scholarly journals Do our newly graduated medical doctors have adequate knowledge about neonatal resuscitation?

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Ana Paula de Carvalho Panzeri Carlotti ◽  
Maria Lúcia Silveira Ferlin ◽  
Francisco Eulógio Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Practical Exam

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Neonatal resuscitation should be part of medical school curriculums. We aimed to evaluate medical school graduates' knowledge of neonatal resuscitation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on the performance of candidates sitting a medical residency exam at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, in 2004. METHODS: There were two questions on neonatal resuscitation. One question in the theory test aimed at evaluating basic knowledge on the initial approach towards newly born infants. The question in the practical exam was designed to evaluate the candidate's ability to perform the initial steps of resuscitation and to establish bag-mask ventilation. RESULTS: Out of 642 candidates from 74 medical schools, 151 (23.5%) answered the theory question correctly. Significantly more physicians from public medical schools in the State of São Paulo answered correctly than did those from other schools in Brazil (52.5% versus 9.2%; p < 0.05). A total of 436 candidates did the practical exam. The grades among graduates from medical schools belonging to the State of São Paulo were significantly higher than among those from other schools (5.9 ± 2.6 versus 4.1 ± 2.1; p < 0.001). The grades for the practical question among candidates who had answered the theory question correctly were significantly higher than those obtained by candidates who had given wrong answers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Medical school graduates' knowledge of neonate resuscitation in the delivery room is quite precarious. Emphasis on neonatal resuscitation training is urgently needed in medical schools.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in the elderly in the state of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽  
Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽  
Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽  
Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar ◽  
Sancha Mohana Brito Goes Rios
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the world 2nd death cause and the main cause of disability. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information regarding the mortality profile for this etiology in the last decade. Objective and Methods: Using prospectively collected data available in TabNet (DataSUS) platform, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The primary objective is to access the demographic information most associated with DCV mortality in individuals older than 50 years-old, in São Paulo (SP), from 2010 to 2019. Results: The highest mortality in the state of SP was in 2019 (16,945 deaths), according to the growing trend; in the 2010-2019 period, the annual mean by city of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 14,885 (± 1,341). During these years, the number of deaths was higher in the municipality of São Paulo (57,013; 31%). The annual mean deaths (± SD) in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 4,684 (± 269) and 31 (± 58). The age groups from 70 to 79 years and over 80 years were the most affected. Caucasian race represents 71% of deaths. Individuals with 1 to 3 years of school were more affected (38%). The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.02. Conclusion: In the last decade, there was an increasing mortality by CVD among the elderly population, and the city of São Paulo leads the number of cases.

scholarly journals Interaction between pharmaceutical companies and physicians who prescribe antiretroviral drugs for treating AIDS

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cesar Scheffer
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
The State ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Given that Brazil has a universal public policy for supplying medications to treat HIV and AIDS, the aim here was to describe the forms of relationship between physicians and the pharmaceutical companies that produce antiretrovirals (ARVs). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in the state of São Paulo. METHODS : Secondary database linkage was used, with structured interviews conducted by telephone among a sample group of 300 physicians representing 2,361 professionals who care for patients with HIV and AIDS. RESULTS : Around two thirds (64%) of the physicians prescribing ARVs for HIV and AIDS treatment in the state of São Paulo who were interviewed declared that they had some form of relationship with pharmaceutical companies, of which the most frequent were receipt of publications (54%), visits by sales promoters (51%) and receipt of small-value objects (47%). CONCLUSIONS: Two forms of relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and physicians who deal with HIV and AIDS can be highlighted: facilitation of professionals' access to continuing education; and antiretroviral drug brand name promotion.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of swine influenza in intensive and extensive farms in the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽  
Gabriel Yuri Storino ◽  
Daniele Araújo Pereira ◽  
Igor Renan Honorato Gatto ◽  
Luis Antonio Mathias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northeastern Region

scholarly journals Conservative treatment of cerebral hemorrhage: an analysis of the State of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Hernandes Júnior ◽  
Juliana de Souza Rosa ◽  
Patrick de Abreu Cunha Lopes ◽  
Bárbara Tisse da Silva ◽  
Heloá Santos Faria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Care

Background: Cerebral hemorrhage represents 10% to 15% of all strokes, with the worst prognosis and the highest rate of morbimortality. Objectives: To analyze the panorama of conservative treatment procedures for cerebral hemorrhage in the State of São Paulo and correlate it with the current epidemiology. Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional collection of conservative treatment data for cerebral hemorrhage, available at DATASUS website, from January 2008 up to December 2020 - evaluating the number of hospitalizations, public spending, complexity, mortality rate, deaths, permanence and character of care. Results: 15,327 hospitalizations were observed for such procedures in this period, representing a total expenditure of R$ 30,258,539.39. 2008 was the year with the highest number of hospitalizations (1,373), and 2020 was the year with the greatest expenditure (R$ 3,008,526.38). 552 of the were elective and 14,606 were urgent, with 4,102 occurring in the public sector and 4,510 in private one. All 15,327 considered to be of medium complexity. The mortality rate was 29.68, corresponding to 4,549 deaths, 2009 was the year with the highest mortality, 33.33 and 2008 the lowest, 24.33. Mortality rate was lower in elective procedures (15.40 versus 30.48 in urgent ones) and when carried out in public sector (27.16 versus 30.07 in private care). The hospital stay was 11.0 days, with a cost of R$ 1,974.20. Conclusion: The conservative treatment of cerebral hemorrhage represents a procedure of medium complexity with a long period of hospital stay. Higher mortality was observed in emergency care and the private sector.

