scholarly journals Competitive interactions among zoanthids (cnidaria: zoanthidae) in an intertidal zone of northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuelle Fontenele Rabelo ◽  
Marcelo de Oliveira Soares ◽  
Helena Matthews-Cascon
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Aggressive Interaction ◽  
Reef Environment ◽  
Palythoa Caribaeorum ◽  
The Face ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Sessile Organisms ◽  
Intertidal Environments

Sessile organisms that live in consolidated substrates frequently compete for space. Coral species have many strategies to face this competition, including harming their opponents or hindering their growth. In the present study, the competitive interactions between three species of zoanthids were investigated in the intertidal zone of a sandstone reef environment in northeastern Brazil. The competitive abilities of the three species were evaluated by periodic observation of the natural fringes of contact and experimental evaluation of their growth rate through removal of 100 cm² of colonies of each species. Palythoa caribaeorum and Zoanthus sociatus had similar growth rates, and both species grew faster than Protopalythoa variabilis. The recolonization strategy seems to differ among species. The contact fringes between P. caribaeorum and Z. sociatus remained unchanged over time, without any type of aggressive interaction between them, suggesting that stand-off was the strategy used by these organisms. Palythoa caribaeorum and Z. sociatus grew among the polyps of P. variabilis, often killing its colonies. The coexistence of zoanthids reveals a capacity for survival in the face of competition for limited resources such as free substrate, which led to the colonization and establishment of zoanthids in intertidal environments.

scholarly journals Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Impacts And Changes In Life Of Carriers Undergoing Treatment

10.3823/2437 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Nobre Silva ◽  
Diane Sousa Sales ◽  
Carla Suellen Pires De Sousa ◽  
Antonio Dean Barbosa Marques ◽  
Priscila França De Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
The Face ◽  
Intention To Return ◽  
The Impact

Diagnosis and treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma introduce a new routine, and the habitual life of the young adult is interrupted because the treatment imposes on patients withdrawing from their environment, their productive activities, their relatives and their daily life. The aim of the present is study is to understand the reality of the young adult carrier of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the face of treatment. This is a qualitative study; subjects were patients diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma at a reference hospital in northeastern Brazil. Inclusion criteria were being undergoing treatment or follow-up of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and aged 18 to 35 years. The information was collected through an interview at the home of each subject in the period from August and September 2015. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full and analyzed through thematic analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The subjects went through a rather individual pathway to discover the disease. After reading the interviews, the following category emerged: Impact and changes in life with cancer. They feel the impact of cancer and of the process of illness and treatment that promote physical and social changes. They reveal the coping of the disease with liveliness, and present strategies for this process, such as the support of family and friends. They recognize the existence of difficult moments and face situations of death, but they show intention to return to their daily activities and have perspectives for cure. 

Diversity of marine bryozoans inhabiting demosponges in northeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA C.S. ALMEIDA ◽  
FACELUCIA B.C. SOUZA ◽  
CARLA MENEGOLA ◽  
LEANDRO M. VIEIRA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Bryozoan Species ◽  
Colony Form ◽  
Sessile Organisms ◽  
Cheilostome Bryozoans

As primary or obligate sessile organisms, bryozoans depend upon a substratum resource that affects their abundance, distribution and diversity. These animals can colonize virtually any type of substratum, including other organisms and artificial structures. Associations between bryozoans and sponges are commonly reported in the literature, but there are few studies discussing the association between these two taxa in detail. Here we present data on the bryozoan community found on shallow-water sponges from Bahia coast, northeastern Brazil, including their taxonomic status, colony form and adaptative structures utilized by these bryozoans to grow on sponges. Twenty-one bryozoan species were found attached to the surface of sixteen species of sponges. Five new species of cheilostome bryozoans are described. A total of 105 colonies were studied and most of them are erect delicate branching (44 colonies) and encrusting patches (34 colonies). The majority of bryozoan colonies were attached to the surface of rugose-textured sponges (67 colonies; 61%). This suggests that bryozoans are more likely to settle on irregular and rough surfaces. Patches colonies were mainly attached to the portion of the sponge that was in contact with the seabed, and spot colonies were particularly found in spatial refuges, showing the preference of larvae to settle on shaded and less exposed substrata. Most erect bryozoans were attached to the lateral sponge surface, other colonies grew on the underside and few on the upper surface of the sponges. These colonies were attached either using anchoring rhizoids, rigid bases, or stolons. The bryozoan species and genera reported here are common in northeastern Brazil and considered generalists in terms of larval settlement requirements. The bryozoan-sponge association studied is considered a non-obligatory commensalism (inquilinism). 

