A review of the biology and ecology of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum)

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
John Cardina
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Southeast United States ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The World

Florida beggarweed is native to the Western Hemisphere but is naturalized around the world. During the last century, the mechanization of agriculture has transitioned Florida beggarweed from an important forage component to a weed of significance in the coastal plain of the southeast United States. This herbaceous annual is naturalized and found in fields and disturbed areas throughout the southern United States. The characteristics that made Florida beggarweed a good forage crop also make it a formidable weed. This review describes the importance of Florida beggarweed as a weed in the southern United States and the taxonomy of this species and details the distribution throughout the world and within the United States. The ecology of Florida beggarweed and its interactions with crop plants, insects, nematodes, and plant pathogens also are summarized. Finally, management of Florida beggarweed in agricultural systems using cultural practices and herbicides is reviewed.

Democracy Promotion through Progressive Imperialism

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-94
Author(s):  
Tony Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Panama Canal ◽  
Democracy Promotion ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
The World

This chapter examines Woodrow Wilson's efforts, first as an academic, later as president of the United States, to promote democracy through “progressive imperialism.” A first step for Wilson was to embrace America's democratizing mission in the Philippines. Later, he would continue in this fashion after he became president and faced the challenge of providing stability in the Western Hemisphere during the Mexican Revolution and with the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914—the same year that war broke out in Europe. Wilson's driving concern now became focused: how to provide for a stable peace based on freedom. His answer: through protecting, indeed if possible expanding, democratic government the world around as the best way to end violence among states and provide freedom to peoples.

American Ideals of International Relations

1907 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Bushnell Hart
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Many ◽  
United States Senator

Because of the many contributions made by America to the world's ideals of government, the nation has the feeling that it is quite adequate to work out its own principles on all other subjects without the aid of any other people. “ What have we to do with abroad ? ” said a United States senator from Ohio, only thirty years ago; and the word “ un-American ” covers a multitude of virtues. In fact the roots of American institutions of all kinds, social, economic, and political, are in the traditions of the English race; and American ideals have been modified by the experience of other European nations. Nor has the western hemisphere been separated from the great current of world affairs. Its destinies have been closely interwoven with those of Europe; and since 1895 the United States has awakened to the fact that it not only is a part of the sisterhood of nations, but is destined to be one of the half dozen states which will powerfully influence the future of all the continents. The world is no longer round about America; America is part of the world.

Some Notes on the Missionary Research Series of the Lutterworth Press

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
G. P. Groves
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Research Library ◽  
The World ◽  
Joint Contribution ◽  
World Mission ◽  
The Church

This article was solicited by the Missionary Research Library in order to oring to the attention or American missionary interests the valuable Missionary Research Series published by the Lutterworth press in London, which is all too little known in Canada and the united states. a number of the finest products of missionary study during the recent years have been published in this series. The sponsorship of the project rests with the Department of Missions at the Selly Oak Colleges, Birmingham. Both that Department and the Lutterworth press are to be commended for this Joint contribution to the world mission of the Church. The support and encouragement of this enterprise by American missionary interests is urgently needed. The distribution and sale of the titles in the series must be considerably extended in the western hemisphere, If the project is to succeed and if the books are to have the consideration which they deserve. This article was written at the request of the Lutterworth press, following the appeal of the Library, by Dr. c. P. Gloves, the professor of Missions at the Selly Oak Colleges.—Editor.

Rethinking US Interests in the Western Hemisphere

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Abraham F. Lowenthal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Difficulty ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

The Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, and consequently their relations with the United States, have changed considerably during the past 25 years. Latin American and Caribbean nations are more populous, urban, industrialized, organized, and assertive than they were a generation ago. Even in a period of extensive economic difficulty, Latin America's nations are today more prosperous than in 1960. Most are better integrated into the world economy and are much more involved in international politics.

Peaceful Change in US Foreign Policy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Welch Larson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Woodrow Wilson ◽  
The World ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The chapter discusses the US advocacy of liberal principles and pursuit of hegemony as its contribution to peaceful change. In the nineteenth century, the United States forcefully asserted its leadership over the Western Hemisphere, although it did not have the military capabilities to enforce the Monroe Doctrine. Under Woodrow Wilson, the United States promoted the ideals of collective security, self-determination, and international institutions. These ideas were implemented in the World War II settlement, when the United States helped to establish new institutions: Bretton Woods and the United Nations. The United States helped to integrate the USSR and China into the international community through the détente strategy, including linkage and triangular diplomacy. After the Cold War ended, Bill Clinton sought to engage China through increased trade and membership in the World Trade Organization and decided to expand NATO to include members of the former Soviet alliance.

