Early Origins of Cardiometabolic Disease

2017 ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyanaraman Kumaran ◽  
Clive Osmond ◽  
Caroline H. D. Fall
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Disease

Targeting Apelinergic System in Cardiometabolic Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Olivia Rogers ◽  
Sreejayan Nair
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Disease

scholarly journals The overlap of genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia and cardiometabolic disease can be used to identify metabolically different groups of individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rona J. Strawbridge ◽  
Keira J. A. Johnston ◽  
Mark E. S. Bailey ◽  
Damiano Baldassarre ◽  
Breda Cullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractUnderstanding why individuals with severe mental illness (Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder) have increased risk of cardiometabolic disease (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease), and identifying those at highest risk of cardiometabolic disease are important priority areas for researchers. For individuals with European ancestry we explored whether genetic variation could identify sub-groups with different metabolic profiles. Loci associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder from previous genome-wide association studies and loci that were also implicated in cardiometabolic processes and diseases were selected. In the IMPROVE study (a high cardiovascular risk sample) and UK Biobank (general population sample) multidimensional scaling was applied to genetic variants implicated in both psychiatric and cardiometabolic disorders. Visual inspection of the resulting plots used to identify distinct clusters. Differences between these clusters were assessed using chi-squared and Kruskall-Wallis tests. In IMPROVE, genetic loci associated with both schizophrenia and cardiometabolic disease (but not bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder) identified three groups of individuals with distinct metabolic profiles. This grouping was replicated within UK Biobank, with somewhat less distinction between metabolic profiles. This work focused on individuals of European ancestry and is unlikely to apply to more genetically diverse populations. Overall, this study provides proof of concept that common biology underlying mental and physical illness may help to stratify subsets of individuals with different cardiometabolic profiles.

scholarly journals Attendance, activation and health profiles of participants, a prospective study on a regional cardiometabolic disease self-management program in Laval, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Girard ◽  
Janusz Kaczorowski ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Lussier ◽  
Vivianne Martin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background Chronic diseases are responsible for over 70% of all deaths globally. While some self-management programs have been shown to be efficacious in preventing or altering trajectories for some chronic conditions, scaling-up and sustaining such programs beyond tightly-controlled study conditions remain a major challenge. CISSS-Laval partnered with the Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program team to co-develop Cible-santé/prévention and evaluate the first cohort of participants enrolled in the program, in order to better understand the program’s implementation and scope. The objective of the current study was to describe the profile of attendees and the level of engagement of participants in a new, region-wide cardiometabolic disease self-management program offered in Laval, Canada. Methods This was a prospective study with no comparison group. Potential participants were identified and referred to the program from April to December 2015 by their primary care health professional practicing in one of the city’s interdisciplinary primary care clinics. They had their blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index measured by trained volunteers, and completed a questionnaire on health habits, level of activation and the risk of developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes over the next 10 years. Results A descriptive analysis of the first cohort of 141 Cible-Santé/prévention participants showed very low attendance. Furthermore, only 1 in 10 of enrolled participants completed the full program. The program typically attracted adults with some risk factors associated with their conditions (high waist circumference, obesity), but with an already high level of knowledge, skills and confidence to participate in self-management activities. Conclusion This study provides a portrait of new participants to a self-management cardiometabolic disease program, which highlights the potential of supporting patients ready to make changes but also exposes the difficulty of attracting a larger number and diversity of participants and in encouraging completion of the program.