scholarly journals Profile and Knowledge of Community Health Agents (CHAS) of Cajamar City, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Débora Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Aline Veroneze de Mello ◽  
Hellen Daniela de Sousa Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractCommunity Health Agents (CHAs) are important collaborators in combating illnesses related to poor eating habits. The objective of this work was to verify the knowledge of the community health workers of Cajamar city about food and the main diseases related to bad eating habits. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted from August to September 2011, in Cajamar city, São Paulo by trained interviewers. 57 HCWs were interviewed who answered two questionnaires, the first to characterize them and the second to obtain data on basic knowledge about food and the main diseases related to poor eating habits. 96.5% of the CHA were female, had an average of 34 years, 88.1% had two children, predominance of complete high school (56.1%; n=32). They had the function of CHAs as the main source of income, receiving up to three minimum wages and exercising it for at least six months (52.6%). When the subject was food, 94.5% report that they are the first to address the issue. The main difficulties were that people did not follow the guidelines (43%) and lack of knowledge (40%). There was a good performance in the issues regarding chronic diseases (76.6% of hits) and risk groups (97%). In questions about food groups and food security, there was low performance (rate of hits of 55.2% and 55.3%, respectively). The qualification of CSAs is fundamental for the improvement of the work performed, being important the use of educational strategies that provide continuous learning. Keywords: Community Health Workers. Food Assistance. Family Health Strategy. Primary Health Care. ResumoOs Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) são importantes colaboradores no combate de doenças relacionadas aos maus hábitos alimentares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o conhecimento dos ACS do município de Cajamar sobre alimentação e as principais doenças relacionadas aos maus hábitos alimentares. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado no período de agosto a setembro de 2011, no município de Cajamar, São Paulo por entrevistadores treinados. Foram entrevistados 57 ACS que responderam a dois questionários, o primeiro com intuito de caracterizá-los e o segundo para obter dados quanto aos conhecimentos básicos sobre alimentação e as principais doenças relacionadas aos maus hábitos alimentares. 96,5% dos ACS eram do sexo feminino, possuíam em média 34 anos, 88,1% possuíam dois filhos, predominância de ensino médio completo (56,1%; n=32). Possuíam a função de ACS como principal fonte de renda, recebendo até três salários mínimos e exercendo-a há pelo menos seis meses (52,6%). Quando o assunto foi alimentação, 94,5% relatam que são os primeiros a abordar o assunto. As principais dificuldades encontradas foram que as pessoas não seguem as orientações (43%) e a falta de conhecimentos (40%). Verificou-se bom desempenho nas questões que se referiam às doenças crônicas (76,6% de acertos) e grupos de risco (97%). Já nas questões sobre grupos alimentares e segurança alimentar, houve baixo desempenho (índice de acertos de 55,2% e 55,3%, respectivamente). A capacitação dos ACS mostra-se fundamental para o aprimoramento do trabalho desempenhado, sendo importante o uso de estratégias educativas que proporcionem aprendizado contínuo. Palavras-chave: Agente Comunitário de Saúde. Assistência Alimentar. Estratégia Saúde da Família. Atencão Primária à Saúde

scholarly journals Sweat test and cystic fibrosis: overview of test performance at public and private centers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fátima Servidoni ◽  
Carla Cristina Souza Gomez ◽  
Fernando Augusto Lima Marson ◽  
Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro ◽  
Maria Ângela Gonçalves de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Sweat Test ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Increasing Demand

