scholarly journals Determining skeletal maturation stage using cervical vertebrae: evaluation of three diagnostic methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luci Mara Fachardo Jaqueira ◽  
Monica Costa Armond ◽  
Luciano José Pereira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Pinto de Alcântara ◽  
Leandro Silva Marques
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stage

scholarly journals A Comparison of Hand-wrist Bone and Cervical Vertebral Analyses in Measuring Skeletal Maturation

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Gandini ◽  
Marta Mancini ◽  
Federico Andreani
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Concordance Index ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Cervical Vertebral Maturation

Abstract Objective: To compare skeletal maturation as measured by hand-wrist bone analysis and by cervical vertebral analysis. Materials and Methods: A radiographic hand-wrist bone analysis and cephalometric cervical vertebral analysis of 30 patients (14 males and 16 females; 7–18 years of age) were examined. The hand-wrist bone analysis was evaluated by the Bjork index, whereas the cervical vertebral analysis was assessed by the cervical vertebral maturation stage (CVMS) method. To define vertebral stages, the analysis consisted of both cephalometric (13 points) and morphologic evaluation of three cervical vertebrae (concavity of second, third, and fourth vertebrae and shape of third and fourth vertebrae). These measurements were then compared with the hand-wrist bone analysis, and the results were statistically analyzed by the Cohen κ concordance index. The same procedure was repeated after 6 months and showed identical results. Results: The Cohen κ index obtained (mean ± SD) was 0.783 ± 0.098, which is in the significant range. The results show a concordance of 83.3%, considering that the estimated percentage for each case is 23.3%. The results also show a correlation of CVMS I with Bjork stages 1–3 (interval A), CVMS II with Bjork stage 4 (interval B), CVMS III with Bjork stage 5 (interval C), CVMS IV with Bjork stages 6 and 7 (interval D), and CVMS V with Bjork stages 8 and 9 (interval E). Conclusions: Vertebral analysis on a lateral cephalogram is as valid as the hand-wrist bone analysis with the advantage of reducing the radiation exposure of growing subjects.

scholarly journals Perbedaan maturasi skeletal ditinjau dari berat badan dan jenis kelamin pada anak usia 8-12 tahunThe difference in skeletal maturation of children aged 8-12 years between underweight and normal

