scholarly journals Effect of different culture tube caps and concentrations of activated charcoal and sucrose on in vitro growth and budding induction of Annona glabra L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Ana Valéria de Souza ◽  
Lenaldo Muniz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Pvc Film ◽  
Annona Glabra ◽  
In Vitro Induction

The present work evaluated the effects of different types of culture flask seals and varying concentrations of sucrose and activated charcoal on the in vitro induction and growth of buds of Annona glabra L.; an edible fruit-producing species popularly known as "araticum". Nodal segments obtained from A. glabra plants maintained in green houses were surface sterilized and inoculated into a WPM culture medium solidified with 7 g L-1 of agar and supplemented with sucrose (0.00; 29.21; 58.63 and 116.84 mM), activated charcoal (0.0 and 2.0 g L-1), and 250 mg L-1 benomyl. In addition to the varying concentrations of sucrose and activated charcoal, we evaluated the efficiency of two types of test tube seals: PVC film, and cotton plugs. All possible combinations of caps and nutrient media were tested with 4 repetitions with 5 tubes each, evaluating the number of buds, the percentage of explant responses, the number of expanded leaves per bud, the length of the largest leaves, leaf abscission, and the length and dry weight of the buds. The type of seal influenced organogenesis in nodal segments of A. glabra, and no bud induction was observed in the absence of sucrose. The largest number of expanded leaves were obtained when 58.42 mM of sucrose was used in tubes sealed with cotton plugs, and leaf abscission was halved in the presence of activated charcoal. The greatest bud length and dry weight were obtained in tubes sealed with cotton plugs and in the presence of activated charcoal.

scholarly journals Effect of different carbon sources on the in vitro multiplication of Annona sp.

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Ana Valéria de Souza ◽  
Lenaldo Muniz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Annona Glabra

The Annonaceae family comprises approximately 2.300 species, some with significant commercial value. Although commercial plantations have suffered due to problems related to seedling production. As micropropagation is a viable technique for seedling production, the present work evaluated the effects of different carbon sources on in vitro bud induction in five Annonaceae species. Nodal segments obtained from plants of the Annona glabra, A. cauliflora, A. coriacea, A. bahiensis and Rollinia silvatica species were inoculated into solid WPM culture medium with 8.87 μM BAP, 0.86 mM of benomyl, and 87.64 mM of the following carbon sources: glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, sorbitol and maltose. We evaluated the buds number, the length and weight of the largest bud, the number of expanded leaves per bud, the length of the largest leaf and the dry matter of the buds. No significant difference was observed among the different carbon sources used in terms of the number of produced buds; however, the length of the largest bud, the number of expanded leaves, the length of the largest leaf, and dry weight of the buds presented significant difference according to the studied speciesas well as the carbon sources used, with the lowest value being obtained with sorbitol. The results obtained here indicated that, except for sorbitol, any of the carbohydrates tested could be used in the in vitro multiplication protocols for A. bahiensis, A. cauliflora, A. coriacea, A. glabra and R. silvatica.

scholarly journals In vitro cultivation of Tamarindus indica L.: explants obtention and contamination in culture medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Antonio Flávio Arruda Ferreira ◽  
Laís Naiara Honorato Monteiro ◽  
Maria Gabriela Fontanetti Rodrigues ◽  
Natália Batista Oliveira ◽  
Aparecida Conceição Boliani
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Sexual Propagation

The tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica L.) is a common tree in tropical countries with a great exploitation potential due to its high nutritional value and important pharmaceutical characteristics, justifying its potential as a promising crop. The scarcity of scientific studies of the species, especially on propagation, hinders its availability and, consequently, the supply of the product in the market. The aim of this study was to verify the obtainment of nodal segments via sexual propagation and the in vitro establishment of sweet tamarind in MS culture medium (25, 50, 75 and 100% of salts) and with or without activated charcoal (2 g.L-1). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme (presence and absence of activated carbon x salt concentrations), with 25 replicates, each replicate consisting of a test tube with an inoculated explant. According to the results, it is possible to conclude that from seedlings with 45 days after sowing, nodal segments of sweet tamarind are obtained for in vitro establishment. As a precursor of protocol for in vitro formation of healthy seedlings is indicated the use of MS culture medium with 75 % of the salts and added with 2 gL-1 of activated charcoal to reduce the contamination index.

scholarly journals Types and concentrations of cytokinins in the micropropagation of Anthurium maricense

