Mapping Giant Reed (Arundo donax) Infestations along the Texas–Mexico Portion of the Rio Grande with Aerial Photography

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghai Yang ◽  
James H. Everitt ◽  
John A. Goolsby
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Aerial Photos

AbstractGiant reed is an invasive weed throughout the southern half of the United States, with the densest stands growing along the coastal rivers of southern California and the Rio Grande in Texas. The objective of this study was to use aerial photography to map giant reed infestations and to estimate infested areas along the Texas–Mexico portion of the Rio Grande. Aerial color-infrared photographs were taken along the Rio Grande between Brownsville and El Paso, TX, in June and July 2002. Based on the aerial photographs and ground surveys, the portion of the river from San Ygnacio to Lajitas, which has a river length of 898 km (558 mi), was found to be infested with giant reed. To estimate infested areas along both sides of the river, 65 (13.5%) of the 480 aerial photographs taken between Lajitas and San Ygnacio were randomly selected. The aerial photographs were digitized, rectified to Google Earth imagery, and then classified using maximum-likelihood classification techniques. The infested areas on both sides of the river, as well as water area and river length, from each photographic image were determined. Based on the estimates from the 65 aerial photos, the ratio of giant reed area to water area and the ratio of giant reed area to river length were calculated. The total giant reed area along the Rio Grande between Lajitas and San Ygnacio was estimated to be 5,981 ha (14,779 ac) with 3,714 ha or 62% on the U.S. side and 2,267 ha or 38% on the Mexican side. This study provides the first accurate estimates of giant reed infestations along the Texas–Mexico portion of the Rio Grande and will be useful for both land owners and government agencies for the estimation of water usage and economic loss and for the management and control of giant reed.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Aerial Photography With Drone Type Fixed Wing In Kotabaru, Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Indreswari Suroso ◽  
Erwhin Irmawan
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Above Ground Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Air Capture ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Operational Time

In the world of photography is very closely related to the unmanned aerial vehicle called drones. Drones mounted camera so that the plane is pilot controlled from the mainland. Photography results were seen by the pilot after the drone aircraft landed. Drones are unmanned drones that are controlled remotely. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), is a flying machine that operates with remote control by the pilot. Methode for this research are preparation assembly of drone, planning altitude flying, testing on ground, camera of calibration, air capture, result of aerial photos and analysis of result aerial photos. There are two types of drones, multicopter and fixed wing. Fixed wing  has an airplane like shape with a wing system. Fixed wing use bettery 4000 mAh . Fixed wing drone in this research used   mapping in  This drone has a load ability of 1 kg and operational time is used approximately 30 minutes for an areas 20 to 50 hectares with a height of 100 m  to 200 m and payload 1 kg  above ground level. The aerial photographs in Kotabaru produce excellent aerial photographs that can help mapping the local government in the Kotabaru region.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC ORIENTATION AND MOSAICKING OF ARCHIVED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY USING STRUCTURE FROM MOTION

2016 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
J. A. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Distortion Parameters

Aerial photography has been acquired regularly for topographic mapping since the decade of 1930. In Portugal there are several archives of aerial photos in national mapping institutes, as well as in local authorities, containing a total of nearly one hundred thousand photographs, mainly from the 1940s, 1950s and some from 1930s. These data sets provide important information about the evolution of the territory, for environment and agricultural studies, land planning, and many other examples. There is an interest in making these aerial coverages available in the form of orthorectified mosaics for integration in a GIS. <br><br> The orthorectification of old photographs may pose several difficulties. Required data about the camera and lens system used, such as the focal distance, fiducial marks coordinates or distortion parameters may not be available, making it difficult to process these data in conventional photogrammetric software. <br><br> This paper describes an essentially automatic methodology for orientation, orthorectification and mosaic composition of blocks of old aerial photographs, using Agisoft Photoscan structure from motion software. The operation sequence is similar to the processing of UAV imagery. The method was applied to photographs from 1947 and 1958, provided by the Portuguese Army Geographic Institute. The orientation was done with GCPs collected from recent orthophototos and topographic maps. This may be a difficult task, especially in urban areas that went through many changes. Residuals were in general below 1 meter. The agreement of the orthomosaics with recent orthophotos and GIS vector data was in general very good. The process is relatively fast and automatic, and can be considered in the processing of full coverages of old aerial photographs.

