PREGNANETRIOL, PREGNANEDIOL AND OESTROGEN EXCRETION DURING ANOVULATORY MENSTRUAL CYCLES AND IN A PREMENOPAUSAL ADRENALECTOMIZED WOMAN

1964 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. FOTHERBY ◽  
J. B. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Anovulatory Cycle

SUMMARY The urinary excretion of pregnanetriol, pregnanediol and oestrogens was measured throughout five anovulatory cycles in three subjects, and throughout an anovulatory cycle and an ovulatory cycle in an adrenalectomized subject. Cyclical changes in pregnanetriol excretion, which paralleled the changes in oestrogen output, were observed during some of the anovulatory cycles and also during the ovulatory cycle in the adrenalectomized subject. These findings suggest that one factor contributing to the increase in pregnanetriol excretion during the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle is the secretion by the ovary, at times of maximal oestrogen secretion, of a precursor (possibly 17α-hydroxyprogesterone) common to both oestrogens and pregnanetriol. However, that other factors are probably also involved is suggested by the particular pattern of pregnanetriol excretion during the normal ovulatory cycle and by the finding that the increase in pregnanetriol excretion at about the time of ovulation is usually greater than the increase found in the anovulatory cycle.

URINARY EXCRETION OF PREGNANETRIOL IN THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE. II

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary T. Pickett ◽  
Ian F. Sommerville
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Cyclic Change ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Temperature Records

ABSTRACT The pattern of urinary pregnanetriol excretion is compared with that of other urinary steroids assayed daily throughout the menstrual cycles of four healthy women. Evidence for the occurrence and estimated date of ovulation is afforded by basal temperature records, urinary oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion and cytology of anterior urethral cells recovered from the urine. In addition, pregnanediol and pregnanetriol excretion has been studied for twelve days in an ovariectomised subject. It is found that the cyclic change in urinary pregnanetriol excretion is variable in extent but there is a correlation between the urinary excretion of oestrogens, pregnanediol and pregnanetriol during the ovulatory cycle. Modification of the programme of elution used in the standard method does not significantly affect the result as determined by the sulphuric acid reaction.

scholarly journals Ayurvedic Management of Infertility W.S.R. Anovulation: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
Neha Pandya ◽  
Hetal P. Baraiya
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Married Life ◽  
Anovulatory Cycle ◽  
Present Case Study

Patient was anxious to conceive after active married life of 5 years. The present case study was done to evaluate the role of Ayurvedic Shodhana therapy i.e. Yogabasti for two consecutive menstrual cycles in the management of anovulation. After completing two courses of Yogabasti, improvement was noticed i.e. Ovulation study (during treatment - anovulatory cycle, After treatment - ovulatory cycle). The line of treatment was followed in this case was to treat the provoked Vata Dosha and vitiated Rasa Dhatu. There were no adverse effects found during the Ayurvedic Panchakarma procedure i.e. Yogabasti. Keywords: Anovulation, Panchakarma, Shodhana, Yogabasti

scholarly journals Correlation between endometrial dating of luteal phase days 6 and 10 of the same menstrual cycle

1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 1734-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Haddad Filho ◽  
Agnaldo Pereira Cedenho ◽  
Vilmon de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Study Setting