ABSTRACT Objective: The sweat test (ST) measures chloride levels in sweat and is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the reliability of a ST depends on their being performed by experienced technicians and in accordance with strict guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate how sweat stimulation, sweat collection, and chloride measurement are performed at 14 centers (9 public centers and 5 private centers) that routinely perform STs in the state of São Paulo, which has the highest frequency of CF in Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional cohort study, using a standardized questionnaire administered in loco to the staff responsible for conducting STs. Results: No uniformity regarding the procedures was found among the centers. Most centers were noncompliant with the international guidelines, especially regarding the collection of sweat (the samples were insufficient in 10-50% of the subjects tested); availability of stimulation equipment (which was limited at 2 centers); modernity and certification of stimulation equipment (most of the equipment having been used for 3-23 years); and written protocols (which were lacking at 12 centers). Knowledge of ST guidelines was evaluated at only 1 center. Conclusions: Our results show that STs largely deviate from internationally accepted guidelines at the participating centers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for standardization of STs, training of qualified personnel, and acquisition/certification of suitable equipment. These are essential conditions for a reliable diagnosis of CF, especially with the increasing demand due to newborn screening nationwide, and for the assessment of a possible clinical benefit from the use of modulator drugs.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in young adults in the state of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽  
Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽  
Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽  
João Vitor Lopes Lima ◽  
Douglas Mateus Pereira Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: The incidence of Cerebrovascular Diseases (CVD) increases significantly with age, being more frequent in the elderly. For this reason, there are still few studies that describe the epidemiological profile of these pathologies in youn g adults. Methods and Objective: From the data collected prospectively and allocated on the TabNet platform (DataSUS, MS), an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. As a primary objective, we seek to describe the demographic information most associated with CVD mortality in individuals between 20 and 49 years old, in São Paulo. Results: The year 2011 emerged in relation to mortality, with 1,432 deaths; in the 2010- 2019 period, the average number of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 1,318 (± 61), per year. In this period, the number of deaths was higher in the capital (4,605; 34.9% of the total in the state). The mean deaths (± SD), per year, in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 442 (± 58) and 2.4 (± 6.2). People with schooling from 4 to 7 years old and from 8 to 11 years old were the most affected. The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.05. Conclusion: There is relative stability in relation to mortality per year among young adults in the state of SP, the capital being the city with the highest number of deaths. Male individuals, with a medium level of education were responsible for most of the deaths.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers in the state of São Paulo: A cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables, risk factors for CVD, use of illicit drugs were analyzed. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out. Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs. Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Transgender Population under the Bioethics Perspective: a Panorama of the Curricula and Bioethics Courses of Medical Schools of the State of São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Ghossain Barbosa ◽  
Magnus Régios Dias da Silva ◽  
Aluísio Marçal de Barros Seródio
Keyword(s):  
Universal Access ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Trans People

Abstract: Introduction: Transgender people are subject to discrimination and illness due to social marginalization and lack of access to basic rights, especially health care. They suffer from the inadequacy of care directed to basic health demands, high incidence of diseases and non-fulfillment of specific demands. The vulnerability of these people reaches a disturbing level due to disrespectful attitudes that lead trans people to avoid seeking help. Understanding that medical education geared to the needs of marginalized populations is the basis for universal access and adequate care, it is essential that medical schools define contents and pedagogical strategies for vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to investigate and discuss how (and if) the topic of transgender people healthcare is contemplated in the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in the state of São Paulo. Method: Exploratory, descriptive-analytical study based on data collected from medical schools in São Paulo, conducted in two stages: 1st, documentary research on the inclusion of the topic of trans people health in the undergraduate curricula; 2nd, research with teachers of the Bioethics courses, where a questionnaire was applied to evaluate how and if the topic is approached as a programmatic content. The data obtained in the 1st stage were analyzed quantitatively and are presented as relative frequencies of the evaluated characteristics, while those of the 2nd stage were analyzed through the descriptive statistical method (closed questions) and content analysis (open questions). Results: We identified references to the trans topic in the formal curricula of only 2 of the 32 surveyed medical schools, with a total of 5 citations on the topic. Analyzing the questionnaires applied to teachers in the area of bioethics, we found reports of discussions on this topic in 5/12 (42%) schools. Although all participants consider the topic to be important, only 7/12 (58%) consider themselves prepared to address it. Conclusion: It is postulated that the evident lack of content aimed at trans health in medical schools can make it difficult to reduce transphobia and develop more dignified services within the healthcare network for these people. Based on the subsidies found in the Bioethics of Protection theoretical framework, we believe the medical curricula and Bioethics courses should create spaces to address this issue, using different and effectively transformative pedagogical practices, and respecting gender identity in all environments.

scholarly journals The effect of air pollutants on birth weight in medium-sized towns in the state of São Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veridiana de Paula Santos ◽  
Andréa Paula Peneluppi de Medeiros ◽  
Thaiza Agostini Córdoba de Lima ◽  
Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
The State ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unified Health System

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of air pollution on birth weight in a medium-sized town in the State of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil.METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data from live births of mothers residing in São José dos Campos from 2005 to 2009. Data was obtained from the Department of Information and Computing of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Air pollutant data (PM10, SO2, and O3) and daily averages of their concentrations were obtained from the Environmental Sanitation & Technology Company. Statistical analysis was performed by linear and logistic regressions using the Excel and STATA v.7 software programs.RESULTS: Maternal exposure to air pollutants was not associated with low birth weight, with the exception of exposure to SO2 within the last month of pregnancy (OR=1.25; 95% CI=1.00-1.56). Maternal exposure to PM10 and SO2 during the last month of pregnancy led to lower weight at birth (0.28g and 3.15g, respectively) for each 1mg/m3 increase in the concentration of these pollutants, but without statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS: This study failed to identify a statistically significant association between the levels of air pollutants and birth weight, with the exception of exposure to SO2 within the last month of pregnancy.

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