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Jeffri Vermilion ◽  
Mimi Marina Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Pendahuluan: Periode tumbuh kembang pada perawatan pasien ortodonti merupakan hal penting untuk menentukan waktu perawatan maloklusi yang dapat dilihat dari maturasi skeletal. Perawatan kelas II skeletal paling baik dimulai pada masa pubertas atau cervical vertebrae maturation stage (CVMS) 3 atau 4 yaitu sekitar umur 10-12 tahun pada perempuan dan 12-14 pada laki-laki, dan pada kelas III pada masa prepubertal atau CVMS 1 yaitu sekitar 8-9 tahun untuk perempuan dan 8-11 tahun untuk laki-laki. Maturasi skeletal dapat dipengaruhi oleh status gizi seseorang. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan maturasi skeletal pada anak usia 8-12 tahun ditinjau berat badan dan jenis kelamin. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik yang dilakukan pada 100 pasien ortodonti RSGM USU usia 8-12 tahun terdiri dari 50 pasien berat badan kurang dan 50 pasien berat badan normal. Pasien berat badan kurang dan normal diperoleh melalui pengukuran berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran maturasi skeletal menggunakan metode Bacetti yang terdiri dari CVMS 1-CVMS 6 dengan uji chi-square sebagai data analisis. Hasil: Maturasi skeletal berat badan kurang sebanyak 40% CVMS 1, 30% CVMS 2, 16% CVMS 3, 12% CVMS 4, dan 2% CVMS 5, sedangkan pada berat badan normal 12% CVMS 1, 34% CVMS 2, 26% CVMS 3, 18% CVMS 4, dan 10% CVMS 5. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan maturasi skeletal dengan berat badan kurang dan normal diperoleh nilai p=0,015; p<0,05 dan menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara maturasi skeletal dengan jenis kelamin dimana p<0,05. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan maturasi skeletal antara berat badan kurang dan normal namun tidak terdapat perbedaan maturasi skeletal pada laki-laki dan perempuan pada anak usia 8-12 tahun.Kata kunci: Maturasi skeletal, indeks massa tubuh, metode Bacetti. ABSTRACTIntroduction: The growth and development period in orthodontic treatment is important in determining the malocclusion treatment timing, which can be seen from skeletal maturation. Class II skeletal treatment is best started at puberty or cervical vertebrae maturation stage (CVMS) 3 or 4, around the age of 10-12 years in women and 12-14 in men. In class III skeletal treatment is best started at the prepubertal period or CVMS 1, namely about 8-9 years for women and 8-11 years for men. Skeletal maturation can be affected by a person's nutritional status. This study was aimed to analyse the differences in skeletal maturation in children aged 8-12 years in terms of body weight and sex. Methods: This type of analytical observational study was conducted on 100 orthodontic patients at Universitas Sumatera Utara Dental Hospital aged 8-12 years consisting of 50 underweight patients and 50 normal-weight patients. The patients' weight was obtained through measurements based on body mass index; then, the skeletal maturation was measured using the Bacetti method consisting of CVMS 1-CVMS 6 with the chi-square test as data analysis. Results: Underweight skeletal maturation was 40% CVMS 1, 30% CVMS 2, 16% CVMS 3, 12% CVMS 4, and 2% CVMS 5, while at normal weight 12% CVMS 1, 34% CVMS 2, 26 % CVMS 3, 18% CVMS 4, and 10% CVMS 5. The chi square test results showed differences in skeletal maturation with underweight and normal body weight, the value of p=0.015; p<0.05 and no significant difference between skeletal maturation and sex where p<0.05. Conclusion: There is a difference in skeletal maturation between underweight and normal body weight, but there is no difference in skeletal maturation between sex in children aged 8-12 years.Keywords: Skeletal maturation, body mass index, Bacetti method.

Effects of Orthodontic Functional Appliances in Relation to Skeletal Maturation of Cervical Vertebrae in Class II Malocclusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Francisco Guinot ◽  
Marina Ferrer ◽  
Lara Díaz-González ◽  
Cristina García ◽  
Isabel Maura
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

Aim: To evaluate the effects produced by functional orthodontic appliances at dental and skeletal level in relation to the level of skeletal maturation in class II patients. Study design: Longitudinal and observational study. Patients selected for the study had been wearing Sander Bite Jumping Appliance (SBJA) for at least 12 months; they were first diagnosed (T1) with skeletal class II according to Ricketts’ cephalometric analysis, and had had lateral cephalograms taken before and after orthopaedic treatment (T2). Variables studied at T1 and T2 were: facial convexity, inclination of the upper and lower incisors, and facial depth. Results were compared between T1 and T2 for each variable and in relation to cervical maturation stage (CVS) according to the Lamparski analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using Shapiro–Wilk, t-student, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison tests, taking as statistically significant a p-value &lt;0.05. Results: A final sample of 235 patients was obtained. Statistically significant differences were found in the inclination of the mandibular incisors between T1 and T2 and among the different cervical stages when the functional appliances were placed in CVS1 (p = 0.000), CVS2 (p = 0.04) or CVS5 (p = 0.048). For the remaining variables, significant differences were also found between T1 and T2, but these differences were similar in all cervical stages. Conclusions: A significant proclination of the mandibular incisors was found when the functional appliance was placed during CVS1, CVS2, or CVS5. Time of placement of the functional appliances was not statistically significant for the remaining variables studied.

scholarly journals Anatomical evaluation of the cervical vertebrae of Wistar rats by means of digital radiographs and its correlation with the maturation stages of human cervical vertebrae

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Roberto Hiroshi Matsui ◽  
Julio Cezar de Melo Castilho ◽  
Luiz César de Moraes ◽  
Mônica Fernandes Gomes ◽  
Kurt Faltin Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Development Assessment

