scholarly journals Mercury speciation in fish of the Cabo Frio upwelling region, SE-Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto da Silva ◽  
Emmanuel Tessier ◽  
Vinicius Tavares Kütter ◽  
Julio Cesar Wasserman ◽  
Olivier F. X. Donard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Mercury ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Mercury Speciation ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cabo Frio

Mercury distribution in the oceans is controlled by complex biogeochemical cycles, resulting in retention of trace amounts of this metal in marine biota. The impact of upwelling processes in this metal behavior has been overlooked. Data from literature are insufficient to evaluate the risks associated with the presence of mercury in the fish collected in upwelling areas and its consumers. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to perform a study of mercury speciation in four fish species belonging to different trophic levels from Cabo Frio-Brazil upwelling region. The total mercury content vary of 53 ng g-1 (Sardinella brasiliensis -sardine) to 1215 ng g-1 (Cynoscion striatus -striped weakfish) and, with exception of the planktivorous fish, methylmercury levels reaches circa 90% of total mercury concentration.

Mercury speciation in plankton from the Cabo Frio Bay, SE - Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (12) ◽  
pp. 8141-8150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanoel V. Silva-Filho ◽  
Vinicius T. Kütter ◽  
Thiago S. Figueiredo ◽  
Emmanuel Tessier ◽  
Carlos E. Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Speciation ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
Cabo Frio

Distribution in Renal Cell Fractions of Sulfhydryl Groups in Rats on Normal and Sucrose Diets and Its Relation to Renal Mercury Distribution After Mercuric Chloride Injection

1958 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Surtshin ◽  
Koichi Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Cell Fractions

Most rats fed a diet of sucrose and vitamins for 3 or more weeks survive intravenous injection of mercuric chloride, 3 mg/kg, a dose uniformly lethal to rats on a normal diet. It is found that the sulfhydryl content of the ‘soluble’ fraction obtained from kidney by means of the centrifuge is greater in sucrose-fed than in chow-fed rats. Three hours after injection of mercuric chloride the sucrose-fed as compared with the chow-fed rat shows the same total mercury content in kidney, but a much higher content in the ‘soluble’ fraction and much lower contents in the ‘nuclear’ and ‘granular’ fractions. The increase in resistance to the toxicity of mercuric chloride seen in sucrose-fed rats may be related to a decrease in the binding of mercury by sulfhydryl groups of the renal nuclei and mitochondria. Severe protein depletion may be causally involved in producing the state of increased resistance.

Effect of Sulfur and Chlorine on the Speciation of Mercury in Coal

2013 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Jian Ding ◽  
Lang Liu ◽  
Qing Cai Liu ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Mercury Speciation ◽  
Chlorine Content

Mercury and its compounds which formed in the coalcombustion process have a serious effect on the environment. Four coal samplesin Chongqingwere selected to study on the occurrenceform of mercury, as well as the effect ofsulfur, chlorine on mercury speciation. Results showed that the mercury contentin coal ranged from 257 ng/g to 332.7 ng/g，with sulfur, chlorine content increased，the total mercury content increased，too. The sulfur content in coal ranged from 1.52% to3.54%, the mercury in sulfide and sulfurhave a good correlation, and square of the correlation coefficient (R2)between them is 0.9883. The chlorinecontent in coal ranged from 0.05% to 0.15%，the mercury in organic compound and sulfur have a good correlation，andsquare of the correlation coefficient (R2) between them is 0.9639.

scholarly journals Variability in nitrogen-derived trophic levels of Arctic marine biota

Polar Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renske P. J. Hoondert ◽  
Nico W. van den Brink ◽  
Martine J. van den Heuvel-Greve ◽  
Ad M. J. Ragas ◽  
A. Jan Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Arctic Species ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractStable isotopes are often used to provide an indication of the trophic level (TL) of species. TLs may be derived by using food-web-specific enrichment factors in combination with a representative baseline species. It is challenging to sample stable isotopes for all species, regions and seasons in Arctic ecosystems, e.g. because of practical constraints. Species-specific TLs derived from a single region may be used as a proxy for TLs for the Arctic as a whole. However, its suitability is hampered by incomplete knowledge on the variation in TLs. We quantified variation in TLs of Arctic species by collating data on stable isotopes across the Arctic, including corresponding fractionation factors and baseline species. These were used to generate TL distributions for species in both pelagic and benthic food webs for four Arctic areas, which were then used to determine intra-sample, intra-study, intra-region and inter-region variation in TLs. Considerable variation in TLs of species between areas was observed. This is likely due to differences in parameter choice in estimating TLs (e.g. choice of baseline species) and seasonal, temporal and spatial influences. TLs between regions were higher than the variance observed within regions, studies or samples. This implies that TLs derived within one region may not be suitable as a proxy for the Arctic as a whole. The TL distributions derived in this study may be useful in bioaccumulation and climate change studies, as these provide insight in the variability of trophic levels of Arctic species.

