Immunochemical detection of the major vitelline envelope proteins in the plasma and oocytes of the maturing female rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

1992 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Hyllner ◽  
C. Haux
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Envelope Proteins ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Blot Technique ◽  
Immunochemical Detection ◽  
Vitelline Envelope ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACT The major vitelline envelope proteins were detected in the plasma of female rainbow trout maturing under natural conditions by using the Western blot technique. Females were sampled every month from July until ovulation in January. The amount of vitelline envelope proteins in plasma increased markedly as the gonads increased in size from 0·4 to about 15% of the total body weight. The plasma level of oestradiol-17β largely followed the alterations in the amount of vitelline envelope proteins, indicating the endocrine control of vitelline envelope protein synthesis. In addition, plasma vitellogenin changed in a manner that resembled the changes in the amount of plasma vitelline envelope proteins. The appearance and growth of the vitelline envelope during oocyte development was demonstrated using immunohistochemical methods. The vitelline envelopes from oocytes at different stages of development were immunoreactive with the antibodies directed against the major vitelline envelope proteins. No immunoreactivity could be observed in the ooplasm or in the surrounding follicular cells, which indicated that the major vitelline envelope proteins were of extraovarian origin. The present study further supports the hypothesis that the major protein constituents of the vitelline envelope in teleosts are under the endocrine control of oestradiol17β and that the site of synthesis is outside the ovary. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 135, 303–309

Endocrine control of oleic acid and glucose metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) muscle cells in culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (2) ◽  
pp. R562-R572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Sánchez-Gurmaches ◽  
Lourdes Cruz-Garcia ◽  
Joaquím Gutiérrez ◽  
Isabel Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Igf I

The effects of insulin and IGF-I on fatty acid (FA) and glucose metabolism were examined using oleic acid or glucose as tracers in differentiated rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) myotubes. Insulin and IGF-I significantly reduced the production of CO2 from oleic acid with respect to the control values. IGF-I also significantly reduced the production of acid-soluble products (ASP) and the concentration of FA in the medium, while cellular triacylglycerols (TAG) tended to increase. Only insulin produced a significant accumulation of glycogen inside the cells in glucose distribution experiments. Incubation with catecholamines did not affect oleic acid metabolism. Cells treated with rapamycin [a target of rapamycin (TOR) inhibitor] significantly increased the oxidation of oleic acid to CO2 and ASP, while the accumulation of TAG diminished. Rosiglitazone (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist) and etomoxir (a CPT-1 inhibitor) produced a severe and significant reduction in the production of CO2 and ASP. Rosiglitazone and etomoxir also produced a significant accumulation of FA outside and inside the cells, respectively. No significant effects of these drugs on glucose distribution were observed. These data indicate that insulin and IGF-I act as anabolic hormones in trout myotubes in both oleic acid and glucose metabolism, although glucose oxidation appears to be less sensitive than FA oxidation to insulin and IGF-I. The use of rapamycin, etomoxir, and rosiglitazone may help us to understand the mechanisms of regulation of lipid metabolism in fish.

EFFECT OF COLD ACCLIMATION ON ELECTROLYTE DISTRIBUTION IN RAINBOW TROUT (SALMO GAIRDNERII)

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Hickman Jr ◽  
R. A. McNabb ◽  
J. S. Nelson ◽  
E. D. Van Breemen ◽  
D. Comfort
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Plasma Electrolytes ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Total Body

The effect of adaptation to constant low environmental temperature on water and electrolyte distribution in skeletal muscle and brain has been studied in 2-year-old rainbow trout. Following introduction to 6 °C of trout previously acclimated to 16 °C, measurements were made, at intervals, of plasma Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg, and phosphate and of brain and muscle Na, K, and Cl. Plasma, muscle, and brain tissue showed a transient but significant drop in water content during the first days of cold exposure. A coincident paradoxical increase in total body weight suggests the possibility of an osmotic withdrawal of body water by the gut contents during this period. Cl space and Cl–K space estimates of muscle extracellular space were not significantly influenced during cold acclimation. Most of the plasma electrolytes measured showed significant transient alterations in concentration.Significant reciprocal changes in brain Na and K concentration were measured shortly after transfer to 6 °C and a large (61%) increase in brain Cl concentration occurred after 3 weeks of cold adaptation.Large, rapid but mostly transient shifts in muscle Na and K occurred. During the first 3 days of cold exposure muscle lost 61% of the Na and 30% of the K present before transfer. This loss is reflected in a rise in plasma Na and K. The possibility that the unusual efflux of intrafiber Na and K together might represent a forced extrusion of positive charge following a temperature-induced intrafiber loss of organic anions or gain of divalent cations is discussed.