Aerial photography of the water area

2020 ◽  
Vol 956 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
V.I. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
Land Survey ◽  
Water Space

During the development of water resources the characteristics of excitement, direction, and flow velocity, depth, points of bottom, temperature and chemical composition of water is to be taken into account. Some of these indicators are determined through the results of measuring single aerial photographs and their stereoscopic pairs. Making aerial photography (APS) of water surface on technology for topographic land survey enables obtaining only single overlapping aerial photographs, as the water surface is in constant motion. Stereoscopic pairs of aerial photographs can be obtained if photographing is performed simultaneously by two aerial cameras (AFA) with close elements of internal orientation. The author considers two technological schemes of using two AFA in aerial photography of water space

scholarly journals Bee and Flowering Plant Communities in a Riparian Corridor of the Lower Rio Grande River (Texas, USA)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amede Rubio ◽  
Karen Wright ◽  
Scott Longing
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Community Patterns ◽  
Halictus Ligatus ◽  
Riparian Corridor ◽  
Lower Rio Grande

AbstractThe Rio Grande in Texas serves as the geo-political boundary between the United States and Mexico. It is considered one of the world’s most at-risk rivers and has been the subject of intensified management by the inhabitants of both countries lining its banks. Additionally, invasion by non-native Arundo donax (Linnaeus) (Cyperales: Poaceae), giant reed, has been extensive in the riparian corridor, with potential impacts to native wildlife. Locally, there remains a significant lack of ecological community data of riparian and upland habitats parallel to the river. We sampled bee and flowering plant communities monthly over two years, along a 3.22 km stretch of the lower Rio Grande in Webb County, TX. Data show that bee and plant richness and abundance was highest during March-April and September among both habitat types. Analysis of bee communities showed low spatial and temporal variation at the habitat level. Although common bee taxa (Halictidae and Apidae) were numerically dominant, NMS and ISA found key bee species driving community patterns. This included higher abundances of two species in the riparian habitat Anthophora occidentalis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Lasioglossum sp.L (Curtis) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and one showing affinity for the upland habitat Halictus ligatus (Say) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Additionally, ISA analysis of plant data revealed that three species were significant indicator taxa in riparian habitats. Further analysis showed a positive correlation between bee generic richness and abundance with various climate attributes. Management of the riparian corridor and associated watershed could include significant areas for ecological restoration to assist pollinators.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC ORIENTATION AND MOSAICKING OF ARCHIVED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY USING STRUCTURE FROM MOTION

2016 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Distortion Parameters

Aerial photography has been acquired regularly for topographic mapping since the decade of 1930. In Portugal there are several archives of aerial photos in national mapping institutes, as well as in local authorities, containing a total of nearly one hundred thousand photographs, mainly from the 1940s, 1950s and some from 1930s. These data sets provide important information about the evolution of the territory, for environment and agricultural studies, land planning, and many other examples. There is an interest in making these aerial coverages available in the form of orthorectified mosaics for integration in a GIS. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The orthorectification of old photographs may pose several difficulties. Required data about the camera and lens system used, such as the focal distance, fiducial marks coordinates or distortion parameters may not be available, making it difficult to process these data in conventional photogrammetric software. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; This paper describes an essentially automatic methodology for orientation, orthorectification and mosaic composition of blocks of old aerial photographs, using Agisoft Photoscan structure from motion software. The operation sequence is similar to the processing of UAV imagery. The method was applied to photographs from 1947 and 1958, provided by the Portuguese Army Geographic Institute. The orientation was done with GCPs collected from recent orthophototos and topographic maps. This may be a difficult task, especially in urban areas that went through many changes. Residuals were in general below 1 meter. The agreement of the orthomosaics with recent orthophotos and GIS vector data was in general very good. The process is relatively fast and automatic, and can be considered in the processing of full coverages of old aerial photographs.

scholarly journals Gradient Self-Potential Logging in the Rio Grande to Identify Gaining and Losing Reaches across the Mesilla Valley

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Scott Ikard ◽  
Andrew Teeple ◽  
Delbert Humberson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Diversion Dam ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Self Potential

The Rio Grande/Río Bravo del Norte (hereinafter referred to as the “Rio Grande”) is the primary source of recharge to the Mesilla Basin/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system in the Mesilla Valley of New Mexico and Texas. The Mesilla Basin aquifer system is the U.S. part of the Mesilla Basin/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system and is the primary source of water supply to several communities along the United States–Mexico border in and near the Mesilla Valley. Identifying the gaining and losing reaches of the Rio Grande in the Mesilla Valley is therefore critical for managing the quality and quantity of surface and groundwater resources available to stakeholders in the Mesilla Valley and downstream. A gradient self-potential (SP) logging survey was completed in the Rio Grande across the Mesilla Valley between 26 June and 2 July 2020, to identify reaches where surface-water gains and losses were occurring by interpreting an estimate of the streaming-potential component of the electrostatic field in the river, measured during bankfull flow. The survey, completed as part of the Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program, began at Leasburg Dam in New Mexico near the northern terminus of the Mesilla Valley and ended ~72 kilometers (km) downstream at Canutillo, Texas. Electric potential data indicated a net losing condition for ~32 km between the Leasburg Dam and Mesilla Diversion Dam in New Mexico, with one ~200-m long reach showing an isolated saline-groundwater gaining condition. Downstream from the Mesilla Diversion Dam, electric-potential data indicated a neutral-to-mild gaining condition for 12 km that transitioned to a mild-to-moderate gaining condition between 12 and ~22 km downstream from the dam, before transitioning back to a losing condition along the remaining 18 km of the survey reach. The interpreted gaining and losing reaches are substantiated by potentiometric surface mapping completed in hydrostratigraphic units of the Mesilla Basin aquifer system between 2010 and 2011, and corroborated by surface-water temperature and conductivity logging and relative median streamflow gains and losses, quantified from streamflow measurements made annually at 16 seepage-measurement stations along the survey reach between 1988 and 1998 and between 2004 and 2013. The gaining and losing reaches of the Rio Grande in the Mesilla Valley, interpreted from electric potential data, compare well with relative median streamflow gains and losses along the 72-km long survey reach.

