scholarly journals Cloning of somatolactin alpha and beta cDNAs in zebrafish and phylogenetic analysis of two distinct somatolactin subtypes in fish

2004 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Zhu ◽  
JW Stiller ◽  
MP Shaner ◽  
A Baldini ◽  
JL Scemama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
High Sequence Identity ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Typical Range ◽  
Teleost Genome

Somatolactin (SL) is a pituitary hormone belonging to the growth hormone/prolactin superfamily, with recognizable homologues in all fish taxa examined to date. Although sequences from most fish share reasonably high sequence identity, several more highly divergent SLs have been reported. Goldfish SL and a second SL protein found in rainbow trout (rtSLP) are remarkably different from each other and also dissimilar to other SLs. It has been unclear whether rtSLP is a recent paralogue restricted to rainbow trout, or reflects a more ancient duplication of the SL gene, and whether it is related to the goldfish sequence. Here we report the cloning of two different zebrafish SL cDNAs, which share only 57.5% nucleotide and 47.7% deduced amino acid identities. One copy, designated zebrafish SLalpha (zfSLalpha), displays a typical range of sequence similarity to most other SLs. The other copy, zebrafish SLbeta (zfSLbeta), shows low identity to most other SLs; surprisingly, it is most similar to the divergent SL sequence from goldfish. The mRNAs of zfSLalpha and zfSLbeta were expressed specifically in two distinct regions of the pars intermedia in zebrafish. Cells expressing zfSLalpha are located at the posterior pars intermedia, bordering the neurohypophysis, whereas zfSLbeta is expressed in the anterior part of the pars intermedia, bordering the pars distalis. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that zfSLbeta, goldfish SL and rtSLP all belong to the SL hormone family; however, along with the genes from eel and catfish, these divergent sequences form a group that is clearly distinct from all other SLs. These results suggest the presence of two distinct SL families, SLalpha and SLbeta, which may trace back to a teleost genome duplication prior to divergence of the cyprinids and salmonids.

Chryseobacterium viscerum sp. nov., isolated from diseased fish

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 2934-2940 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zamora ◽  
A. I. Vela ◽  
M. A. Palacios ◽  
C. Sánchez-Porro ◽  
L. A. Svensson-Stadler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Relatedness ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining

A taxonomic study was carried out on five Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the gills and livers of five diseased rainbow trout. The five novel isolates were designated strains 687B-08T, 445-08, 452-08, 453B-08 and 967B-08. In phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the five novel strains appeared almost identical (99.0–100 % sequence similarity) and to belong to the genus Chryseobacterium . Strain 687B-08T (the strain selected to represent the five novel isolates) was found to be most closely related to Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi 701B-08T (98.9 % sequence similarity), Chryseobacterium ureilyticum F-Fue-04IIIaaaaT (98.6 %), Chryseobacterium indologenes ATCC 29897T (98.3 %), Chryseobacterium jejuense JS17-8T (98.1 %) and Chryseobacterium gleum ATCC 35910T (98.1 %). In DNA–DNA hybridizations, DNA–DNA relatedness values of 99–100 % were recorded between the five novel strains. Lower DNA–DNA relatedness values (21–57 %) were recorded between strain 687B-08T and C. oncorhynchi 701B-08T, C. ureilyticum F-Fue-04IIIaaaaT and the type strains of other closely related, established species of the genus Chryseobacterium . The predominant respiratory quinone of strain 687B-08T was MK-6 and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 1ω6c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 687B-08T was 38.6 mol%. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic evidence, the five novel strains isolated from rainbow trout represent a single, novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium , for which the name Chryseobacterium viscerum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 687B-08T ( = CECT 7793T  = CCUG 60103T).

ROLE OF PROLACTIN AND SOMATOLACTIN IN CALCIUM REGULATION IN FISH

1993 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kaneko ◽  
T. Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Calcium Regulation ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Fish Exposure ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Plasma Calcium Concentration

The endocrine control of calcium metabolism in fish is performed by hyper- and hypocalcaemic hormones as in terrestrial vertebrates. However, the hormones involved in calcium regulation in fish, which lack parathyroid glands, differ from those in terrestrial vertebrates. The pituitary is important in hypercalcaemic regulation in fish; prolactin exerts a hypercalcaemic action in addition to its well- established hypernatraemic effect. However, alternation of plasma calcium concentration may not be the primary factor influencing prolactin secretion; changes in osmolality or sodium levels seem to be more critical for the regulation of prolactin release. Somatolactin, a putative pituitary hormone related structurally to both growth hormone and prolactin, is another possible factor responsible for hypercalcaemic regulation in fish. Exposure of rainbow trout to high-calcium environments reduces the activity of somatolactin-producing cells located in the hypophysial pars intermedia. Conversely, an increased activity of somatolactin cells is observed in low-calcium environments. Somatolactin has also been implicated in fat metabolism from comparisons of normal rainbow trout with a blue-coloured variant, which lacks most of the somatolactin cells normally present in the pituitary. Diverse functions for somatolactin, in maturation, in the stress response, in acid-base regulation and in background adaptation, have also been proposed. More detailed studies are needed to define the function of somatolactin.

