Approaches of South African Traditional Healers regarding the Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Dagher ◽  
Eleanor Ross
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
African Languages ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Research Design

Objective Due to the large number of Black South Africans known to consult with traditional healers and the influential role they play in the developing world, this study investigated the approaches of a group of 15 traditional healers toward the treatment of cleft lip and palate. Design An exploratory-descriptive, qualitative research design was employed, which involved the use of standardized, semistructured interviews, conducted with the assistance of an interpreter who was fluent in several African languages. Setting Interviews were conducted outdoors in places in which traditional healers usually consult with their patients. These areas were in the fields close to the traditional healers’ homes or under a highway bridge in the Johannesburg inner city. Participants Individual interviews were conducted with 15 African traditional healers who had been practicing in their callings for at least 1 year. Results Traditional healers interviewed had treated one to six persons with a cleft lip, cleft palate, or both. Most informants believed that clefts were caused by the ancestors, spirits, and witchcraft. A variety of plant and animal products were used to treat these conditions and were augmented by spiritual resources from the ancestors. All except one healer had undergone formal training, although they had received no specific training relative to cleft lip and palate. Most participants reported referring patients to Western health care practitioners who were referred to as modern doctors but did not receive reciprocal referrals from these professionals. Patients generally consulted with traditional healers because this approach was part of their culture. Conclusions These findings have important implications for health care professionals as well as traditional healers in terms of cross-cultural consultation, collaboration, and information sharing with regard to cleft lip and palate; the potential use of traditional healers in primary health care and education; and further research.

A Tale of Two Systems: Beliefs and Practices of South African Muslim and Hindu Traditional Healers regarding Cleft Lip and Palate

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 642-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Ross
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Individual Interviews

Objectives: This South African study compared the views of 15 Muslim and 8 Hindu traditional healers regarding the etiology and treatment of craniofacial clefts, reasons for people consulting with them, and collaboration with Western professionals. Data Analysis: The original data were collected via individual interviews. Secondary data analysis was conducted to highlight common themes. Results: Four Hindu and 12 Muslim healers believed that the condition was God sent. Both groups acknowledged the existence of various superstitions within their communities. For example, if a pregnant woman handled a sharp object during an eclipse, her infant could be born with a cleft. All Hindu healers also attributed clefts to karma. All the Muslim healers counseled patients and families. Fourteen referred people for medical help, 10 emphasized the importance of prayer, and 3 recommended the wearing of amulets containing a prayer. No Hindu healers provided direct treatment. Three advised parents to fast, six arranged fire and purification ceremonies in the temples, and three consulted the person's astrological chart to dispel any bad karma. Both groups of healers advised people to give to charity. Eight Hindu healers and eight Muslim healers believed that people consulted with them because of cultural influences and because they alleviated feelings of guilt. Four Hindu and 13 Muslim healers favored collaboration with Western practitioners. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive rehabilitation practices, collaboration, referrals, and information sharing between Eastern and Western health care practitioners.

Parent Perceptions of Initial Feeding Experiences of Children Born With Cleft Palate in a Rural Locale

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 908-917
Author(s):  
Meghan Snyder ◽  
Dennis M. Ruscello
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Parent Perceptions ◽  
Early Feeding ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Informational Resource

Background and Hypothesis: An early problem frequently present in infants born with cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), or cleft palate (CP) is difficulty feeding. In many cases, health-care professionals are not familiar with the appropriate feeding techniques and unable to instruct parents correctly. This problem can be particularly significant in rural areas where health-care resources are limited and children with clefts are seen on an infrequent basis. The purpose of the investigation was to study the initial feeding experiences of parents who reside in rural areas and whose children were born with CL, CLP, or CP. Method: A 29-item questionnaire was developed and administered to 26 families. The results were analyzed and summarized descriptively. Results and Conclusion: The majority of parents reported initial difficulties with feeding their infants. They indicated the need to seek information and assistance from various sources. As a result of the findings, an informational resource was developed to inform rural health-care professionals of the early feeding issues of children born with CL, CLP, or CP.

What Information Do Parents of Newborns with Cleft Lip, Palate, or Both Want to Know?