scholarly journals The effect of climate change on the distribution of a tropical zoanthid (Palythoa caribaeorum) and its ecological implications

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo M. Durante ◽  
Igor C.S. Cruz ◽  
Tito M.C. Lotufo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Palythoa Caribaeorum ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Palythoa caribaeorumis a zoanthid often dominant in shallow rocky environments along the west coast of the Atlantic Ocean, from the tropics to the subtropics. This species has high environmental tolerance and is a good space competitor in reef environments. Considering current and future scenarios in the global climate regime, this study aimed to model and analyze the distribution ofP. caribaeorum, generating maps of potential distribution for the present and the year 2100. The distribution was modeled using maximum entropy (Maxent) based on 327 occurrence sites retrieved from the literature. Calcite concentration, maximum chlorophyll-aconcentration, salinity, pH, and temperature range yielded a model with the smallest Akaike information criterion (2649.8), and were used in the present and future distribution model. Data from the HadGEM2-ES climate model were used to generate the projections for the year 2100. The present distribution ofP. caribaeorumshows that parts of the Brazilian coast, Caribbean Sea, and Florida are suitable regions for the species, as they are characterized by high salinity and pH and small temperature variation. An expansion of the species’ distribution was forecast northward under mild climate scenarios, while a decrease of suitable areas was forecast in the south. In the climate scenario with the most intense changes,P. caribaeorumwould lose one-half of its suitable habitats, including the northernmost and southernmost areas of its distribution. The Caribbean Sea and northeastern Brazil, as well as other places under the influence of coastal upwellings, may serve as potential havens for this species.

scholarly journals Dietary Fiber Hierarchical Specificity: the Missing Link for Predictable and Strong Shifts in Gut Bacterial Communities

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaisa M. Cantu-Jungles ◽  
Nuseybe Bulut ◽  
Eponine Chambry ◽  
Andrea Ruthes ◽  
Marcello Iacomini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
The Face

In the face of interindividual variability and complexity of gut microbial communities, prediction of outcomes from a given fiber utilized by many microbes would require a sophisticated comprehension of all competitive interactions that occur in the gut. Results presented here suggest that high-specificity fibers potentially circumvent the competitive scope in the gut for fiber utilization, providing a promising path to targeted and predictable microbial shifts in different individuals.

scholarly journals Taxonomic and functional diversity of mollusk assemblages in a tropical rocky intertidal zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayanna M. A. da R. Souza ◽  
Helena Matthews-Cascon ◽  
Erminda da C. G. Couto
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Environmental Complexity ◽  
Bare Rock ◽  
Mussel Beds ◽  
Trophic Diversity ◽  
Rocky Intertidal Zone

ABSTRACT We investigated the spatial variation of molluscan assemblages with different habitat-forming species and bare rock habitat in a rocky intertidal zone in northeastern Brazil. The high intertidal zone substrate was covered predominantly of barnacles [Chthamalus bisinuatus (Pilsbry, 1916)], the mid-intertidal of mussels [Brachidontes exustus (Linnaeus, 1758)] and the low intertidal of macroalgae chlorophytes [Gayralia oxysperma (Kützing) K. L. Vinogradova ex Scagel et al., 1989 and Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, 1753], phaeophytes [Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh] and rhodophytes [Palisada flagellifera (J.Agardh) K. W. Nam, 2007]. A total of 3,861 mollusks were recorded, belonging to the classes Gastropoda (9 species; 3,800 individuals), Bivalvia (3 spp.; 54 ind.), and Polyplacophora (1 sp.; 7 ind.). Functional diversity was accessed through the trophic structure, in which we identified food guilds: suspension feeders, grazers, herbivores, and carnivores. The analysis revealed significant differences in mollusk abundance, species richness, diversity indices, and trophic diversity among barnacle belts, mussel beds, algae habitat, and bare rock habitats. The highest species richness and trophic diversity were detected in algae habitat and mussel beds, which showed low abundance. In contrast, barnacle belts registered low species richness and trophic diversity and a high number of individuals. Bare rock recorded low values in all surveyed indices. This result points to the effect of environmental modification caused by habitat-forming species in this system. These species increase environmental complexity and enable the establishment of organisms through facilitation processes. The various food guilds found in this study reaffirm the role of habitat-forming species in providing niches that support different occupation patterns.

