Responses of Rice Flatsedge (Cyperus iria) and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Rice Interference

Rice flatsedge and barnyardgrass are widespread and competitive weeds in direct-seeded rice. Developing integrated weed management strategies that elevate suppression of weeds by rice through crop density, nutrition, and cultivar choice requires better understanding of the extent to which rice interferes with the growth of these weeds and how these species respond to resource limitation with crop interference. Rice interference reduced the height of barnyardgrass but did not affect height of rice flatsedge. These weed species were able to grow taller than rice and thus avoided being shaded. Increased specific stem length under crop interference may demonstrate a strategy of stem elongation to allow the top portion of the weeds to be kept out of shade. Rice interference reduced inflorescence and shoot biomass of both weed species. Barnyardgrass showed the ability to reduce the effects of rice interference by increasing leaf weight ratio. The present study shows that crop interference alone may reduce weed growth but may not give complete control of these weed species. This highlights the need for the integration of management practices to achieve control of these weed species.

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Compensatory Growth of Ludwigia (Ludwigia hyssopifolia) in Response to Interference of Direct-Seeded Rice

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-10-00134.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 177-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

B. S. Chauhan ◽

A. R. P. Pame ◽

D. E. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Stem Length ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Weed Species ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Leaf Weight Ratio ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Direct Seeded

Ludwigia is an important broadleaf weed of direct-seeded rice in Asia. Crop interference that relies on shading may have potential as a component of integrated weed management strategies but it requires understanding the extent to which rice can interfere with weed growth and how these weeds may respond. The growth of ludwigia was studied when grown alone and in competition with 4 and 12 rice (cv. IR72) plants. Rice interference reduced ludwigia height, number of branches, and shoot and root biomass. However, ludwigia showed the ability to reduce the effects of rice interference by increasing leaf weight ratio, increasing stem and leaf biomass in the upper half of the plant, and increasing specific stem length. At 11 wk after seeding, for example, ludwigia grown with 12 rice plants had 38% greater leaf weight ratio compared to plants grown alone. When grown with 12 rice plants, the weed had 82% of its leaf biomass in upper half of the plant compared to only 25% in weeds grown alone. The results showed that ludwigia responded to rice interference with a combination of adaptations typical of many weed species. Despite such plasticity, the control of ludwigia may be achieved by dense rice stands and increasing interference.

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Effects of crop rotation and field management methods on weed density and species composition in the southeastern part of Latvia

Environment Technology Resources Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/etr2015vol2.275 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Jevgenija Ņečajeva ◽

Zane Mintāle ◽

Ieva Dudele ◽

Anda Isoda-Krasovska ◽

Jolanta Čūrišķe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Weed Control ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Weed Species ◽

Southeastern Part ◽

Weed Density ◽

Field Management

Integrated weed management (IWM) is a complex approach to weed control that is based on use of several different methods complementing each other, instead of relying on one single method, like chemical weed control. Weed control methods that can be used as parts of IWM strategy include mechanical weed control, application of herbicides, low tillage, changes in the rate and application time of fertilizers, use of undersown crops and crop rotation. Weed surveys were carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the southeastern part of Latvia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of crop rotation and other field management practices on weed density and weed species composition using the data collected in the surveys. Survey was carried out in the arable fields of conventional farms within four different size categories. One of the significant factors that explained the variation of weed composition within a field was a proportion of cereals in crop rotation within a four year period. Further surveys are required to estimate the effects of climatic variables. Density-dependence can also be important for practical management decisions for particular weed species and should be investigated.

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Herbicide Resistance: Where are we? How did we Get here? Where are we Going?

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00024325 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 850-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dale L. Shaner

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Resistance Management ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Weed Species ◽

Environmentally Sustainable ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Working Groups ◽

Rigid Ryegrass

The first significant cases of herbicide-resistant weed populations were to the triazines in the 1970s. In the last 10 years there has been an increase in the number of weed populations that have become resistant to an array of herbicides. In some of these cases, like rigid ryegrass in Australia, a multitude of resistant biotypes has evolved with different mechanisms of resistance. If the present trend continues, the number of herbicides effective on certain weed species may diminish rapidly. To counteract this trend, industry has organized a number of intercompany working groups to specifically address the development of resistance and to implement plans to manage resistance. University and extension along with industry personnel across the world have begun educating growers on resistance management. However, this effort needs to be intensified to find new solutions for controlling weeds through the use of integrated weed management practices that incorporate new and established herbicides with cultural, mechanical, and biological control methods. The challenge is to develop cost effective, environmentally sustainable programs for weed control while maintaining the present efficiency in food and fiber production so that needs of an ever expanding human population can be met.

