Clinical and microbial evaluation of dental scaling associated with subgingival minocycline in chronic periodontitis subjects

The aims of this double-blind randomized clinical trial were to evaluate the presence of periodontal pathogens and the clinical response of periodontal pockets treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) associated with subgingival minocycline (SM). A total of 36 subjects, 26 to 60 years old (40.7 ± 9.1), who had been previously diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, were included in the present study. Eighteen subjects were selected for the test group (TG), who were treated with SRP plus SM (new treatment), and 18 subjects for the control group (CG) who received SRP plus vehicle (current treatment). Two homologous sites in each subject with a probing depth (PD) > 6 mm were chosen. To evaluate the clinical response after treatment, PD was measured at baseline and at 90 days. Microbiological evaluation was performed to detect 7 periodontal pathogens using polymerase chain reaction at baseline, 30, and 120 days. A mean reduction in PD of 2.8 and 2.1 mm was observed in the TG and CG, respectively. At baseline, P. gingivalis was the most prevalent organism in both test (65.8%) and control (48.6%) groups. After 120 days it fell to 30.8% in TG and to 23.1% in CG. There were no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups concerning PD (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon test) or presence of periodontal pathogens (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon and chi-square; p > 0.01 by Signal test). The results observed showed that the new treatment was as effective as the current treatment in reducing periodontal pathogens and PD among chronic periodontitis subjects.

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Efficacy of a herbal toothpaste on patients with established gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242006000200015 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 172-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Fabiana Ozaki ◽

Claudio Mendes Pannuti ◽

Ana Vitória Imbronito ◽

Wellington Pessotti ◽

Luciana Saraiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Test Group ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

The aim of this randomised, double blind controlled trial was to verify the efficacy of a herbal dentifrice on the reduction of plaque and gingivitis. Forty eight volunteers with established gingivitis were randomly assigned to either a test group (herbal dentifrice) or positive control group (dentifrice with triclosan and fluoride). The dentifrices were distributed in plain white tubes by an independent pharmacy, which revealed the contents of each tube only after the experimental period. Plaque and gingivitis assessments were carried out on baseline and after 28 days of product use. All examinations were conducted by the same calibrated investigator. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth three times daily using their assigned dentifrice for 28 days. There was a significant reduction in plaque levels in both the test and control groups. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. A significant reduction in gingivitis was observed in both groups, although there was no significant difference between them. No adverse reactions were reported. The authors concluded that both dentifrices were effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis in subjects with established gingivitis.

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The effect of carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application on IL-1β level gingival crevicular fluid in chronic periodontitis patients

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol31no3.23930 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Indra Mustika Setia Pribadi ◽

Ina Hendiani ◽

Reynaldy Sartiono

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Test Group ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Control Group ◽

Carbonate Apatite ◽

Scaling And Root Planing ◽

Root Planing ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Introduction: Apatite carbonate material plays an important role in bone tissue regeneration. The use of this membrane is expected to achieve better treatment success than those without additional therapy. The antimicrobial content in the apatite carbonate membrane can be used to support periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis after scaling and root planing. The purpose of this research was to analyse the effect of carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application on the IL-1β level of the gingival crevicular fluid in chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: This research was a double-blind, randomised controlled trial method, with purposive sampling, and split-mouth design. The parameter was the IL-1β level in the gingival crevicular fluid before and after scaling and root planing. Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin was applied to the periodontal pocket on the test group after scaling and root planing. Data were analysed by the Wilcoxon test with a p-value < 0.05. Results: The reduction of IL-1β level gingival crevicular fluid on day-0 and day-30 on both groups showed significant value (p < 0.001). However, it showed no significant differences statistically, between the test group and the control group. Conclusion: Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application might reduce the IL-1β level of the gingival crevicular fluid, but not showing a better reduction from the control group.Keyword: Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin, IL-1β, periodontal therapy

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The Efficacy and Safety of a Herbal Toothpaste in Reducing Gingivitis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Allocation Clinical Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/3764936 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jinfeng He ◽