CONTEXT: Endometrial maturation, important in the diagnosis of infertile couples, has been evaluated since 1950 using the Noyes criteria. Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the most suitable period of the luteal phase for performing the biopsy. OBJETIVE: This study evaluated the correlation between the histological dating of two endometrial biopsies performed in the same menstrual cycle, on luteal phase days six and ten. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Human Reproduction Division of the Federal University of São Paulo, referral center. PATIENTS:Twenty-five women complaining of infertility had their menstrual cycles monitored by ultrasound and LH plasma levels, to obtain evidence of ovulation. PROCEDURES: Endometrial biopsies were performed on luteal phase days LH+6 and LH+10 (luteal phase day 1 = LH+1 = the day that follows LH peak). Dating was done according to morphometric criteria, in which an endometrium sample is considered out of phase if the minimum maturation delay is one day. On day LH+6, blood was drawn for plasma progesterone level determination. RESULTS: All patients had an ovulatory cycle (mean LH peak: 47.4 U/L; mean follicular diameter on LH peak day: 18.9 mm; mean endometrial thickness on LH peak day: 10.3 mm; mean plasma progesterone level on day LH+6: 14.4 ng/ml). 14 patients had both biopsies in phase; 5 patients had out of phase biopsies only on day LH+6; 3 had out of phase biopsies only on day LH+10 and 3 patients had out of phase biopsies on both days. McNemar's test showed no statistical difference between these data (p>33.36%). CONCLUSIONS: The correlation found between the endometrial datings suggests that biopsies performed on either of these two days are suitable for evaluation of endometrial maturation.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URINARY EXCRETION OF OVARIAN HORMONE METABOLITES AND CORNIFICATION OF THE VAGINAL EPITHELIUM DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1959 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. PUTTARAJURS ◽  
W. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Vaginal Epithelium ◽  
Ovarian Hormone ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY The urinary excretion of oestrone, oestradiol, oestriol and 5β-pregnane-3α:20α-diol has been determined by chemical methods during four menstrual cycles. Vaginal smears were also obtained throughout the cycles, and the degree of cornification of the vaginal epithelium has been compared with oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion. Of the four cycles studied, only one had a cornification curve which could definitely be described as of the normal ovulatory type. The steroid excretion patterns, however, conformed to those expected in an ovulatory cycle, except in one instance where an abnormal excretion of oestradiol was found during the follicular phase. The correlation coefficient for oestrogens and the percentage of cornified cells in the smear has been calculated for the separate cycles and for the four cycles added together. The degree of correlation varied between subjects and between different cycles in the same subject. The implications of the results are discussed.

URINARY EXCRETION OF PREGNANETRIOL IN THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE. I

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary T. Pickett ◽  
A. E. Kellie
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Partition Chromatography ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Elution Chromatography

ABSTRACT Using the method of Stern (1957), pregnanetriol fractions have been prepared from urine samples of a healthy woman during phases of minimal and maximal pregnanetriol excretion. Examination of these fractions by bismuthate oxidation and by gradient elution chromatography has confirmed that the increase measured by the Stern method is, indeed, mainly due to 5β-pregnane-3α,17α,20α-triol. A similar fraction obtained during the luteal phase of an ovulatory cycle in an adrenalectomized woman has been purified by adsorption and partition chromatography and shown by infrared spectroscopy to contain 5β-pregnane-3α,17α,20α-triol.

THE URINARY EXCRETION OF OESTROGENS, PREGNANEDIOL AND GONADOTROPHINS DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. BROWN ◽  
A. KLOPPER ◽  
J. A. LORAINE
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Hormone Excretion

SUMMARY 1. The urinary excretion of oestrogens, pregnanediol and pituitary gonadotrophins has been studied throughout nine ovulatory menstrual cycles. 2. The pattern of hormone excretion was relatively constant from one individual to another, but the actual amounts excreted varied considerably in different individuals. 3. In none of the subjects studied did the mid-cycle peak in gonadotrophin precede the oestrogen peak. 4. The increase in urinary pregnanediol during the luteal phase occurred at the same time as or just before the rise in basal temperature and 1–4 days after the oestrogen peak. 5. There was no correlation between the amounts of oestrogens and pregnanediol excreted during the luteal phase of the cycle. 6. When gonadotrophin assays were conducted by the mouse uterus test and that depending on the prostate of the hypophysectomized rat, the results obtained agreed very closely at all stages of the cycle. 7. In one subject a marked rise in gonadotrophin output was observed as early as 9 days after a successful artificial insemination.

SERUM MUCOPROTEIN, PLASMA FIBRIN AND FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN BABOONS

1959 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. GILLMAN ◽  
R. A. PILLAY ◽  
S. S. NAIDOO
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

SUMMARY Variations in serum mucoprotein (s.m.p.), plasma fibrin and fibrinolytic activity during the menstrual cycle of two female baboons were compared with the relatively stable levels in a normal male baboon. It was found that s.m.p. and plasma fibrin levels rose progressively during turgescence of the perineum and fell with deturgescence. Plasma fibrinolytic activity in the female with regular menstrual cycles increased with the onset of deturgescence, remained elevated until the onset of menstruation, whereafter it dropped precipitously. The modification by sex hormones of s.m.p., plasma fibrin and fibrinolytic activity is discussed in relation to the effects of other hormones on these plasma moieties and on connective tissue generally during growth. An explanation is suggested for the s.m.p. and other changes in the plasma during the baboon's cycle on the basis of hormonally mediated varying rates of urinary excretion and perineal and extraperineal synthesis of mucoproteins. Some implications of our data are outlined for investigating the effects of hormones on enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of connective tissue components.