scholarly journals Marisediminicola antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the Antarctic

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2535-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Rong Li ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Yin-Xin Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Intertidal Sediment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Zhongshan Station ◽  
Diamino Acid ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Antarctic

Strain ZS314T was isolated from a sandy intertidal sediment sample collected from the coastal area off the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station, east Antarctica (6 ° 22′ 13″ S 7 ° 21′ 41″ E). The cells were Gram-positive, motile, short rods. The temperature range for growth was 0–26 °C and the pH for growth ranged from 5 to 10, with optimum growth occurring within the temperature range 18–23 °C and pH range 6.0–8.0. Growth occurred in the presence of 0–6 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth occurring in the presence of 2–4 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain ZS314T had MK-10 as the major menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as major fatty acids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was B2β with ornithine as the diagnostic diamino acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content was approximately 67 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain ZS314T represents a new lineage in the family Microbacteriaceae. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characteristics, a new genus, namely Marisediminicola gen. nov., is proposed, harbouring the novel species Marisediminicola antarctica sp. nov. with the type strain ZS314T (=DSM 22350T =CCTCC AB 209077T).

scholarly journals The genus Gennadas (Benthesicymidae: Decapoda): morphology of copulatory characters, phylogeny and coevolution of genital structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 171288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Vereshchaka ◽  
Anastasia A. Lunina ◽  
Jørgen Olesen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Internal Part ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Aristaeomorpha Foliacea ◽  
External Part ◽  
Scanning Electron

Species within Gennadas differ from each other largely only in male (petasma) and female (thelycum) copulatory characters, which were restudied in scanning electron microscopy and used as a basis for phylogenetic analyses. Twenty-six petasma characters and 49 thelycum characters were identified. All 16 recognized species of Gennadas and Aristaeomorpha foliacea (outgroup) were included as terminals. Four robust monophyletic clades were retrieved, described and diagnosed as new species groups. The thelycum characters had greater impact on tree topology and supported deeper nodes than did the petasma characters. We hypothesize that features of the thelycum evolved first followed by aspects of the petasma. Relatively more conservative characters include parts of the sternites of the thelycum and of the petasma, while the scuti and protuberances on the thelycum and the shape and subdivisions of the petasma lobes are evolutionarily plastic. We identified two groups of copulatory characters, which are likely coupled functionally and interlinked evolutionarily: (i) the external part of the petasma and the posterior part of the thelycum and (ii) the internal part of the petasma and anterior part of the thelycum. We reconstruct possible mating position during copulation for each of the new species groups presented here. We also present an updated key to genera of Benthesicymidae and key to species of Gennadas .

scholarly journals Nesterenkonia alkaliphila sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, halotolerant actinobacteria isolated from the western Pacific Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_2) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaiyun Zhang ◽  
Yubian Zhang ◽  
Xijie Yin ◽  
Shuang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Western Pacific

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, motile and non-spore-forming actinobacteria, designated strain F10T, was isolated from a deep-sea sediment of the western Pacific Ocean. Phylogenetic and phenotypic properties of the organism supported that it belonged to the genus Nesterenkonia . Strain F10T shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.8 % with Nesterenkonia aethiopica DSM 17733T, followed by Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis YIM 70097T (96.7 %) and Nesterenkonia alba CAAS 252T (96.6 %). The organism grew at 4–50 °C, at pH 7.0–12.0 and in the presence of 0–12 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth occurring at 40 °C, at pH 9.0 and in the presence of 1 % (w/v) NaCl. The peptidoglycan type was A4(alpha), l-Lys–Gly–l-Glu. The polar lipid profile of strain F10T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unknown glycolipids and two unknown lipids. The isolate contained MK-9 (92 %) and MK-8 (5.8 %) as the major components of the menaquinone system, and anteiso-C17 : 0 (50.9 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (29.8 %) as the predominant fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain F10T was 66.2 mol%. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain F10T represents a novel species of the genus Nesterenkonia for which the name Nesterenkonia alkaliphila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F10T ( = LMG 28112T = CGMCC 1.12781T = JCM 19766T = MCCC 1A09946T).

scholarly journals Rubritalea halochordaticola sp. nov., a carotenoid-producing verrucomicrobial species isolated from a marine chordate

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1515-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewoo Yoon ◽  
Satoru Matsuda ◽  
Kyoko Adachi ◽  
Hiroaki Kasai ◽  
Akira Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Sea Squirt ◽  
Cell Biomass ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