Yalan Deng ◽

Fangzhi Zhu ◽

Ting Zhong ◽

Nanyu Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Control Groups ◽

Double Blind ◽

Rhizoma Chuanxiong ◽

Baseline Status ◽

Main Components ◽

And Control

Aim. To examine the efficacy and safety of the toothpaste containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Rhizoma Imperatae extracts in reducing gingivitis. Method. A double-blind clinical trial was conducted, in which 120 volunteers were randomly assigned to the test group (N = 60) or the control group (N = 60). Tetramethylpyrazine, senkyunolide A, ferulic acid, and ligustilide are the main effective components of Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Rhizoma Imperatae contains the main components of cylindrin, carotene, 5-hydroxytryptamine, potassium, and calcium. The control group used placebo toothpaste containing neither Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract nor Rhizoma Imperatae extract. Plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding were assessed at the baseline, prior to the supragingival scaling, and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Results. During the trial, both test and control groups showed a decreasing trend compared to the baseline. At the end of 12 weeks, with respect to Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding Index (BI), and Bleeding on Probing percentage (BOP%) scores, there were significant differences between test and control groups (GI, P<0.001, BI, P<0.001, and BOP%, P<0.001, resp.). After 4 weeks of usage, there were no statistically significant differences in all of GI, BI, and BOP% scores between the two groups. However, the decrease became statistically significant at next two intervals (GI, P<0.001, BI, P<0.001, and BOP%, P<0.001, resp.) in the efficiency of GI, BI, and BOP% which was 8.04%, 11.02%, and 37.16%, respectively. There were no treatment-related adverse events reported. Conclusion. The toothpaste containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Rhizoma Imperatae extracts was well tolerated and significantly reduced gingivitis and bleeding after usage for 12 weeks. There was better improvement at molars, and the more serious the baseline status was, the better the efficacy was.

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Effects of Orally Administered Lactoferrin and Lactoperoxidase-Containing Tablets on Clinical and Bacteriological Profiles in Chronic Periodontitis Patients

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2011/405139 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Eiju Shimizu ◽

Tetsuo Kobayashi ◽

Hiroyuki Wakabayashi ◽

Koji Yamauchi ◽

Keiji Iwatsuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Bacteriological Profile ◽

Crevicular Fluid ◽

And Control ◽

Parameter Values

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of oral administration of lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase-(LPO-)containing tablet on periodontal condition. Seventy-two individuals with chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned to take either bovine LF and LPO-containing tablets (test group,n=37) or control tablets (control group,n=35) every day for 12 weeks. Periodontal parameters and levels of subgingival plaque bacteria, human and bovine LF, and endotoxin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were evaluated at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. Significant differences were observed in GCF levels of bovine LF between the test and control groups throughout the study (P<.05). However, clinical and bacteriological parameter values proved comparable between the two groups at 1 week to 12 weeks. Therefore, the effect of oral administration of LF and LPO-containing tablets might be weak on periodontal and bacteriological profile in this study.

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Early Clinical Effectiveness of ER:Yag Laser in Association with the Red Complex of Bacteria in the Initial Treatment of Moderate Chronic Periodontitis

Acta Medica Bulgarica ◽

10.2478/amb-2014-0005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bl. Yaneva ◽

E. Firkova ◽

E. Karaslavova

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Test Group ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Control Group ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Pocket Depth

Summary Chronic periodontitis is a result of polymicrobial infection and its treatment aims removal of dental calculus and biofi lm from the periodontal pocket. Many hand and power-driven instruments are created for this purpose. In recent years, lasers are widely discussed tools for periodontal therapy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the early microbiological and clinical effectiveness of the Er:YAG laser in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. 30 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis were enrolled in the study. Using a split-mouth design they were treated either with Er:YAG laser (chisel tip, 100 mJ, 15 Hz, 5-6 water spray)-test group or with Gracey curettes- control group. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing and plaque presence were evaluated at baseline and one month after the therapy. Microbiological samples were taken from the deepest four pockets of each quadrant from 20 randomly selected patients (n = 80). They were evaluated using real time PCR for periodontal pathogens from the red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia). One month after therapy in the control group PPD decreased from 4.59 mm to 3.36 mm, the CAL gain was 1.09 mm and the reduction of bleeding and plaque - from 87.9% to 33.7% and from 75.9% to 40.9%, respectively. In the test group PPD decreased from 4.58 mm to 3.15 mm, the CAL gain was 1.37mm and the reduction of bleeding and plaque was from 85.6% to 25.9% one month after the treatment. The results were statistically significant in favour of the laser group (p < 0.05). Microbiological analysis revealed that the pathogens from the red complex decreased 3 times in the control and 6 times in the test group. Therefore, the Er:YAG laser demonstrate pronounced early effectiveness in chronic periodontitis treatment and would be appropriate alternative of the conventional periodontal therapy.

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Developing a Noise Awareness Rising Web Application within the “Protect your Ears” Project

Infocommunications journal ◽

10.36244/icj.2020.3.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 17-23

Author(s):

Dániel Szántó ◽

Attila Zoltán Jenei ◽

Miklós Gábriel Tulics ◽

Klára Vicsi

Keyword(s):

Web Application ◽

Test Group ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

The Web ◽

Post Condition

Noise from our environment is causing evergreater problems such as hearing loss among the young. In many cases, children may be exposed to harmful noise even in the most common places such as schools and events. For this reason, we developed a web application in the frame the “Protect your Ears” project that aims the teaching of noise awareness. Playing with this web application helps children to be more aware in protecting their hearing. The web application was subjected to a cohort study where a test and control group was separated at an elementary school. The test group was able to use the web application for two weeks during the teaching sessions, while the control group could not. For objective measurement, the pedagogue used questionnaires before and after the examination. Statistical analyses were performed on the values obtained from the questionnaires. At the beginning of the study, we showed that the control and test groups were not heterogeneous at 5% significance level using the Mann Whitney U test. As a result, there was a significant difference between the preand post-condition for the test group using the Wilcoxon test at the 5% significance level compering to a control group. From this results, we can conclude that playing with the web application the children in the test group became more aware of the noise in their surrounding and mastered preventive behavior.