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Weed management practices in Argentina crops

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2019.26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (03) ◽

pp. 459-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Julio Alejandro Scursoni ◽

Alejandra Carolina Duarte Vera ◽

Fernando Hugo Oreja ◽

Betina Claudia Kruk ◽

Elba Beatriz de la Fuente

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Crop Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Weed Species ◽

Chemical Application ◽

Modes Of Action ◽

The People ◽

Herbicide Timing ◽

Narrow Row

AbstractData from surveys are used to help quantitatively diagnose the relative importance of chemical and nonchemical management practices, identify weed problems, and provide potential solutions. However, to our knowledge, such surveys have not been conducted in Argentina. In 2016, advisors and crop producers from cropping areas across Argentina were surveyed through email with the objectives to identify the main weed species problems and assess the use of chemical and nonchemical weed management practices in different crop production areas in Argentina. Fleabane, pigweed, johnsongrass, fingergrass, goosegrass, barnyardgrass, and ryegrass were considered the most important weeds. More than 53% of the producers used only chemical options; 86% used chemical fallow (i.e., keeping weed free with chemical application); 62% used full herbicide rates; 46% used proper herbicide timing; 41% used multiple modes of action; and 32% used rotation of herbicide modes of action. The main nonchemical practices used were crop rotation (45%); avoiding seed production during (31%) and after (25%) the crop cycle; narrow row spacing (19%); and cultivars with greater competitive ability (18%). Less than 15% of the people surveyed used increased crop densities or altered date of sowing. There is a high dependence on chemical control in the main crops grown in Argentina. Extension efforts are needed to emphasize the importance of integrated weed management.

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Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: Management Tactics and Practices

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-05-084r1.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 793-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 205

Author(s):

Hugh J. Beckie

Keyword(s):

Herbicide Resistance ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Weed Species ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Application Rates ◽

Selection For ◽

Reactive Management

In input-intensive cropping systems around the world, farmers rarely proactively manage weeds to prevent or delay the selection for herbicide resistance. Farmers usually increase the adoption of integrated weed management practices only after herbicide resistance has evolved, although herbicides continue to be the dominant method of weed control. Intergroup herbicide resistance in various weed species has been the main impetus for changes in management practices and adoption of cropping systems that reduce selection for resistance. The effectiveness and adoption of herbicide and nonherbicide tactics and practices for the proactive and reactive management of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds are reviewed. Herbicide tactics include sequences and rotations, mixtures, application rates, site-specific application, and use of HR crops. Nonherbicide weed-management practices or nonselective herbicides applied preplant or in crop, integrated with less-frequent selective herbicide use in diversified cropping systems, have mitigated the evolution, spread, and economic impact of HR weeds.

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Spring Wheat, Canola, and Sunflower Response to Persian Darnel (Lolium persicum) Interference

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-03-056r ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 509-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Johnathon D. Holman ◽

Alvin J. Bussan ◽

Bruce D. Maxwell ◽

Perry R. Miller ◽

James A. Mickelson

Keyword(s):

Crop Yield ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Crop Density ◽

The Impact ◽

Number Of Branches

Integrated weed management practices, such as crop rotation and increased seeding rates, potentially improve weed management. Yet, few studies compare competitive interactions of weeds with different crops. This research quantified the impact of Persian darnel on spring wheat, canola, and sunflower yield across different seeding rates. Increasing crop density increased yield when Persian darnel affected crop yield early in physiological development. Crop yield loss was estimated to reach 83, 70, and 57% for spring wheat, canola, and sunflower, respectively, at high Persian darnel densities. Persian darnel reduced spring wheat yield by limiting the number of tillers per plant and seed per tiller; reduced canola yield by limiting the number of branches per plant, pods per branch, and seed per pod; and reduced sunflower yield by limiting the number of seed per plant. Persian darnel affected crop growth early in physiological development, indicating that interspecific interference occurred early in the growing season. Cultural and resource management aimed at reducing Persian darnel impact on resource availability and crop yield components will reduce Persian darnel impact on crop yield.

