A Cephalometric Evaluation of Craniofacial Morphology in Familial Dysautonomia

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliyahu Mass ◽  
Ilana Brin ◽  
Leon Belostoky ◽  
Channa Maayan ◽  
Natan Gadoth
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Familial Dysautonomia ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Characteristic Appearance ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Objective The purpose of this study was to delineate the craniofacial and dentoalveolar morphology of patients with familial dysautonomia (FD) in order to contribute to the understanding of the association between progressive sensory and autonomic neuropathy and the characteristic appearance of the dys-autonomic face. Patients The study group comprised 32 patients with FD (15 females and 17 males; mean age 10.8 years, SD 3.5 years, range 5.8-19.8 years). Design Lateral cephalograms from each patient were traced twice. The means of the two measurements were compared with homologous cephalo-metric normal values of ethnic-specific and classical norms from the literature. Results In some parameters, the craniofacial morphology of the FD group was significantly different from the classical norms. There was a pronounced retrognathism in the mandible and a steep mandibular plane angle. The skeletal features of FD patients more closely resembled those of their ethnic group, although they were more retrognathic, and the mandibular growth axis was more horizontal. The incisors of these patients were more retropositioned and retroclined than were those of their healthy counterparts. Conclusions The results suggest an insufficiency of the expected dentoal-veolar compensatory mechanism that usually helps to bridge skeletal discrepancies. It is postulated that the neuropathy is probably the important factor in the lack of this compensatory mechanism.

Dental and skeletal effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate on hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusions in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Yoon Jung ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Ja Hyeong Ku ◽  
Nam-Ki Lee ◽  
Yoonji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Palatal Plate ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Facial Types

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the dental and skeletal treatment effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plates (MCPPs) on adolescent patients with hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods The study group included 40 patients with Class II malocclusion (18 boys and 22 girls, mean age = 12.2 ± 1.4 years) treated with MCPPs. Fixed orthodontic treatment started with the distalizing process in both groups. Participants were divided into hypo- or hyperdivergent groups based on their pretreatment Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) ≤22° or ≥28°, respectively. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were digitized, and 23 variables were measured and compared for both groups using paired and independent t-tests. Results The hyper- and hypodivergent groups showed 2.7 mm and 4.3 mm of first molar crown distalizing movement, respectively (P < .001). The hypodivergent group had a slight 2.2° crown distal tipping of first molars compared with 0.3° in the hyperdivergent group. After distalization, the FMA increased 3.1° and 0.3°, in the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups, respectively (P < .001). SNA decreased in the hypodivergent group, while other skeletal variables presented no statistically significant differences in the changes between the groups. Conclusions The hypodivergent group showed more distal and tipping movement of the maxillary first molar and increased FMA than the hyperdivergent group. Therefore, clinicians must consider vertical facial types when distalizing molars using MCPPs in Class II nonextraction treatment.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate on hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusions in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Chang Yoon Jung ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Ja Hyeong Ku ◽  
Nam-Ki Lee ◽  
Yoonji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Palatal Plate ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Facial Types

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the dental and skeletal treatment effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plates (MCPPs) on adolescent patients with hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods The study group included 40 patients with Class II malocclusion (18 boys and 22 girls, mean age = 12.2 ± 1.4 years) treated with MCPPs. Fixed orthodontic treatment started with the distalizing process in both groups. Participants were divided into hypo- or hyperdivergent groups based on their pretreatment Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) ≤22° or ≥28°, respectively. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were digitized, and 23 variables were measured and compared for both groups using paired and independent t-tests. Results The hyper- and hypodivergent groups showed 2.7 mm and 4.3 mm of first molar crown distalizing movement, respectively (P < .001). The hypodivergent group had a slight 2.2° crown distal tipping of first molars compared with 0.3° in the hyperdivergent group. After distalization, the FMA increased 3.1° and 0.3°, in the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups, respectively (P < .001). SNA decreased in the hypodivergent group, while other skeletal variables presented no statistically significant differences in the changes between the groups. Conclusions The hypodivergent group showed more distal and tipping movement of the maxillary first molar and increased FMA than the hyperdivergent group. Therefore, clinicians must consider vertical facial types when distalizing molars using MCPPs in Class II nonextraction treatment.

scholarly journals The maxillary incisor display at rest: analysis of the underlying components

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Jeelani ◽  
Mubassar Fida ◽  
Attiya Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maxillary incisal display is one of the most important attributes of smile esthetics. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between maxillary incisal display at rest (MIDR) and various soft tissue, hard tissue and dental components. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 subjects (75 males, 75 females) aged 18-30 years. The MIDR was recorded from the pretreatment orthodontic records. The following parameters were assessed on lateral cephalograms: ANB angle, mandibular plane angle, palatal plane angle, lower anterior and total anterior facial heights, upper incisor inclination, upper anterior dentoalveolar height, and upper lip length, thickness and protrusion. The relationship between MIDR and various skeletal, dental and soft tissue components was assessed using linear regression analyses. Results: The mean MIDR was significantly greater in females than males (p = 0.011). A significant positive correlation was found between MIDR and ANB angle, mandibular plane angle and lower anterior facial height. A significant negative correlation was found between MIDR and upper lip length and thickness. Linear regression analysis showed that upper lip length was the strongest predictor of MIDR, explaining 29.7% of variance in MIDR. A multiple linear regression model based on mandibular plane angle, lower anterior facial height, upper lip length and upper lip thickness explained about 63.4% of variance in MIDR. Conclusions: Incisal display at rest was generally greater in females than males. Multiple factors play a role in determining MIDR, nevertheless upper lip length was found to be the strongest predictor of variations in MIDR.

