scholarly journals Diffusion ability of endotoxin through dentinal tubules

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Dias de Oliveira ◽  
Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho ◽  
Marcia Carneiro Valera ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Polyclonal Activator

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of endotoxin to diffuse through dentinal tubules towards the cement and to observe the period of time needed for it to reach the external root surface. Thirty single-rooted human teeth had their crowns and apices removed in order to standardize the root length to 15 mm. Teeth were instrumented until #30 K-file and made externally impermeable with epoxy adhesive, leaving 10 mm of the exposed root (middle third). The specimens were placed in plastic vials and irradiated (60Co gamma-rays). Then, they were divided into 2 groups (n = 15): G1) Escherichia coli endotoxin was inoculated into the root canal of the specimens and 1 ml of pyrogen-free water was put in the tubes; G2) (control): pyrogen-free water was inoculated into the root canals and 1 ml of pyrogen-free water was put in each tube. After 30 min, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 days, the water of the tubes was removed and replaced. The removed aliquot was tested for the presence of endotoxin. Considering that the endotoxin is a B-lymphocyte polyclonal activator, at each experimental period, B-lymphocyte culture was stimulated with a sample of water removed from each tube and antibody (IgM) production was detected by ELISA technique. The results of IgM production were higher in groups of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 days in relation to the other studied groups, with statistically significant differences (ANOVA and Tukey's test p < 0.05). Endotoxin was able to diffuse through the dentinal tubules towards the cement, reaching the external root surface after the period of 24 h.

scholarly journals Effect of scaling on the invasion of oral microorganisms into dentinal tubules including the response of pulpal cells—an in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Stähli ◽  
Alex S. J. Schatt ◽  
Miro Stoffel ◽  
Sandor Nietzsche ◽  
Anton Sculean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ◽  
Root Canals

Abstract Objectives To investigate how scaling affects the penetration of microorganisms into dentinal tubules, how pulpal cells seeded into the pulp cavity respond to bacterial challenge, and how penetration and inflammatory response may depend on the bacterial composition. Materials and methods Root canals of 102 extracted human teeth underwent shaping and cleaning. Half of the teeth were subjected to scaling and root planing, the other half remained untreated. Teeth were exposed to either Streptococcus gordonii and Actinomyces oris or S. gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis for 10 weeks. Bacterial invasion was assessed in a depth of 1 mm to the root surface. Human pulpal cells were seeded into the cavities to assess the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassay. Results The percentage of teeth with bacteria detected in dentine was higher when teeth received scaling than when they were untreated: 66.6% versus 44.4% when exposed to A. oris/S. gordonii, and 50% versus 25% when exposed to P. gingivalis/S. gordonii (p = 0.043). Scaling had no impact on IL-8 and MMP-3 expression in pulpal cells. P. gingivalis/S. gordonii caused higher levels of IL-8, MCP-1, and MMP-3 than A. oris/S. gordonii (p = 0.003, p = 0.011, p = 0.037). Conclusion Scaling supports the penetration of bacteria into the dentine of extracted human teeth. P. gingivalis may affect the immune response in pulpal cells. Clinical relevance Root surface debridement with hand instruments may facilitate bacterial penetration. Other kinds of mechanical instrumentation in this experimental setting should be investigated.

scholarly journals Diffusion of Hydroxyl Ions from Calcium Hydroxide and Aloe vera Pastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista ◽  
Douglas Dáquila Olian ◽  
Graziela Garrido Mori
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel

This study evaluated the diffusion through the dentinal tubules of hydroxyl ions from different calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes containing Aloe vera. Sixty single-rooted bovine teeth were used. The tooth crowns were removed, the root canals were instrumented and the specimens were assigned to 4 groups (n=15) according to the intracanal medication: Group CH/S - CH powder and saline paste; Group CH/P - CH powder and propylene glycol paste; Group CH/A - calcium hydroxide powder and Aloe vera gel paste; Group CH/A/P - CH powder, Aloe vera powder and propylene glycol paste. After placement of the root canal dressings, the teeth were sealed coronally and apically with a two-step epoxy adhesive. The teeth were placed in identified flasks containing deionized water and stored in an oven with 100% humidity at 37 °C. After 3 h, 24 h, 72 h, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days, the deionized water in the flasks was collected and its pH was measured by a pH meter. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%. The results demonstrated that all pastes provided diffusion of hydroxyl ions through the dentinal tubules. The combination of Aloe vera and CH (group CH/A) provided a constant release of calcium ions. Group CH/A/P showed the highest pH at 24 and 72 h. In conclusion, the experimental pastes containing Aloe vera were able to enable the diffusion of hydroxyl ions through the dentinal tubules.

scholarly journals Intratubular Antibacterial Effect of Polyethyleneimine Nanoparticles: AnEx VivoStudy in Human Teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Abramovitz ◽  
Dekel Wisblech ◽  
Natan Zaltsman ◽  
Ervin I. Weiss ◽  
Nurit Beyth
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Bacterial Viability ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Human Dentin ◽  
Periapical Diseases ◽  
Endodontic Disease

