

Ipê Agronomic Journal ◽

10.37951/2595-6906.2021v5i1.6511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽

Matheus Luis Oliveira Cunha ◽

Fernando Takayuki Nakayama ◽

Ignácio José de Godoy ◽

Rodrigo Aparecido Vitorino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

São Paulo ◽

Productive Potential ◽

Peanut Cultivars

Studies of adaptability, agronomic characterization and productive potential of peanuts, including information on morphophysiological characteristics, make it a strategy for choosing the best cultivar. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to verify the physiological characteristics and productivity of different peanut cultivars. In January of 2019 an experiment was installed in the Paulista Agribusiness Technology Agency, Regional Paulista Regional Camp, located in the municipality of Adamantina, state of São Paulo. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six treatments, that is, peanut cultivars: Tatu, Semper Verde, OL3, OL5, 503 and 505 and with six replications totaling 36 plots, where each plot was composed of three plants. The Tatu cultivar showed low values of morphological characteristics and productivity compared to other cultivars. The cultivars OL3, OL5, 503 and 505 showed higher averages of productivity. Great genetic variability was observed among the cultivars evaluated in this research due to the results obtained in the physiological and productivity variables.

Download Full-text

Review about mites (Acari) of rubber trees (Hevea spp., Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032006000100005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Fábio Akashi Hernandes ◽

Reinaldo José Fazzio Feres

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Nominal Species ◽

São Paulo ◽

Phytophagous Mites ◽

The Family ◽

Latex Yield ◽

Made In

Two of the most economically important superfamilies of phytophagous mites are Tetranychoidea and Eriophyoidea, which have species represented in rubber trees in Brazil. In this paper we review the literature concerning the mite fauna registered on rubber trees in that country. The source was the information available on literature, but also data from exploratory samplings in Goianésia, State of Goiás, and from a triennial survey with monthly samplings in Cedral, State of São Paulo. Among the phytophagous mites the most important and abundant species were Calacarus heveae and Tenuipalpus heveae. Seven of the nominal species reported belong to the family Tetranychidae. Eutetranychus banksi and Oligonychus gossypii were very numerous in several crops studied, although with no evident damage to the leaves caused by the former. The richest family was Phytoseiidae (27 species). Other rich and numerous family with predatory species was Stigmaeidae (10). The study of mites associated with rubber trees was triggered after the discovery of Calacarus heveae, after what several works arose in order to understand the seasonal occurrence of mites on that culture, their biology, chemical control and influence of associated vegetation. Not surprisingly, most surveys were made in the State of São Paulo, which responds to up to 60% of the national latex yield. Whereas in some rubber tree crops there were made seasonal samplings, most of the surveys had only few isolated samplings.

Download Full-text

Germination of seeds from herbaceous plants artificially stored in cerrado soil

Revista Brasileira de Biologia ◽

10.1590/s0034-71081999000200011 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 271-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R. M. SASSAKI ◽

J. N. RONDON ◽

L. B. P. ZAIDAN ◽

G. M. FELIPPE

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Seed Bank ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Herbaceous Plants ◽

Herbaceous Species ◽

São Paulo ◽

Long Period ◽

Number Of Seeds

The germination of three cerrado herbaceous species: Bidens gardneri, Vernonia herbacea (Asteraceae) and Psychotria barbiflora (Rubiaceae) was studied using seeds stored in cerrado soil and in refrigerator at 4°C. The field experiment was carried out at a preserved area of cerrado, the Reserva Biológica e Estação Experimental de Mogi-Guaçu, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The soil was collected in the same cerrado where the experiment was carried out. The achenes of Bidens gardneri are light sensitive, but this sensitivity disappeared when the achenes were stored in soil. With 3 months storage in cerrado soil no differences in germination in light or darkness were detected. The number of intact achenes retrieved from storage in soil decreased with increasing time of storage. A large number of seeds had already germinated during the 3 months storage in soil. The longevity of seeds of this species stored for nearly 10 years at 4°C was checked: the achenes were viable for a long period of time but less than 10 years. Intact achenes of Vernonia herbacea could be retrieved from the soil only with 1 month storage. Germination was always very low and only 15% of the achenes possessed embryos. The number of intact seeds of Psychotria barbiflora decreased the longer the period of storage in soil. Germination of seeds stored at 4°C or in the soil was always very low. From the germination studies of stored seeds in cerrado it can be concluded that Vernonia herbacea does not form a seed bank and Bidens gardneri and Psychotria barbiflora may form a temporary seed bank in cerrado.