scholarly journals Effects of Two-Phase Treatment with the Herbst and Preadjusted Edgewise Appliances on the Upper Airway Dimensions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woei Li Koay ◽  
Yanqi Yang ◽  
Christine Shuk Kwan Tse ◽  
Min Gu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Airway Dimensions ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

Aims. To assess the effects of two-phase treatment with the Herbst and the preadjusted edgewise appliances on upper airway dimensions and to investigate the correlation between changes in the upper airway dimensions and skeletal morphologies.Methods. A total of 27 Chinese male adolescents aged12.8±1.3years were selected. Lateral cephalograms were collected to assess the skeletal morphology and upper airway dimensions.Results. Following Herbst appliance treatment, the upper airway space was significantly enlarged, with the retropalatal (U-MPW) increasing by1.1±1.6 mm (P<0.001), the retroglossal (PASmin) increasing by1.3±2.9 mm (P<0.05), and the hypopharynx (V-LPW) enlarging by1.6±3.0 mm (P<0.01). PASmin was found to show a negative correlation to the mandibular plane angle (MnPl-SN) byr=-0.413(P<0.05). There was no significant change (P>0.05) in upper airway dimensions during the second-phase treatment.Conclusions. Herbst appliance treatment increased the oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway dimensions among adolescents with Class II malocclusion, and the effects were maintained throughout the second treatment phase with a preadjusted edgewise appliance. There was a negative correlation between the change in the depth of the retroglossal pharynx and the mandibular plane angle.

Craniomaxillofacial Changes Using High-Pull J-Hook Headgear and Mini-Implant Anchorage in Adolescents: A Structural Superimposition Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
Sunock Yun ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Na-Young Chang ◽  
Hye Young Seo ◽  
Jae-Hyun Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Implant Anchorage ◽  
Stable Structures

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the craniomaxillofacial changes when using high-pull J-hook headgear (HPJH) and mini-implants (MIs) as maxillary anchorage in adolescents. Study Design: 40 female adolescents with dentoalvolar protrusion were divided into 2 groups; the HPJH group (n=20) and the MI group (n=20). Lateral cephalograms taken before treatment (T0) and after anterior tooth retraction (T1) were superimposed on the stable structures and then craniomaxillofacial changes were evaluated. Results: The cranial base angle, SNB, and facial angle decreased in the HPJH group but increased in the MI group. ANB decreased more in the MI group than in the HPJH group. Mandibular plane angle increased in the HPJH group but decreased in the MI group. Facial height index increased in the MI group while it showed no change in the HPJH group. Mandibular true rotation occurred clockwise in the HPJH group and counterclockwise in the MI group. Maxillary central incisors were intruded and retracted more in the MI group than in the HPJH group. Maxillary first molars were extruded in the HPJH group and were intruded in the MI group. Maxillary first molars were protracted more in the HPJH group than in the MI group. Mandibular central incisors were retracted more in the HPJH group than the MI group. Mandibular first molars were extruded more in the MI group than in the HPJH group. Conclusion: More favorable craniomaxillofacial changes occurred in the MI group than in the HPJH group.

scholarly journals Over-bite and Vertical Changes following First Premolar Extraction in High Angle Cases

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Girish ◽  
GC Ramesh ◽  
MC Pradeep ◽  
G Arun Kumar ◽  
BS Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Vertical Changes ◽  
Cephalometric Changes ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

ABSTRACT Aims and objectives Orthodontists generally agree that nonextraction treatment is associated with downward and backward rotation of the mandible and an increase in the lower anterior face height (LAFH). They also agree that extraction line of treatment is associated with upward and forward rotation of the mandible and decrease in the LAFH. The intent of this cephalometric investigation was to examine the wedge hypothesis, that the vertical dimension collapses after first bicuspid extraction. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cephalometric overbite and vertical changes following first premolar extraction in high angle cases. Materials and methods Forty-five adult patients having high mandibular plane angle, i.e. Gogn – SN more than or equal to 32° having class I molar and canine relation were included. Preand post-treatment lateral cephalograms were measured and compared to analyze the cephalometric changes. Results There was no decrease in the overbite and vertical changes following first premolar extraction in high angle cases. Clinical significance The facial complex does increase in size with growth, but mandibular plane while moving inferiorly, remain essentially parallel to its pretreatment position due to residual growth and treatment mechanics. Conclusion The study concluded that, There was no decrease in the vertical facial dimension, overbite and mandibular plane angle. However, it should be interpreted with caution, given the small sample size. How to cite this article Ramesh GC, Pradeep MC, Kumar GA, Girish KS, Suresh BS. Over-bite and Vertical Changes following First Premolar Extraction in High Angle Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):812-818.