Enterococcus faecalisis a facultative gram positive bacterium which can remain in the teeth root canals and cause refractory or persistent periapical diseases.E. faecalisbacteria that penetrate the dentinal tubules can be the source of intracanal infection and endodontic disease. Quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine (QPEI) nanopolymers were shown to have long lasting antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The present study evaluated the intratubular antibacterial effect of an epoxy resin sealer incorporating 1% QPEI againstE. faecalisin a human dentin model. Root canals of extracted teeth were inoculated withE. faecalisfor 7 days prior to standard endodontic treatment. The antibacterial effect of an epoxy-amine resin endodontic sealer was tested at concentration of 0% or 1% (wt/wt) added QPEI nanoparticles. Reduction in bacterial viabilityp<0.01was depicted in the dentinal tubules of the root canals obturated with the sealer incorporating QPEI nanoparticles. In conclusion, QPEI nanoparticles when incorporated in a small percentage into epoxy-resin based sealer may targetE. faecalisin the dentinal tubules, producing a potent antibacterial effect that reduces significantly bacterial viability.

Effect of energy (J) on temperature changes at apical root surface when using Er:YAG laser to enlarge root canals

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus D. Pecora ◽  
Aldo Brugnera, Jr. ◽  
Fatima A. A. Zanin ◽  
Melissa A. Marchesan ◽  
Naser A. Daghastanli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Root Canals

Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. Berber ◽  
B. P. F. A. Gomes ◽  
N. T. Sena ◽  
M. E. Vianna ◽  
C. C. R. Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Root Canals

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Efficacy of Biopure MTAD in Root Canal Contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blerim Kamberi ◽  
Donika Bajrami ◽  
Miranda Stavileci ◽  
Shuhreta Omeragiq ◽  
Fatmir Dragidella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance

Aim. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of Biopure MTAD against E. faecalis in contaminated root canals. Materials and Methods. Forty-two single rooted extracted human teeth were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for four weeks. The samples were divided in two control and five experimental groups irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl); 3% NaOCl; BioPure MTAD; 1.5% NaOCl/17% EDTA; or 3% NaOCl/17% EDTA. After a one-week incubation, complete disinfection was confirmed by the absence of turbidity in the incubation media. Dentin shavings were taken from samples with no turbidity to verify whether E. faecalis was present in dentin tubules. Results were analyzed statistically using Fisher's exact test, with the level of significance set at . Results. Statistical analysis of the data obtained at Day 7 and after dentin shaving analysis showed that BioPure MTAD had significantly greater antibacterial activity than 1.5% NaOCl, 1.5% NaOCl/17% EDTA and 3% NaOCl/17% EDTA. No significant difference was detected between MTAD and 3% NaOCl. Conclusions. These findings suggest that BioPure MTAD possesses superior bactericidal activity compared with NaOCl and EDTA against E. faecalis.

scholarly journals The effect of different irrigation techniques on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Violeta Pavlovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Aim: To evaluate the effect of irrigation techniques, i.e. different types of irrigation needles, on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Method: The study was conducted on 16 extracted, single-rooted, human teeth. The samples were allocated to two experimental groups depending on the type of the irrigation needle. Conventional needles were used for the irrigation of Group I and laterally perforated ones for Group II. All root canals were instrumented using K files and the Step-back technique. During instrumentation, all samples were irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution followed by final irrigation with 17 % EDTA for 1 min. After that, all samples were irrigated with 10 ml of distilled water. The roots were, then, sectioned longitudinally and middle one third of each root canal was analyzed using SEM. Quantitative analysis was based on criteria by H?lsmann et al. Results: The obtained results showed that the more efficient removal of debris and the smear layer was accomplished in the group of samples irrigated using laterally perforated needles than conventional needles. The difference between the investigated irrigation techniques were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of laterally perforated needles for irrigation allows more efficient cleaning of root canal walls, i.e. the removal of debris and the smear layer.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of shaping ability of trunatomy and protaper gold files in curved canals using cone?beam computed tomography: An invitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Kadam Krutika Kiran ◽  
Vagarali Hemant ◽  
Pujar Madhu A ◽  
Tamase Aishwarya S ◽  
Sahana Umesh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Shaping Ability

This study aimed to compare the canal transportation and canal centering ability in the preparation of curved root canals after instrumentation with TruNatomy (TN) (TN; Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ProTaper Gold (PG) (PG; Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA) files using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT). 30 Single rooted extracted human teeth with root curvature ranging from 20-30° according to Schneider’s method were selected. Teeth with any visible cracks or fractures, calcifications, previous root canal treatments were excluded. The teeth were randomly assigned into two groups i.e. Group 1-TN and Group 2-PG (n = 15 each). The teeth were instrumented according to manufacturer’s guidelines for both the groups. Canals were scanned using a CBCT scanner before and after preparation to evaluate the transportation and centering ratio at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm from the apex. The data analysis was done using SPSS software and the test used was independent sample t test for comparison between the 2 groups.Data obtained suggested that TN group presented lesser canal transportation at the middle third of the root. The PG group showed better centering abitily at apical third of the root canal when both the groups were compared. TN resulted in less transportation than PG at the middle third, and PG showed better centering ability at the apical third. Overall, both systems safely prepared root canals, causing minimal errors.

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