scholarly journals Outbreaks of rhinofacial and rhinopharyngeal zygomycosis in sheep in Paraíba, northeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Antônio F.M. Dantas ◽  
Edísio O. Azevedo ◽  
Sara D.V. Simões ◽  
Silvana M.S. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Nasal Vestibule ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
The Face

Two outbreaks of zigomycosis with rhinofacial and two other with rhinopharyngeal lesions involving fungi with filamentous coaenocytic hyphae characteristic of entomoph-thoramycetous fungi are reported in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. One outbreak of rhinofacial zygomycosis occurred during the rainy season affecting 5 sheep. Another outbreak of the clinical form affected one out of 40 sheep during the dry season. Common clinical signs of the rhinofacial infection were bilateral serosanguineous nasal discharge with swelling of nostrils, upper lip, and the skin of the face. At necropsy the nasal mucosa showed dark brownish ulcerated areas which extended from the mucocutaneous region to 10cm inside the nasal vestibule. The mucosa of the hard palate was also ulcerated. The cutting surface of nostrils and palate showed a brownish or red spongeous tissue of friable consistency. One outbreak of rhinopharyngitis took place on an irrigated coconut farm; 7 out of 60 adult sheep were affected. Another outbreak affected a sheep in a flock of 80 during the dry season. Clinical signs as noisy respiration and dyspnoea due to mechanical blockage of the nasal cavities, swelling of the nostrils, and serosanguineous nasal discharge were observed. Six out of 8 sheep in this group showed exophthalmia, keratitis and unilateral corneal ulceration of the eye. The sheep either died of their infection or were euthanized after a clinical course of 7-30 days. At necropsy there was a dense yellow exudate in the nasopharyngeal area affecting the ethmoidal region, turbinate bones, paranasal sinuses, hard and soft palates, orbital cavity, pharynges, regional muscles and lymph nodes. Histopathologically both forms of the disease showed multifocal granulomas with an eosinophilic necrotic reaction (Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon) containing ribbon-type coenocytic hyphae with 7-30mum in diameter similar to hyphae of zygomycetous fungi, possibly Conidiobolus spp. Outbreaks of both forms of mycotic rhinitis are common in northeastern Brazil and in other regions of the country.

An Analysis of Competitive Interactions in a Patch Back-Reef Environment

Ecology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1107-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Houston Williams
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Back Reef ◽  
Reef Environment

scholarly journals Sheep poisoning by Panicum dichotomiflorum in northeastern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Mitsue Haraguchi ◽  
Antônio F. M. Dantas ◽  
Rodrigo G. Burakovas ◽  
Akihito Yokosuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Furostanol Saponins ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
The Face ◽  
One Year ◽  
Panicum Dichotomiflorum

Different species of Panicum, including P. dichotomiflorum,have been reported as a cause of photosensitization in sheep, horses, cattle and goats. An outbreak of hepatogenous photosensitization occurred in 3 flocks of hair sheep in the Brazilian semiarid region. Eighty one out of 365 sheep were affected and 39 died. The main affected animals were nursing lambs and sheep younger than one year old. Donkeys, goats and cattle grazing in the same pasture were not affected. Clinical signs were edema of the head, followed by dermatitis, mainly in the face, ears, and croup, ocular discharge, corneal opacity with blindness, and redness of the coronary band and hoof. At necropsy of one affected lamb the liver was yellowish. Upon histologic examination scattered necrotic hepatocytes were observed in the liver and focal areas of necrosis of myocytes appeared in the heart. Samples of P. dicotomiflorum were analyzed by TLC and those containing saponins were isolated by HPLC using RP-C18 column and eluted with a mixture of MeOH and H2O. The isolated compounds were submitted to ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Reactions were positive to furostanol saponins with the same Rf of the standard protodioscin (0.21) and methylprotodioscin (0.32). The spectroscopic results indicated a mixture of (25R)- and (25S)-protodioscin isomers in a proportion of 3:1, and methylprotodioscin.

scholarly journals The native Palythoa caribaeorum overgrows on invasive species in the intertidal zone

Coral Reefs ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Mendonça-Neto ◽  
B. A. P. da Gama
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Palythoa Caribaeorum
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