scholarly journals Surface Water Extraction and Dynamic Analysis of Baiyangdian Lake Based on the Google Earth Engine Platform Using Sentinel-1 for Reporting SDG 6.6.1 Indicators

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Zijie Jiang ◽  
Weiguo Jiang ◽  
Ziyan Ling ◽  
Xiaoya Wang ◽  
Kaifeng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Baiyangdian Lake ◽  
Google Earth Engine

Surface water is an essential element that supports natural ecosystem health and human life, and its losses or gains are closely related to national or local sustainable development. Monitoring the spatial-temporal changes in surface water can directly support the reporting of progress towards the sustainable development goals (SDGs) outlined by the government, especially for measuring SDG 6.6.1 indicators. In our study, we focused on Baiyangdian Lake, an important lake in North China, and explored its spatiotemporal extent changes from 2014 to 2020. Using long-term Sentinel-1 SAR images and the OTSU algorithm, our study developed an automatic water extraction framework to monitor surface water changes in Baiyangdian Lake at a 10 m resolution from 2014 to 2020 on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. The results showed that (1) the water extraction accuracy in our study was considered good, showing high consistency with the existing dataset. In addition, it was found that the classification accuracy in spring, summer, and fall was better than that in winter. (2) From 2014 to 2020, the surface water area of Baiyangdian Lake exhibited a slowly rising trend, with an average water area of 97.03 km2. In terms of seasonal variation, the seasonal water area changed significantly. The water areas in spring and winter were larger than those in summer and fall. (3) Spatially, most of the water was distributed in the eastern part of Baiyangdian Lake, which accounted for roughly 57% of the total water area. The permanent water area, temporary water area, and non-water area covered 49.69 km2, 97.77 km2, and 171.55 km2, respectively. Our study monitored changes in the spatial extent of the surface water of Baiyangdian Lake, provides useful information for the sustainable development of the Xiong’an New Area and directly reports the status of SDG 6.6.1 indicators over time.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Infection of Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) by Synchytrium solstitiale, Causal Agent of False Rust Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Widmer ◽  
F. Guermache
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Centaurea Solstitialis ◽  
Yellow Starthistle ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Centaurea Calcitrapa

Yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) is an annual invasive weed in the United States with Mediterranean origins. The expense of chemical control and the vast area of invasion make this weed an appropriate target for classical biological control. Observations of a field site in southern France revealed small orange galls on the leaves of yellow starthistle seedlings caused by the fungus Synchytrium solstitiale. Inoculation of yellow starthistle seedlings with a suspension of zoospores released from infected tissue resulted in infection. Ten days after inoculation, typical orange galls appeared on the exposed tissue. Preliminary host range testing showed up to 100% infection of C. solstitialis seedlings from both France and the United States and infection of Carthamus tinctorius, Centaurea americana, C. diffusa, C. rothrockii, C. squarrosa, and Helianthus annuus seedlings. No symptoms were observed on seedlings of Centaurea calcitrapa, C. maculosa, C. sulfurea, Cirsium californica, C. occidentale, Cynera cardunculus, and Taraxacum officinale. Zoospores were released in a pH range between 4.45 and 8.25 and optimally at temperatures between 5 and 15°C. Infection of yellow starthistle seedlings occurred after a minimum 1-h exposure to a zoospore suspension at 20°C.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Glaciers in the Rocky Mountains of the United States

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (79) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Graf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Southern Rocky Mountains

AbstractEvidence from aerial photographs, maps, and field checks indicates that 319 glaciers lie in cirques of the Rocky Mountains, south of the United States-Canadian border. On a subcontinental scale, the distribution of glaciers is highly clustered, with larger and denser clusters located in the northern Rocky Mountains. Lesser concentrations of small glaciers occur in the southern Rocky Mountains. The total area of glaciers in the Rocky Mountains of the U.S.A. is 78.9 km2.

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