Introduction: Reversing Language Shift in Indigenous America—Collaborations and Views from the Field

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa McCarty ◽  
Lucille Watahomigie ◽  
Akira Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
European Contact ◽  
The World

Throughout the Western hemisphere—indeed, throughout the world—indigenous languages are being displaced at an alarming rate. While no one knows precisely how many languages were spoken in North America prior to European contact, estimates range from 300 to 600. In what is now the United States and Canada, the number is now reduced to 210. In some respects, this is a story of remarkable resilience and resistance. But numbers alone belie the fragility of these languages and their prospects for survival.

scholarly journals International Dimension of Contemporary U.S. Energy Policy: Challenges for Russia and the World

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-353
Author(s):  
Yury Viktorovich Borovsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

Since the mid-2000s, the American energy industry has undergone profound changes. Having made the so-called shale revolution and achieved impressive results in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy, the United States of America has not only radically reduced its dependence on imported hydrocarbons, but has begun to increase exports of these commodities. Given the economic weight of the U.S., such changes have significantly transformed the global energy market, requiring leading oil and gas exporters (including Russia) to take non-standard steps (for example, the OPEC+ deal). They also created serious prerequisites for Washington’s revision of its traditional energy policy in the international arena. The author makes a conclusion that the United States has not yet come out of the paradigm of net oil importer, which was formed after the first world oil crisis of 1973-1974. This means that Washington is still committed to the traditional principles of it’s foreign energy policy: diversification of oil import sources; promotion of free trade in world energy; special relations with oil exporters in the Persian Gulf and the strategic importance of the Middle East; reliance on energy suppliers from the Western hemisphere, etc. However, having radically reduced oil and gas imports and having got the opportunity to export them, the United States could not help but bring something new to its energy policy. While still prioritizing security of energy supply, the U.S. under B. Obama has started talking about the American energy independence, and D. Trump has proclaimed the global energy dominance as a new key American goal. The author assumes that global energy dominance implies Washington’s aggressive promotion of the American energy exporters, as well as its intention to turn the U.S. into a technological leader and a key regulator in the global energy market. Moreover, the U.S. has become freer in the matter of sanctions and other pressure on major oil and gas exporters, guided by its geopolitical and economic interests. Due to the growth of the American oil and gas export potential, the confrontation between Moscow and Washington in the energy sector, which began during the Cold war, has now acquired an additional economic dimension. Previously, the United States has tried to restrain the development of the Soviet, later Russian energy industry, but acted purely in the logic of political rivalry, not economic competition. Thus, in the foreseeable future the United States is unlikely to abandon its attempts to politicize and discredit Russia as an energy supplier to Europe and other regions of the world.

Looking Outward

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Michelle Murray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
World Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Sphere Of Influence

This chapter considers the rise of the United States to world power status and hegemony in the Western Hemisphere at the turn of the twentieth century. It argues that America’s decision to “turn outward” and establish an imperial presence in the world embodied the recognitive practices constitutive of world power status. Specifically, American leaders envisioned that a powerful naval capability and sphere of influence in the Western Hemisphere would be the backbone of its national greatness on the world stage and lead the established powers to recognize its position among the system’s world powers. The fragility of the United States’s aspiring social identity and the importance of British recognition to that identity became apparent during the Venezuelan Crisis, when the United States initiated an international crisis over its right to become involved in hemispheric disputes. The crisis was defused when British leaders engaged in recognitive speech acts that constructed a shared, Anglo-Saxon identity, which would become the foundation for cooperation between the two adversaries. These recognitive speech acts expressed a normative acceptance of American power and legitimated its status among the world powers.

Brazilian Elites and the Descendants of the German, Italian, and Japanese Immigrants

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn A. Nichols ◽  
Philip S. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
General Public ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Japanese Immigrants ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Cultures

A growing realization on the part of scholars and the general public has been the increasing interdependence of the world. Technology and communications have narrowed distance and time between diverse cultures, resulting in increased contact, if not increased cultural harmony.The immigration of millions of persons to new homes has heightened this interdependence. In the Western Hemisphere not only the United States but also Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile received substantial numbers of immigrants.Brazil, alone, was the recipient of more than 5 million immigrants. The majority of the immigrants, apart from those of the Iberian Peninsula, came from Germany, Italy, and Japan. Chronologically, the Germans arrived first, the Italians second, and the Japanese third. Numerically, Italy has contributed 1.5 million, Germany 300,000, and Japan 170,000 to date.

scholarly journals Emerging Trends in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Focus on Diagnosis and Therapeutics

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CMO.S9926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avegail Flores ◽  
Jorge A. Marrero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
The World

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and one of the deadliest. Patients with chronic liver disease are at the highest risk for developing this tumor. This link provides an opportunity for developing preventive strategies and surveillance that aims at early detection of this tumor and possibly improving outcomes. In this review, we will discuss the latest developments in surveillance strategies, diagnosis, and treatment of this tumor. HCC is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with 782,000 new cases occurring in 2012 worldwide. In 2012, there were 746,000 deaths from liver cancer. HCC is the third most fatal cancer in the world. The distribution of HCC, which varies geographically, is related to the prevalence of hepatotropic virus. The burden of the disease is the highest in Eastern Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Melanesia where hepatitis B (HBV) infection is endemic. Meanwhile, in Japan, United States, and Europe, hepatitis C (HCV) infection is prevalent, and subsequently, is the major risk factor for acquiring HCC in these regions. 1 , 3 It is estimated that the incidence of HCC in Europe and United States will peak at 2020—there will be 78,000 new HCC cases in Europe and 27,000 in the United States—and decline thereafter. 1 Indeed, in Japan, the incidence of HCC had already plateaued and started to slowly fall. 4 Cirrhosis is the most important risk factor for HCC regardless of etiology and may be caused by chronic viral hepatitis (mainly HBV and HCV), alcoholic liver disease, autoimmune disease, Stage 4 primary biliary cirrhosis, and metabolic diseases such as hereditary hemochromatosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In the Western hemisphere, HCC occurs in a background of cirrhosis in 90% of the cases. 5 Before concentrating on diagnosis and therapeutics, it is important to discuss surveillance for this tumor.

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