GDF15: emerging biology and therapeutic applications for obesity and cardiometabolic disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Emily A. Day ◽  
Logan K. Townsend ◽  
Djordje Djordjevic ◽  
Sebastian Beck Jørgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Applications

The role of genetics in fetal programming of adult cardiometabolic disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carlos Sánchez-Soriano ◽  
Ewan R. Pearson ◽  
Rebecca M. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Maternal Genotype ◽  
Disease Risks ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Disturbances affecting early development have broad repercussions on the individual’s health during infancy and adulthood. Multiple observational studies throughout the years have shown that alterations of fetal growth are associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risks. However, the genetic component of this association only started to be investigated in the last 40 years, when single genes with distinct effects were investigated. Birth weight (BW), commonly reported as the outcome of developmental growth, has been estimated to be 20% to 60% heritable. Through Genome-Wide Association (GWA) meta-analyses, 190 different loci have been identified being associated with BW, and while many of these loci designate genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, with clear ties to fetal development, the role of others is not yet understood. In addition, due to its influence over the intrauterine environment, the maternal genotype also plays an important part in the determination of offspring BW, with the same loci having independent effects of different magnitude or even direction. There is still much to uncover regarding the genetic determinants of BW and the interactions between maternal, offspring, and even paternal genotype. To fully understand these, diverse and novel cohorts from multiple ancestries collecting extensive neonatal phenotype will be needed. This review compiles, chronologically, the main findings in the investigation of the genetics of BW.

scholarly journals Replication study reveals miR-483-5p as an important target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widet Gallo ◽  
Filip Ottosson ◽  
Cecilia Kennbäck ◽  
Amra Jujic ◽  
Jonathan Lou S. Esguerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Micro Rnas

Abstract Background Alterations in levels of circulating micro-RNAs might reflect within organ signaling or subclinical tissue injury that is linked to risk of diabetes and cardiovascular risk. We previously found that serum levels of miR-483-5p is correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in a case–control sample from the populations-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular Cohort (MDC-CC). We here aimed at replicating these findings and to test for association with carotid atherosclerosis. Methods We measured miR-483-5p in fasting serum of 1223 healthy subjects from the baseline examination of the population-based, prospective cohort study Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) and correlated miR-483-5p to cardiometabolic risk factors and to incidence of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up using logistic regression. In both MOS and MDC-CC we related mir-483-5p to carotid atherosclerosis measured with ultrasound. Results In cross-sectional analysis miR-483-5p was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, HDL, and sex. After adjustment for age and sex, the association remained significant for all risk factors except for HDL. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between miR-483-5p and new-onset diabetes (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.06–3.56, p = 0.032) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.06–3.75, p = 0.033) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up. Furthermore, miR-483-5p was significantly related with maximum intima-media thickness of the carotid bulb in MDC-CC (p = 0.001), but not in MOS, whereas it was associated with increasing number of plaques in MOS (p = 0.007). Conclusion miR-483-5p is related to an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk factor profile and predicts diabetes and CAD, possibly through an effect on atherosclerosis. Our results encourage further studies of possible underlying mechanisms and means of modifying miR-483-5p as a possible interventional target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease.

Modulation of cardiometabolic disease markers by type I interferon inhibition in systemic lupus erythematosus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A Casey ◽  
Michael A Smith ◽  
Dominic Sinibaldi ◽  
Nickie L Seto ◽  
Martin P Playford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Type I ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Disease Markers

A Crucial Role for Diet in the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Cardiometabolic Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Attaye ◽  
Sara-Joan Pinto-Sietsma ◽  
Hilde Herrema ◽  
Max Nieuwdorp
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality on a global scale. The gut microbiota has emerged as a potential target to beneficially modulate CMD risk, possibly via dietary interventions. Dietary interventions have been shown to considerably alter gut microbiota composition and function. Moreover, several diet-derived microbial metabolites are able to modulate human metabolism and thereby alter CMD risk. Dietary interventions that affect gut microbiota composition and function are therefore a promising, novel, and cost-efficient method to reduce CMD risk. Studies suggest that fermentable carbohydrates can beneficially alter gut microbiota composition and function, whereas high animal protein and high fat intake negatively impact gut microbiota function and composition. This review focuses on the role of macronutrients (i.e., carbohydrate, protein, and fat) and dietary patterns (e.g., vegetarian/vegan and Mediterranean diet) in gut microbiota composition and function in the context of CMD.

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