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Integrated weed management practices and sustainable food production among farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2021-0221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 124-134

Author(s):

Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame ◽

Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda ◽

Olayinka Jelili Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Food Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Arable Crops ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Self Sufficiency

Abstract A survey was conducted in the Kwara State of Nigeria to study the integrated weed management (IWM) practices by farmers. This was in view of the poor weed management practices adopted by farmers, which is a major factor responsible for low yields of many arable crops in Kwara State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 480 respondents, and a structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from them. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factor analysis was also carried out to examine the perception of farmers’ benefits of IWM. Results showed that the majority of farmers (29.4%) were youths, married (89.1%), and involved in medium-scale farming (47.2%). Furthermore, 50.8% of the farmers had primary or secondary education. Although farmers use different weed control methods, more than half of them (54.7%) use herbicides. Most farmers (92.6%) are engaged in the use of IWM, However, 73.5% of them use a combination of herbicides and hoe weeding. Although not properly practiced, farmers perceived IWM as having socio-environmental (29.229%) and techno-efficacious (23.495%) benefits over either hoe weeding or herbicides used alone. The findings suggest a need to train farmers on all aspects of IWM to achieve self-sufficiency in food production in Kwara State.

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Sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to glyphosate and glufosinate

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140896 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 1557-1563 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guilherme Vestena Cassol ◽

Luis Antonio de Avila ◽

Carla Rejane Zemolin ◽

Andrey Piveta ◽

Dirceu Agostinetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Red Rice ◽

Resistance Evolution ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Imidazolinone Herbicides

Dose-response experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice to nonselective herbicides currently used in rice-soybean rotation in Rio Grande do Sul. Two red rice biotypes previously identified as resistant and susceptible to the imidazolinone herbicides were treated with imazapic plus imazapic, glyphosate and glufosinate under nine herbicide rates. A non-linear log-logistic analysis was used to estimate the herbicide rate that provided 50% red rice control and dry weight reduction (GR50). Imidazolinone-resistant red rice exhibited greater GR50 values than imidazolinone-susceptible biotype for imazapyr plus imazapic. In contrast, both imidazolinone-resistant and susceptible red rice showed similar GR50values for glyphosate and glufosinate. These results indicate that glyphosate and glufosinate effectively control imidazolinone-resistant red rice at similar herbicide rates used to control imidazolinone-susceptible; however, integrated weed management practices must be adopted in rice-soybean rotation to delay resistance evolution of red rice populations to glyphosate and glufosinate

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Evaluation of integrated weed management practices for chilies in Pakistan

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2006.10.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 1135-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khalid Mahmood Khokhar ◽

Tariq Mehmood ◽

Muhammad Shakeel

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Integrated Weed Management

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Evaluation of Different Weed Management Practices on Growth Variables and Yield of Wheat Varieties

Asian Plant Research Journal ◽

10.9734/aprj/2020/v5i430112 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-30

Author(s):

Md. Golam Mostafa ◽

Syed Arvin Hassan ◽

Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽

Md. Ahasan Habib ◽

Kaniz Fatema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽

Weed Species ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted in medium fertile soil at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2017 to April 2018 in Rabi season with a view to evaluate the performance of wheat varieties under different weed control methods. The experiment was carried out with three varieties i.e. BARI Gom-28, BARI Gom-29 and BARI Gom-30 in the main plot and five weed management methods viz. control (no weeding), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS pre-emergence, Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon) 1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS as post-emergence herbicide and Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS + Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon)1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS in the sub plot in split plot design. Nine different major weed species were found in the field such as Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine indica, Chenopodium album, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Brassica kaber, Leliotropium indicum, Vicia sativa. Results reveled that BARI Gom-30 contributed the highest grain yield 3.01 tha-1. Pre-emergence application of Panida 33EC controlled weeds significantly which showed highest growth followed by yield achieved in wheat. BARI Gom-30 in combination with Panida 33EC produced the highest grain yield 3.52 tha-1 while the lowest grain yield 2.09 t ha-1 was obtained from BARI Gom-28 with no weeding treatment. Results reveled that Panida 33EC (pre-emergence) was found more effective to controlling weeds in wheat. Results of the study finally reveled that Panida 33EC might be considered as a feasible option for combating weed and ensuring higher yield in wheat cultivation.

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