scholarly journals Cephalometric Profile of Bangladeshis: Tweed’s Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Hasan Md Rizvi ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Facial Pattern ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ethnic Variations ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

Introduction Tweed’s diagnostic triangle is simple yet provides a definite guideline in treatment planning. The aim of the present study was to establish the Tweed’s norms for Bangladeshi people. Methods The study was conducted for 89 Bangladeshi young adults (45 males and 44 females), aged 19–27 years, having balanced and harmonious facial profiles. Lateral cephalograms taken of these subjects were used for a series of morphometric analyses. Results All three angular parameters Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA), Frankfort-mandibular incisal angle (FMIA), incise mandibular plane angle (IMPA)were measured and found to be 24.52°, 54.60°, and 100.88°, respectively. The mean FMA has been found to be 24.52° (with a range of 14°–36°) which is quite close to Tweed’s norm and found to be statistically insignificant. However, IMPA and FMIA values of Bangladeshis found to be statistically significantly different from that of the Caucasians. The linear regression equation of IMPA on FMA was fitted, and the estimated value of IMPA was computed for a given FMA. Conclusion The results support the idea that treatment objectives of IMPA should be considered according to the facial pattern, i.e., FMA. Ethnic variations of norms cannot be overlooked while outlining goals and planning the treatment.

scholarly journals Sagittal and Vertical Growth of the Maxillo–Mandibular Complex in Untreated Children: A Longitudinal Study on Lateral Cephalograms Derived from Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8484
Author(s):  
Leah Yi ◽  
Hyeran Helen Jeon ◽  
Chenshuang Li ◽  
Normand Boucher ◽  
Chun-Hsi Chung
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the sagittal and vertical growth of the maxillo–mandibular complex in untreated children using orthogonal lateral cephalograms compressed from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Two sets of scans, on 12 males (mean 8.75 years at T1, and 11.52 years at T2) and 18 females (mean 9.09 years at T1, and 10.80 years at T2), were analyzed using Dolphin 3D imaging. The displacements of the landmarks and rotations of both jaws relative to the cranial base were measured using the cranial base, and the maxillary and mandibular core lines. From T1 to T2, relative to the cranial base, the nasion, orbitale, A-point, and B-point moved anteriorly and inferiorly. The porion moved posteriorly and inferiorly. The ANB and mandibular plane angle decreased. All but one subject had forward rotation in reference to the cranial base. The maxillary and mandibular superimpositions showed no sagittal change on the A-point and B-point. The U6 and U1 erupted at 0.94 and 1.01 mm/year (males) and 0.82 and 0.95 mm/year (females), respectively. The L6 and L1 erupted at 0.66 and 0.88 mm/year (males), and at 0.41 mm/year for both the L6 and the L1 (females), respectively.

scholarly journals Noncompliance Open-Bite Treatment with Zygomatic Anchorage

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 986-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejat Erverdi ◽  
Serdar Usumez ◽  
Alev Solak ◽  
Tamer Koldas
Keyword(s):  
Open Bite ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Zygomatic Implants ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Generation

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of the new-generation open-bite appliance. Subjects and Methods: The study group was composed of 11 subjects with a mean age of 19.5 years who underwent intrusion of the posterior dentoalveolar segment using an open-bite appliance supported by bilateral zygomatic implants. The study was carried out on lateral cephalograms of the subjects taken before treatment and after intrusion. The mean intrusion time was 9.6 months. Results: The mean intrusion measured as the distance of the U6 to the palatal plane was 3.6 ± 1.4 mm (P &lt; .001). This resulted in an average of 3.0° ± 1.5° of closure of the Go-Gn-SN angle (P &lt; .001). The gain in the overbite was 5.1 ± 2.0 mm (P &lt; .001), and the overjet was reduced by 1.4 ± 1.5 mm (P &lt; .01). The change in the occlusal plane angle was an average of 2.4° ± 1.4° counterclockwise rotation (P &lt; .001). The lower facial height was also decreased significantly by 2.9 ± 1.3 mm (P &lt; .001). No significant changes were observed in the SNA angle and incisor positions (P &gt; .05), except for the interincisal angle, which was increased by 3.5° (P &lt; .05). Conclusion: Zygomatic anchorage can be used effectively for open-bite correction through posterior dentoalveolar intrusion.

Craniofacial Morphology of Adult Unoperated Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopoldino Capelozza ◽  
Sheyla Miki Taniguchi ◽  
Omar Gabriel Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

The craniofacial morphology of 26 white unoperated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (13 males, 13 females) was analyzed with cephalometry and compared with a control (normal) group. The results show that in the cleft group, the maxilla is smaller and more protruded, the lower anterior facial height is much larger, and the mandible shows well-defined differences (body, ramus, gonial angle, and mandibular plane angle).

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