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Cecília Moreira Serafim ◽  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Priscila Bezerra Dos Santos Melo ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Faced with the demand for plants potted for their foliage, Anthurium maricense is seen as a viable option. However, most of the studies on obtaining micropropagated plantlets are for A. andraeanum, with nothing yet reported for A. maricense. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the effect of four cytokinins in different concentrations, on the in vitro induction of shoots from nodal segments of A. maricense. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four cytokinins (BAP, ZEA, CIN and 2iP) and 4 concentrations (0, 2.22, 4.44 and 6.66 μM), for a total of 16 treatments, with 6 replications of five test tubes, and using one nodal segment. Cultures were kept in a growth room at 25 ± 2°C, a photoperiod of 16 h and a light intensity of 30 μmolm-2 s-1 for 60 days. After this period, the number of shoots formed per node was evaluated. The addition of a cytokinin to the culture medium was determinant for the in vitro regeneration of shoots in A. maricense. The greatest estimated number of shoot formations in A. maricense were obtained in the culture media containing ZEA (3.87) and BAP (3.30), both at concentration of 6.66 μM.

Influence of flask sealing and activated charcoal on the morphogenesis and leaf anatomy of Annona glabra (Annonaceae) cultured in vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Lenaldo Muniz de Oliveira ◽  
Flávia Dionísio Pereira ◽  
Daniela Garcia Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Annona Glabra

scholarly journals In vitro Plantlets Regeneration from Nodal Segments of Murici (Byrsonima gardneriana)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Francisca S. Sá ◽  
Jorge M. P. Porto ◽  
Alone L. Brito ◽  
José R. F. Santana ◽  
Rafaeli A. V. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation

This study aimed to develop efficient protocols for the in vitro micropropagation of Byrsonima gardneriana. Nodal segments were obtained from seedlings germinated in vitro with 60 days of life. These were inoculated in MS/2 supplemented with 87.64 µM of sucrose and solidified with 0.7% of agar, supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (0.0; 2.0; 4.0 and 8.0 µM) associated with different concentrations of auxin, indole acetic acid (0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 µM) and naphthaleneacetic acid (0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 µM). The sprouting were individualized and transferred to MS/2 cultures with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (0.0; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 µM), and presence and absence of activated charcoal (1.0 g L-1). The use of concentrations from 2.0 to 4.0 µM 6-benzylaminopurine was efficient in the multiplication of B. gardneriana, given that, using concentrations above these, a decrease in this efficiency occurs. The use of auxin interfered negatively with the results. In vitro rooting occurs even in medium free of auxin. The activated charcoal was insufficient for rooting. The use of growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine and indole butyric acid are efficient in micropropagation of B. gardneriana, however, further studies should be performed to optimize this protocol.

scholarly journals Clonal Propagation of Rhynchostylis retusa (Lin.) Blume through in vitro Culture and their Establishment in the Nursery

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Pinaki Sinha ◽  
Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nursery Plant ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Repeated Subculture

For high frequency regeneration of Rhyncnostylis retusa (Lin.) Blume apical nodal segments were used. Half strength MS + 2% sucrose + 1.5 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) coconut water (CW) + 0.5 g/l activated charcoal (AC) was the best nutrient medium, on which 89% cultures induced 8 microshoots per culture. Subculture of microshoots for further 8 weeks on the same nutrient medium enhanced the number of microshoots up to 95. For further proliferation of microshoots, their development into shoots as well as formation of secondary microshoots from the base of the old ones, the best medium was half strength of MS + 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 150 mg/l L-glutamine. Plantlets with roots were obtained in half strength of  MS + 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 5.0  g/l banana powder, on which cent per cent shoots rooted within eight weeks. The pH of all the categories of cultures were maintained at 5.6 before adding 2.2 g/l gelrite and autoclaving, and the cultures were incubated at 2000 - 3000 lux for 16/8 hrs light/dark at 24 ± 2ºC. Regeneration of plantlets continued due to repeated subculture of microshoots and regenerants were acclimatized and established in the nursery. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 1-11, 2012  (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11242 

scholarly journals Sealing and explant types on the mangaba micropropagation

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline de Jesus Sá ◽  
Ana da Silva Lédo ◽  
Carlos Alberto da Silva Lédo ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Botanical Variety ◽  
Pvc Film ◽  
Establishment Phase ◽  
The Ideal

In micropropagation, especially for mangaba tree botanical variety of Northeastern Brazil, limiting aspects such as ethylene accumulation in the cultivation flask and loss of vigor in subcultures have been observed. This study was aimed at assessing the technical and scientific knowledge of the in vitro propagation of botanical mangaba tree variety and at improving the micropropagation protocol, establishing the in vitro cultivation time, the best type of flask sealing and explant at different micropropagation stages. For the establishment phase and for the first and second subcultures, the MS medium with 3% sucrose and 0.6% agar, supplemented with 1 mg L-1 IAA and 1 mg L-1 BA was used. Evaluations were performed at 30, 50 and 65 days of in vitro cultivation. The best types of flask sealing for the establishment phase were the PVC film and Para-film® and for the first subculture the Para-film® seal. In the second subculture the PVC film and Para-film® seals promoted the best growth. The median and basal nodal segments presented the best performance in the first subculture. No significant effect of explant type was observed in the second subculture. The ideal subculture interval in the establishment phase and the first and second subcultures is 50 days.