INTRODUCTION: Biological age is an important parameter for growth and development assessment. It can be evaluated through the observation of radiographic changes in skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to: a) verify if there is correlation between growth curve and the stages of bone age of animals used in laboratories, by evaluating radiographs of the cervical vertebrae; b) correlate these stages with their correspondents in humans. METHODS: 35 Wistar rats were evaluated for a period of 160 days, starting at day 22nd (weaning), with cross sections for periodic weighing, length measurement and digital radiography. Radiographs of the cervical vertebrae (C2 and C3) were measured by means of a computer program (Radio IMP). Data were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Growth spurt was characterized by fast increasing in weight and length. Through ANOVA, differences were observed in the cervical measurements between days 22, 97, 127, 157, 187 and 217 (p <0.001). A high correlation was found between increasing in body length and weight, as well as in cervical vertebrae height (r = 0.86). Increments in concavities of vertebrae were also observed, similar to humans. CONCLUSIONS: There is correlation between body growth and maturation of cervical vertebrae in rats. Despite the continuous development of concavities, it was not possible to clearly identify the 5/6 stages as in studies of cervical vertebrae maturation in humans.

Skeletal maturation analysis by morphological evaluation of the cervical vertebrae

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo César Almada Santos ◽  
Francisco Antônio Bertoz ◽  
Flávia de Moraes Arantes ◽  
Patrícia Maria Pizzo Reis ◽  
André Pinheiro de Magalhães Bertoz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Morphological Evaluation

The determination of skeletal maturation by morphological evaluation of the cervical vertebrae was evaluated in a 100 cephalograms. The analysis showed that this method was reproducible for assessing the individual's growth curve.

Assessment of Skeletal Maturation using Mandibular Second Molar Maturation Stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Goyal ◽  
S Goyal ◽  
N Gugnani
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between cervical vertebrae maturation and mandibular second molar calcification stages.Study design: The study was designed as a retrospective, descriptive and crosssectional research project. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of 99 males and 110 females in the age range of 7 to 18 years 7 months were evaluated with Demirjian Index (DI) and cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMI) of Hassel and Farman. A null hypothesis was proposed that there is no relation between CVMI and DI. Results: A highly significant association (Pearson's contingency coefficient 0.713 for males and 0.863 for females) was found between DI and CVMI. In males, the DI stage E corresponded to stage 2 of CVMI (pre–peak of pubertal growth spurt) and DI stages F and G corresponded to stages 3 and 4 of CVMI (peak of pubertal growth spurt). DI stage H was associated with stages 5 and 6 of CVMI (end of pubertal growth spurt). In females, the DI stages C, D corresponded to CVMI stages 1, 2; DI stages E, F with CVMI stages 3, 4; DI stages G, H with CVMI stages 5, 6. Conclusion: Mandibular second molar calcification stages can be used as indicators for assessment of skeletal maturity.

scholarly journals Growth Modification in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Sufia Nasrin Rita ◽  
SM Anwar Sadat
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Growth Modification

Class II malocclusion is the condition in which the mandibular first molars occlude distal to the normal relationship with the maxillary first molar. The etiology of class II malocclusion varied between skeletal, soft tissues, dental factors and habits. Skeletal class II could be because of protrusion of maxilla, retrusion of mandible and combination of both. The treatment modalities of any skeletal problem include Growth modification, Dental camouflage and Orthognathic surgery. The optimal time for treatment of patients with Class II malocclusions therapy should be initiated at the beginning of cervical vertebrae maturation stage CS3 to maximize the treatment effects. Age of treatment is approximately 8-14 years. The growth modification of moderate to severe skeletal class II malocclusion can be done by head gear, bionator, activator, twin block, herbest appliance, Frankel II regulator. The ultimate goal of growth modification depends on treatment timing, length of treatment, working mechanism of appliance, patient’s skeletal and dental condition we want to treat and the compliance of the patient.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (2): 23-26

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