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A randomized comparative study of platelet-rich fibrin along with hydroxyapatite graft for the treatment of 3-walled defects in chronic periodontitis

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/mpr-1923 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anshuj Ajayrao Thetay ◽

Santosh Kumar ◽

Mohammed Irfan ◽

Rafael Guerra Lund ◽

Khushboo Desai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Periodontal Regeneration ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Polypeptide Growth Factors ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

And Control

Background. Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a concentrate of leucocyte and platelets that contains various polypeptide growth factors. It has immense potential for use as a periodontal regenerative material in periodontal defects. Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) has long been used as bone grafting material. Recently it has been reported that when PRF is used in combination with HA, itgives a synergistic effect and results in a better periodontal regeneration. The present study aims to explore the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of autologous PRF versus PRF+HA in the regenerative treatment of intrabony defects (IBD) in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods. Sixty patients with IBDs were divided into test and control groups. The test group patients were treated with autologous PRF, whereas the control group patients were treated with PRF+HA. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, three months, six months and nine months’ time interval. Radiographic measurements were recorded at baseline and nine months. Results. A reduction in PI, MGI, PPD, RAL, and IBD was observed in both the groups at nine months. Mean IBD reduction in the control group was 3.70 ± 1.16 mm, whereas, the mean reduction in the test group was 4.80 ± 1.03 mm, showing a significant reduction in IBDs. Similarly, the percentage of bone fill in the test group was 65% ± 3.67%, whereas bone fill in controls was 56.7% ± 3.56%, showing a significant bone fill in the study group. Conclusion. Treatment of IBDs with PRF+HA showed a significant improvement in all the clinical and radiographic parameters. When HA was added to PRF, it increased the regenerative effect in the treatment of 3 wall IBDs.

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Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5850 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Nazli Zainuddin ◽

Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽

Rosdan Salim

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Side Effects ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Test Group ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Control Group ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

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Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2604

Author(s):

Jin-Young Park ◽

Kyung-A Ko ◽

Ji-Yeong Lee ◽

Jae-Woon Oh ◽

Hyun-Chang Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Control Groups ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported ◽

And Control

Background: Mangosteen and propolis extracts (MAEC) have been potential therapeutic agents known to exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of MAEC as well as safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) on gingivitis and incipient periodontitis. Methods: This study was performed on 104 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or incipient periodontitis. At baseline, the participants were randomly allocated to either the test group, with daily intake of a single capsule containing 194 mg of MAEC for eight weeks, or control group, with placebo. Clinical periodontal evaluation and immunological parameters from saliva and gingival sulcular fluid were assessed at baseline, four, and eight weeks. Individual PROMs were assessed by OHIP-14 questionnaires. Results: There was a significant difference of modified gingival index at four and eight weeks between the test and control groups. In the test group, crevicular interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced, and the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was increased after eight weeks. PROMs were improved up to four weeks compared to placebo. Conclusion: Oral administration of MAEC would have a potential to reduce gingival inflammation clinically and immunologically in the patients with gingivitis and incipient periodontitis.

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A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2021-0353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ifra Abdul Qaiyyum ◽

Mohammad Nawab ◽

Munawwar Husain Kazmi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

End Point ◽

Intergroup Comparison ◽

And Control ◽

Change In Mean

Abstract Objectives Kalaf (Melasma) is an acquired facial hypermelanism. It has direct impact on patient’s quality of life and leads to development of various personality disorders. Lack of effective treatment and recurrences have drawn the attention of researcher to find alternative treatment. This study aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of a topical Unani formulation in the management of melasma. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical study on the participants diagnosed with melasma. The participants (n=72) randomized into test (n=36) and control (n=36) groups. Sixty participants (n=30 in each group) completed the duration of therapy. The participants of the test group were treated with a classical Unani formulation and control group with hydroquinone 4%. The primary end point was change in mean MASI score and secondary end point was improvement in quality of life after eight weeks of treatment. Results The Unani formulation reduced 40.5% mean MASI score (17.31 ± 9.58 to 10.28 ± 5.92) in comparison to 32% reduction in mean MASI score (20.58 ± 9.49 to 13.92 ± 7.38) in the control group after eight weeks of treatment. When comparing with baseline the difference in MASI score was found statistically significant in both groups (p<0.05). On intergroup comparison, the change in MASI score between both groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In addition, MQOL and DQLI also improved significantly in both groups. Conclusions This study concluded that the Unani formulation and the control drug were equally effective and safer in the management of melasma.

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