THE NEUTRAL 17-KETOSTEROID EXCRETION DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (IV) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Huis in 't Veld
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Bilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT The excretion of Zimmermann chromogens was determined during 3 menstrual cycles in a woman with regular menstruation, suffering from Addison's disease following bilateral adrenalectomy. The 3 cycles investigated were normal (ovulatory) according to the conventional criteria. The medication given (DOCA, deoxycorticosterone-trimethyl-acetate (DOCTA), cortisone) gave rise to the excretion of small quantities of pregnanediol, pregnanolones and 11-oxygenated 17-ketosteroids in the urine. The progesterone produced in the corpus luteum gave rise to urinary excretion of pregnanediol and probably pregnanolones. The results obtained indicate that the ovarian secretion of precursors of 17-ketosteroids (17-hydroxyprogesterone and androst-4-en-3,17-dione) must be exceedingly small. No findings were obtained which indicate the existence of cyclic fluctuations in the ovarian secretion of precursors of neutral 17-ketosteroids.

Effectiveness of zona pellucida protein ZPB as an immunocontraceptive antigen

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Martinez ◽  
JD Harris
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Immunization of female mammals with native zona pellucida (ZP) proteins is known to cause infertility. Since each human ZP protein is now available as a purified recombinant protein, is it possible to compare the immunocontraceptive potential of each ZP protein. A breeding study was conducted in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis) after immunization with recombinant human ZP (rhZP) proteins (ZPA, ZPB, ZPC) separately and in combinations. This study demonstrated that immunization with recombinant human ZPB (rhZPB) protein caused cynomolgus monkeys to become infertile for 9-35 months. A second study was conducted in baboons (Papio cynocephalus), which yielded a similar result. The baboons immunized with rhZPB became infertile for 9 to > 20 months. During the time of maximum antibody titre, some animals experienced disruption of the menstrual cycle, but eventually all of the animals resumed normal menstrual cycles. Control animals and animals immunized with other rhZP proteins all became pregnant before any of the rhZPB-treated animals. This is the first study in which a recombinant ZP protein has consistently induced infertility in a primate without permanent disruption of the normal menstrual cycle.

scholarly journals Does Each Menstrual Cycle Elicit a Distinct Effect on Olfactory and Gustatory Perception?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2509
Author(s):  
Žana Stanić ◽  
Ajka Pribisalić ◽  
Maria Bošković ◽  
Jasna Bućan Cvitanić ◽  
Kristina Boban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Intensity Perception ◽  
Anovulatory Cycle ◽  
Sweet Solution ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Hormonal Milieu ◽  
Gustatory Perception ◽  
One Way Anova

The obesity pandemic has brought forth a scientific interest in food intake and sensory perception interactions. Olfactory perception and gustatory perception are very complex and under the influence of many factors, including the menstrual cycle. This study aims to clarify conflicting findings on the influence of the menstrual cycle on olfactory and gustatory perception. Women were assessed during four consecutive phases of one complete cycle (mid-follicular, ovulatory, mid-luteal, and late luteal phases (N = 21)), in contrast to women measured across the same phases belonging to two menstrual cycles (N = 29). Additional control groups were men (N = 17), postmenopausal women (N = 14), oral contraceptive users (N = 10), and women with an anovulatory cycle (N = 8). Olfactory threshold, odor discrimination, and identification were tested using the “Sniffin Sticks“ test kit. Suprathreshold intensity and hedonic ratings for sweet, salty, sour, and bitter solutions were assessed. One-way ANOVA and ANOVA for repeated measurements was applied in the analysis, along with linear and trigonometric data fitting and linear mixed models. Linear increases in olfactory discrimination, identification, and overall olfactory performance were observed only in women followed across a complete menstrual cycle. Compared to other groups, these women displayed a cyclic pattern characterized by a predilection for sweet solution; reduced distaste for salty and sour solutions; and increased intensity perception of salty, sour, and bitter solutions towards the end of the cycle. These results suggest that a distinct hormonal milieu of a complete menstrual cycle may be affecting both olfactory and gustatory perception.

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