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Young ◽  
Maryann O'Riordan ◽  
Jeffrey A. Goldstein ◽  
Nathaniel H. Robin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Psychosocial Issues ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background The unexpected birth of a baby with a cleft lip and palate (CL/P) is a shocking and traumatic experience, generating anxiety for parents as well as the attendant health care team. Parents frequently leave the hospital with many unanswered questions because health care professionals do not educate them adequately. Objective To determine what information these parents felt was “critical” for them during the immediate newborn period and to determine how the “informer” was perceived during these encounters. Design Retrospective, self-administered questionnaire. Subjects and Methods Biologic parents of children with isolated CL/P aged 6 years and younger were surveyed. The questionnaire asked parents whether they remembered discussing diagnosis, prognosis, management, home care, and psychosocial issues. Parents were also asked to rank how “critical” it would have been for the “informer” to have discussed certain issues with them during this first day. Results Parents gave the highest priority to feeding and learning to identify illness in their baby; 95% wanted to be shown all normal aspects of their baby's exam, and 87% wanted to be told that the CL/P was not their fault. Usage of proper terminology to describe abnormal findings and receiving assurance that their child was not in pain were also important. Unfortunately, many parents reported that the informers did not address these issues. Conclusions Parents of newborns with CL/P want basic information in the immediate newborn period, especially regarding feeding and recognizing illness. These data suggest that informers are not adequately discussing these issues with parents.

Felt Needs of Parents Who Have a 0- to 3-Month-Old Child with a Cleft Lip and Palate

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rattiya Chuacharoen ◽  
Wipapun Ritthagol ◽  
Jaranya Hunsrisakhun ◽  
Kittikorn Nilmanat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Holistic Care

Objective: To describe the felt needs of parents who have children from birth to 3 months of age with a cleft lip and palate. Design: Parents were interviewed using structured and semistructured questions at 1 week and 1, 2, and 3 months after birth. Participants: Fifteen parents, including 12 mothers and three fathers, of patients with cleft lip and palate aged 0 to 3 months were interviewed. Results: During the first week after birth, the majority of parents needed to know about feeding and surgery. At 1, 2, and 3 months after birth, more information was required, especially on different surgeries during those periods and speech problems. In addition, a number of parents requested funding for every period, and very few had expectations of moral support from health care professionals. Conclusions: The felt needs expressed in this study changed according to periods of time and mainly concerned feeding, speech problems, and surgery, as well as financial support. The needs of parents, particularly during the transitional period, should be considered as a provision of holistic care for patients with cleft lip and palate and their families.

scholarly journals L'ultima cura

2010 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Paediatric Oncology ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Interesting Contribution ◽  
The University ◽  
Centres Of Excellence

This book is the outcome of a new method of investigating the life experiences of health personnel engaged in paediatric oncology. It brings together the results of individual interviews with each member of the medical, nursing and technical staff in the Paediatric Oncology Department of the University Polyclinic of Padua and the Giannina Gaslini Institute of Genoa. The interviews, prepared using an open questionnaire format, were carried out by qualified personnel, after which the results were analysed and illustrated to the group of health care professionals involved. The two experiences, which are extremely significant in view of the distinction of the two centres of excellence involved, are compared and discussed with a view to making an interesting contribution to the debate on the delicate issues of bioethics implicated in problems connected with the end of life during the developmental stage.

scholarly journals Experienced Loneliness in Home-Based Rehabilitation: Perspectives of Older Adults With Disabilities and Their Health Care Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233339361983166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sine Lykke ◽  
Charlotte Handberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Interpretive Description ◽  
Adults With Disabilities ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Home Based ◽  
And Coping

This study aimed to describe and interpret perspectives of older adults with disabilities and their health care professionals (HCPs) on experienced loneliness during home-based rehabilitation. The interpretive description methodology guided the study. Data included semistructured individual interviews with seven older adults and a focus group interview with three HCPs. The analysis revealed four main findings that symbolized experienced loneliness. “Unspoken pain” and “gatekeeping emotions” concerning experienced loneliness as a taboo and stigma during rehabilitation were closely connected. “Resignation” and “awaiting company” signified the consequences of experienced loneliness when not addressed. Unspoken pain, gatekeeping emotions, resignation, and awaiting company were dominating experiences in the lives of the older adults during a home-based rehabilitation program following disability. This had restrained them from verbalizing and coping with loneliness during rehabilitation and life in general. The HCPs’ attempt to provide support for the older adults in coping with loneliness appeared to be characterized by gatekeeping emotions and keeping hidden agendas.