Download Full-text

Resistance to Race T2 of the Bacterial Spot Pathogen in Tomato

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.621e ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 621e-621

Author(s):

J.W. Scott ◽

S.A. Miller ◽

R.E. Stall ◽

J.B. Jones ◽

G.C. Somodi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Partial Resistance ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Bacterial Spot ◽

First Report ◽

Susceptible Control ◽

Greenhouse Tests

Thirty-three tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) or L. pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill. accessions were inoculated with race T2 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) in a field experiment at Wooster, Ohio, in Summer 1995. These included accessions selected for race T2 resistance in greenhouse tests in Florida, and accessions from Hawaii, Brazil, and Bulgaria. One L. esculentum (PI 114490-1-1) and three L. pimpinellifolium (PI 340905-S1, PI 128216-T2, and LA 442-1-BK) accessions had no Xcv symptoms. This is the first report of resistance to Xcv race T2. Partial resistance was found in PI 271385, PI 79532-S1, PI 155372-S1, PI 195002, and PI 126428. Most of the 33 genotypes were tested for race T1 resistance in Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil in summer 1993. Hawaii 7983, PI 155372-S1, PI 114490, PI 114490-S1, and PI 262173 had greater resistance to T1 than the susceptible control `Solar Set'. Comparisons with earlier experiments in which accessions were inoculated with race T1 or T3 indicated that the most consistent source of resistance to all three races was PI 114490 or selections from it.

Download Full-text

ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO PLANTIO DE CROTALÁRIA (Crotalariajuncea L.) PARA PRODUÇÃO DE SEMENTES EM ÁREAS DE REFORMA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

REVISTA FUNEC CIENTÍFICA - MULTIDISCIPLINAR - ISSN 2318-5287 ◽

10.24980/rfcm.v9i11.3520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Adriano BOSCOLO ◽

Welton da Silva SOARES ◽

Jaqueline Bonfim de CARVALHO ◽

Camila Fernandes F. APARECIDO

Keyword(s):

Operating Cost ◽

Rest Period ◽

Growing Season ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Production Costs ◽

Economic Viability ◽

São Paulo ◽

Paulo State ◽

Productive Potential ◽

The One

A cultura da cana-de-açúcar possui destaque em cenário nacional, principalmente no Estado de São Paulo, sendo de grande utilização à prática de plantio de leguminosas para período de descanso nas áreas de cultivo da cultura. Diante da necessidade de alcançar maiores índices de produtividade e redução de custo, é necessário buscar alternativas de consorciamento de culturas, a fim de quebrar o ciclo de pragas e doenças e também produzir efeitos que ocorrem naturalmente e causando benefícios ao solo. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho é de avaliar o custo de produção da Crotalariajuncea L., analisando a viabilidade para produção de sementes, em áreas de descanso de cana-de-açúcar no município de Ilha Solteira, SP. Foram calculados os custos operacionais totais e índices de lucratividade para a cultura da Crotálariajuncea L. O Custo operacional total (COT) é R$ 3.078,09 por hectare. Dentro dos custos analisados, o que mais onerou o COT foi a colheita, correspondendo a 19,49%. O índice de lucratividade foi negativo de 58%, fato atribuído à extensão do período vegetativo da planta, que não mostra todo seu potencial produtivo e, consequentemente, não cobre os custos de produção do presente estudo. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CROTALARIA (Crotalariajuncea L.) PLANTING FOR SEED PRODUCTION IN SUGARCANE REFORM AREAS ABSTRACT Sugarcane crops have been evidenced in the national scenario, mainly in São Paulo State, it is highly used leguminous plants during the rest period in areas where those crops are cultivated. In view of the need to reach higher productivity indexes and save costs, it is crucial to search for alternatives for companion planting, in order to break the cycle of plagues and diseases as well as reducing the effects naturally caused by them and in addition to benefiting the soil. Accordingly, this paper aims to review the Crotalariajuncea L. production costs, considering the seeds production viability, in sugarcane resting areas in the municipality of Ilha solteira, SP. The total operating cost and profit rates for Crotálariajuncea L. crops were calculated. The total operating cost (TOC) is R$ 3.078,09 per hectare. Within the budget, the harvest was the one that encumbered it the most, corresponding to 19,49%. The profit index was 58% negative, which could be attributed to the fact of the extension of the growing season of the plant, which does not reveal all its productive potential and, consequently, does not cover the production costs of the present research. Keywords: Costs. Profit Index. Economic Viability. Cover Plants.

Download Full-text

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000222 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 5-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Daniel Hideki Bando ◽

Fernando Madalena Volpe

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Total Sample ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

São Paulo ◽

Health Statistics ◽

Males And Females ◽

June July ◽

The City ◽

Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

Download Full-text