scholarly journals Sub-Chronic Effects of Slight PAH- and PCB-Contaminated Mesocosms in Paracentrotus lividus Lmk: A Multi-Endpoint Approach and De Novo Transcriptomic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6674
Author(s):  
Luisa Albarano ◽  
Valerio Zupo ◽  
Davide Caramiello ◽  
Maria Toscanesi ◽  
Marco Trifuoggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Transcriptome Assembly ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
De Novo Transcriptome Assembly ◽  
De Novo Transcriptome ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Endpoint Approach

Sediment pollution is a major issue in coastal areas, potentially endangering human health and the marine environments. We investigated the short-term sublethal effects of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus for two months. Spiking occurred at concentrations below threshold limit values permitted by the law (TLVPAHs = 900 µg/L, TLVPCBs = 8 µg/L, Legislative Italian Decree 173/2016). A multi-endpoint approach was adopted, considering both adults (mortality, bioaccumulation and gonadal index) and embryos (embryotoxicity, genotoxicity and de novo transcriptome assembly). The slight concentrations of PAHs and PCBs added to the mesocosms were observed to readily compartmentalize in adults, resulting below the detection limits just one week after their addition. Reconstructed sediment and seawater, as negative controls, did not affect sea urchins. PAH- and PCB-spiked mesocosms were observed to impair P. lividus at various endpoints, including bioaccumulation and embryo development (mainly PAHs) and genotoxicity (PAHs and PCBs). In particular, genotoxicity tests revealed that PAHs and PCBs affected the development of P. lividus embryos deriving from exposed adults. Negative effects were also detected by generating a de novo transcriptome assembly and its annotation, as well as by real-time qPCR performed to identify genes differentially expressed in adults exposed to the two contaminants. The effects on sea urchins (both adults and embryos) at background concentrations of PAHs and PCBs below TLV suggest a need for further investigations on the impact of slight concentrations of such contaminants on marine biota.

scholarly journals The importance of species interactions in eco-evolutionary community dynamics under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Åkesson ◽  
Alva Curtsdotter ◽  
Anna Eklöf ◽  
Bo Ebenman ◽  
Jon Norberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

AbstractEco-evolutionary dynamics are essential in shaping the biological response of communities to ongoing climate change. Here we develop a spatially explicit eco-evolutionary framework which features more detailed species interactions, integrating evolution and dispersal. We include species interactions within and between trophic levels, and additionally, we incorporate the feature that species’ interspecific competition might change due to increasing temperatures and affect the impact of climate change on ecological communities. Our modeling framework captures previously reported ecological responses to climate change, and also reveals two key results. First, interactions between trophic levels as well as temperature-dependent competition within a trophic level mitigate the negative impact of climate change on biodiversity, emphasizing the importance of understanding biotic interactions in shaping climate change impact. Second, our trait-based perspective reveals a strong positive relationship between the within-community variation in preferred temperatures and the capacity to respond to climate change. Temperature-dependent competition consistently results both in higher trait variation and more responsive communities to altered climatic conditions. Our study demonstrates the importance of species interactions in an eco-evolutionary setting, further expanding our knowledge of the interplay between ecological and evolutionary processes.

Mercury in the Marine Environment: Concentration in Sea Water and in a Pelagic Food Chain

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Williams ◽  
H. V. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Almost All

Mercury in seawater, in a pelagic food chain, and in bottom sediment was determined at a single station 430 km southeast of San Diego, California. The concentration of mercury in zooplankton slightly increased with depth of collection. The mercury content in almost all of the higher trophic levels of organisms collected at greater depths was indistinguishable from the concentration of mercury in zooplankton at these depths. Mercury concentration in the seawater column was essentially constant below 100 m and significantly higher at the surface. This vertical profile of mercury content is not ascribable to biological activity.

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