Dentofacial Form in the Five-Year-Old Child with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Mackay ◽  
John Bottomley ◽  
Gunvor Semb ◽  
Christopher Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Racial Group ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Quality Of Treatment ◽  
Care Workers

It is generally believed that studies of outcome for children with clefts of the lip and palate should be based on patients who are in their teens. This means that health care workers who look after these children would have to wait many years until the quality of treatment could be evaluated. In this study, significant differences between two centers, Oslo and Manchester, in facial form at the age of 5 years were detected. Based on cephalometric analysis, children from Manchester were more likely to have a retrognathic maxilla with the upper lip significantly behind the esthetic plane. An important future step may be the setting up of “reference centers” with a large archive of database information for each racial group. This would assist smaller centers in comparing their outcomes.

scholarly journals The use of traditional medicine by caregivers for children under the age of five years as health seeking behaviour

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shanitha Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Sick Children

Child health has always been a global priority for decades; however, despite efforts to reduce the child mortality statistics, 5.9 million children under the age of five years have deceased in 2015. IMCI guidelines are used to assess, classify and treat sick children under the age of five years, however, despite the prevalent use of traditional medicine for this age group of children, the guidelines excludes the use of traditional medicine, hence the tendency exists to ignore such questions being asked. It is this gap in the history taking pertaining to sick children seeking health care at clinics that the researcher has identified, therefore, this study is intended to highlight the use of traditional medicine in children under the age of five years. The researcher’s methodology is a quantitative descriptive study by means of a self- developed structured questionnaire which was handed out to 183 caregivers attending a Gateway Clinic and 324 caregivers at Paediatric Out – Patient Department. The total sample size was 507 caregivers of children under the age of five years. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17. The data derived from this study indicated that although most caregivers would take their sick children to the clinic for first line treatment, there are a significant number who would rather use home remedies or seek care from traditional healers. The study reveals that 28.5% of caregivers were found to be administering traditional medicine with conventional medicine and 17.4% would do so concurrently. Evidence also revealed that 75.7% of the caregivers would disclose the use of traditional medicine for their children only if nurses enquired about it. Recommendations arising from the study findings are that the IMCI guidelines should incorporate a classification chart for use by health care professionals in order to identify children who were treated by traditional medicine preferably as “RED” - requiring urgent attention and possible admission to hospital, in view of the potential threat to life. Since the IMCI guidelines are also a teaching tool in nursing curricula, the assessment of sick children using traditional medicine will be incorporated into the formal teaching of nurses. Key words used were Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses, effects and use of traditional medicine on children.

Experiences of Canadian Parents of Young Children With Cleft Lip and/or Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562097727
Author(s):  
Eleonore E. Breuning ◽  
Rebecca J. Courtemanche ◽  
Douglas J. Courtemanche
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care Experience

Purpose: Prior literature has described the perspectives of parents of young children with clip lip and/or palate; however, few studies have described parents’ experiences within a Canadian health care system. This study aims to better understand the experiences of parents of young children with cleft lip and/or palate seen at a Canadian tertiary care center and identify their care needs. Design: In-depth semistructured interviews. Setting: Pediatric tertiary care center. Participants: Parents of children younger than 7 years of age with cleft lip and/or palate. Results: From 14 interviews, 4 themes were identified. The diagnosis theme was associated with reactions, timing, and search for information. Key concerns within the theme of physiology and function were around feeding and speech. The health care experience theme included burden of care, peripheral hospitals and services, the cleft lip and palate clinic, and clinicians. The psychosocial theme included parents’ reactions to their child’s pain, coping strategies, family interactions, and school/day care experiences. Parents felt care could be improved by having: access to good information and community speech therapists, shorter appointment wait times, a peer support network, and increased cleft knowledge within their child’s school and peer groups. Conclusions: The experience of parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate is complex but can be organized into 4 themes. Clinics may consider suggestions offered by parents to improve care. Future work should address parents’ needs and aim to create a parent-reported quality-of-life measure specific to parents of young children with cleft lip and/or palate.

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