scholarly journals In vitro induction and identification of polyploid Neolamarckia cadamba plants by colchicine treatment

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12399
Author(s):  
Wee Hiang Eng ◽  
Wei Seng Ho ◽  
Kwong Hung Ling
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Tetraploid Cell ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Stomata Size ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Polyploidization has played a crucial role in plant breeding and crop improvement. However, studies on the polyploidization of tropical tree species are still very scarce in this region. This paper described the in vitro induction and identification of polyploid plants of Neolamarckia cadamba by colchicine treatment. N. cadamba belongs to the Rubiaceae family is a natural tetraploid plant with 44 chromosomes (2n = 4x = 44). Nodal segments were treated with colchicine (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) for 24 h and 48 h before transferring to shoot regeneration medium. Flow cytometry (FCM) and chromosome count were employed to determine the ploidy level and chromosome number of the regenerants, respectively. Of 180 colchicine-treated nodal segments, 39, 14 and 22 were tetraploids, mixoploids and octoploids, respectively. The highest percentage of polyploidization (20% octoploids; 6.7% mixoploids) was observed after treated with 0.3% colchicine for 48 h. The DNA content of tetraploid (4C) and octoploid (8C) was 2.59 ± 0.09 pg and 5.35 ± 0.24 pg, respectively. Mixoploid plants are made up of mixed tetraploid and octoploid cells. Chromosome count confirmed that tetraploid cell has 44 chromosomes and colchicine-induced octoploid cell has 88 chromosomes. Both octoploids and mixoploids grew slower than tetraploids under in vitro conditions. Morphological characterizations showed that mixoploid and octoploid leaves had thicker leaf blades, thicker midrib, bigger stomata size, lower stomata density, higher SPAD value and smaller pith layer than tetraploids. This indicates that polyploidization has changed and resulted in traits that are predicted to increase photosynthetic capacity of N. cadamba. These novel polyploid plants could be valuable resources for advanced N. cadamba breeding programs to produce improved clones for planted forest development.

scholarly journals In Vitro Selection of Irradiated Plantlets of Vanilla Planifolia Jacks. In the Face of Water Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes GEORGINA Iglesias-Andreu ◽  
Alma Laura Ramos-Castellá ◽  
María de Lourdes Palafox Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Vanilla Planifolia ◽  
The Face ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Improvement Programs

Abstract Currently, premature fruit fall is one of the major problems of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks.) cultivation. This phenomenon has been related to its high susceptibility to drought, a consequence of the low genetic variability of this crop. For this reason, it is of great importance to undertake genetic improvement programs in order to obtain genotypes with greater tolerance to this abiotic factor. With this aim, the present work was developed, in order to select in vitro irradiated shoots, with different doses of gamma rays (0.5 to 19 Gy), cultivated in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium containing: 0, 10 and 15% of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The results showed a greater proliferation of irradiated shoots, with doses of 0.5 and 1 Gy (8.88 ± 3.04 and 6.43 ± 0.98). Shoots irradiated with 0.5 Gy had a faster growth (19.26 ± 6.87 mm) while those irradiated with 3 Gy showed a higher number of leaves (2.38 ± 0.71). Nodal segments of shoots irradiated with 9, 15, 17 and 19 Gy, lost their ability to multiply. Vitroplants from 13 Gy, grown in a medium containing 15 %, showed greater tolerance to water deficit. These vitroplants kept their leaves and showed significant differences in the accumulation of betaine glycine (21.46 ± 4.55 μmol betaine glycine/dry weight), in relation to the accumulation of non-irradiated vitroplants. Therefore, it is considered that the dose of 13 Gy can generate variability and improve tolerance to simulated water stress in vitro.

scholarly journals In vitro Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Lychnis senno Siebold et Zucc.

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-ping Chen ◽  
Yan-ju Wang ◽  
Man Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Number ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
In Vitro Induction

In this study, in vitro induction of tetraploid Lychnis senno Siebold et Zucc. and its cytological and morphological characterization were conducted. For polyploid induction, nodal segments with axillary buds from in vitro grown plants were kept for 3 days in MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) liquid or solid media added with a series of concentrations of colchicine. Out of total 588 recovered plants, 15 tetraploids and 6 mixoploids determined by flow cytometry analysis were obtained. The tetraploid contained 48 chromosomes, twice the normal diploid number of 24, as observed under light microscope. The tetraploid plants exhibited much larger but less stomata than diploid plants. Moreover, significant differences in stem height and leaf size between the diploid and tetraploid plants were noted. The tetraploid plants were more compact than diploids.

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