scholarly journals Regulation of proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte precursor cells in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2008 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bouraoui ◽  
J Gutiérrez ◽  
I Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Endocrine Regulation ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Insulin Growth Factor ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Here, we describe optimal conditions for the culture of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) pre-adipocytes obtained from adipose tissue and their differentiation into mature adipocytes, in order to study the endocrine control of adipogenesis. Pre-adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion and cultured on laminin or 1% gelatin substrate. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was used as a marker of cell proliferation on various days of culture. Insulin growth factor-I stimulated cell proliferation especially on days 5 and 7 of culture. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) slightly enhanced cell proliferation only at a low dose. We verified the differentiation of cells grown in specific medium into mature adipocytes by oil red O (ORO) staining. Quantification of ORO showed an increase in triglycerides throughout culture. Immunofluorescence staining of cells at day 11 revealed the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein and peroxisome proliferator–activator receptor γ, suggesting that these transcriptional factors are involved in adipocyte differentiation in trout. We also examined the effect of TNFα on the differentiation of these adipocytes in primary culture. TNFα inhibited the differentiation of these cells, as indicated by a decrease in glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, an established marker of adipocyte differentiation. In conclusion, the culture system described here for trout pre-adipocytes is a powerful tool to study the endocrine regulation of adipogenesis in this species.

Oestradiol-17β induces the major vitelline envelope proteins in both sexes in teleosts

1991 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Hyllner ◽  
D. O. Oppen-Berntsen ◽  
J. V. Helvik ◽  
B. T. Walther ◽  
C. Haux
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Envelope Proteins ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Vitelline Envelope ◽  
Separate Class

ABSTRACT During growth of the ovarian follicle, the teleost oocyte becomes surrounded by an acellular coat, the vitelline envelope. The nature, origin and number of the vitelline envelope proteins in fish appear to vary with species. In this work, polyclonal antibodies directed against vitelline envelope proteins from rainbow trout, brown trout and turbot were used to show that oestradiol-17β induces the major vitelline envelope proteins in juveniles, both males and females, from different species. The fact that males can synthesize vitelline envelope constituents shows that the origin of these proteins is not confined to the ovary. The vitelline envelope of rainbow trout eggs consists of three major proteins, designated α (60 kDa), β (55 kDa) and γ (50 kDa). The amino acid composition of each of the three proteins indicated that the three proteins are alike and the suggestion that these proteins represent a separate class of structural proteins is sustained. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 131, 229–236

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Innovative and Sustainable Pre-Commercial Compound as Replacement of Fish Meal in Diets for Rainbow Trout during Pre-Fattening Phase: Effects on Growth Performances, Haematological Parameters and Fillet Quality Traits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3547
Author(s):  
Ümit Acar ◽  
Alessia Giannetto ◽  
Daniela Giannetto ◽  
Osman Sabri Kesbiç ◽  
Sevdan Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

The aim of the study was to determine the potential and sustainable use of pre-commercial product ITTINSECT™ APS V1 as a major protein source in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to potentially use ITTINSECT as fish meal replacement in the diets of rainbow trout. Five isonitrogenous in dry matter (38% crude protein) and isolipidic (15% crude lipid) diets were produced: a control diet (fishmeal-based) (ITT0) and four experimental diets replacing fishmeal by 25 (ITT25), 50 (ITT50), 75 (ITT75) and 100 (ITT100) %, with ITTINSECT™ APS V1. Triplicate tanks, containing 15 fish each (65.81 ± 1.26 g), were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice every day during the experiment. At the end of the feeding trial, significantly higher growth performance was observed in the group fed ITTM25 and ITTM50 diets. This performance was supported by growth-related gene expressions analyzed in muscle; significantly higher GH and IGF-I genes expression levels were determined in ITT25 and ITT50 when compared to control (ITT0) (p < 0.05). While no significant differences were found between the hematology values (p > 0.05), serum total protein, globulins and glucose levels were significantly different between experimental groups (p < 0.05). In addition to this, the immune-related genes such as TNF-α, IL8 and IL1-β expression levels were determined to be significantly different (p < 0.05). In conclusion, in order to achieve the best growth performance in rainbow trout and enhance sustainable aquaculture practices, replacement of fish meal with up to 50% ITTINSECT™ APS V1 in diets for rainbow trout is suggested.

scholarly journals Mass Spectrometric Evidence That Proteolytic Processing of Rainbow Trout Egg Vitelline Envelope Proteins Takes Place on the Egg

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (45) ◽  
pp. 37585-37598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costel C. Darie ◽  
Martin L. Biniossek ◽  
Mary A. Gawinowicz ◽  
Yelena Milgrom ◽  
Joerg O. Thumfart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Envelope Proteins ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Evidence ◽  
Vitelline Envelope

Effect of total body lipid on the toxicity and toxicokinetics of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. van den Heuvel ◽  
L.S. McCarty ◽  
R.P. Lanno ◽  
B.E. Hickie ◽  
D.G. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Total Body
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