A Gram-negative-staining, obligately aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and chemoheterotrophic bacterium, designated strain MN1-1006T, was isolated from an ascidian (sea squirt) sample, and was studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolate shared approximately 93–99% sequence similarity with recognized species of the genus Rubritalea within the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain MN1-1006T and Rubritalea squalenifaciens HOact23T and Rubritalea sabuli YM29-052T were 57% and 14.5%, respectively. Strain MN1-1006T produced carotenoid compounds that rendered the cell biomass a reddish pink colour. The strain also contained squalene. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of the novel strain contained muramic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content of strain MN1-1006T was 51.4 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C14:0, iso-C16:0 and anteiso-C15:0. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-9. On the basis of these data, it was concluded that strain MN1-1006T represents a novel species of the genus Rubritalea, for which the name Rubritalea halochordaticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MN1-1006T ( = KCTC 23186T = NBRC 107102T).

scholarly journals Mesonia hippocampi sp. nov., isolated from the brood pouch of a diseased Barbour's Seahorse (Hippocampus barbouri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2241-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Kolberg ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
Thomas Wilke ◽  
Patrick Schubert ◽  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Brood Pouch ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Sugar Residue ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Monophyletic Cluster

An orange-pigmented, Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 96_Hippo_TS_3/13T was isolated from the brood pouch of a diseased seahorse male of the species Hippocampus barbouri from the animal facility of the University of Giessen, Germany. Phylogenetic analyses based on the nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence placed strain 96_Hippo_TS_3/13T into the monophyletic cluster of the genus Mesonia within the family Flavobacteriaceae. However, the strain shared only 92.2–93.8 % sequence similarity to type strains of species of the genus Mesonia, with highest sequence similarity to the type strain of Mesonia aquimarina. Cellular fatty acid analysis showed a Mesonia-typical fatty acid profile including several branched and hydroxyl fatty acids with highest amounts of iso-C15 : 0 (40.9 %) followed by iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (14.8 %). In the polyamine pattern, sym-homospermidine was predominant. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The quinone system contained exclusively menaquinone MK-6. The only identified compound in the polar lipid profile was phosphatidylethanolamine present in major amounts. Additionally, major amounts of an unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified lipids not containing a phosphate group, an amino group or a sugar residue were detected. The genomic G+C content of strain 96_Hippo_TS_3/13T was 30 mol%. Based on genotypic, chemotaxonomic and physiological characterizations we propose a novel species of the genus Mesonia, Mesonia hippocampi sp. nov., with strain 96_Hippo_TS_3/13T ( = CIP 110839T =  LMG 28572T = CCM 8557T) as the type strain. An emended description of the genus Mesonia is also provided.

scholarly journals Erythrobacter luteolus sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea in Korea

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Yoon ◽  
Kook Hee Kang ◽  
Soo-Hwan Yeo ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Properties

A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, yellow-pigmented, slightly halophilic bacterial strain, SW-109T, was isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea in Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. This isolate did not produce bacteriochlorophyll a and contained ubiquinone-10 as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and C18 : 1 ω7c as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 60·3 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SW-109T is phylogenetically affiliated to the genus Erythrobacter of the family Sphingomonadaceae. Strain SW-109T exhibited levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of Erythrobacter species of 94·0–96·3 %, making it possible to categorize strain SW-109T as a species that is separate from previously recognized Erythrobacter species. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, SW-109T (=KCTC 12311T=JCM 12599T) was classified as the type strain of a novel Erythrobacter species, for which the name Erythrobacter luteolus sp. nov. is proposed.

Aquimarina megaterium sp. nov., isolated from seawater

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Yu ◽  
Zenghu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyang Fan ◽  
Xiaochong Shi ◽  
Xiao-Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Gliding Motility ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, strictly aerobic strain with gliding motility, designated XH134T, was isolated from surface seawater of the South Pacific Gyre (45° 58′ S 163° 11′ W) during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 329. The major respiratory quinone of strain XH134T was MK-6. The dominant fatty acids of strain XH134T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and 10-methyl C16 : 0 and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The polar lipids of strain XH134T comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown aminolipid and three unknown polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain XH134T was 32.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel strain was related most closely to Aquimarina macrocephali JAMB N27T with 96.9 % sequence similarity. A number of phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain XH134T from described members of the genus Aquimarina . On the basis of combined phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain XH134T represents a novel species of the genus Aquimarina , for which the name Aquimarina megaterium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XH134T ( = CGMCC 1.12186T = JCM 18215T).

Jeongeupia chitinilytica sp. nov., a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 934-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ming Chen ◽  
Rey-Chang Chang ◽  
Chih-Yu Cheng ◽  
Yu-Wen Shiau ◽  
Shih-Yi Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Novel Bacterium

A novel bacterium, designated strain JchiT, was isolated from soil in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain JchiT were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped. They contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules and formed dark-yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 20–37 °C (optimum between 25 and 30 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum between pH 7.0 and pH 8.0) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum between 0 and 1 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JchiT belonged to the genus Jeongeupia and that its closest neighbour was Jeongeupia naejangsanensis BIO-TAS4-2T (98.0 % sequence similarity). The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain JchiT were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH. The isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 66.1 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain JchiT and J. naejangsanensis BIO-TAS4-2T was about 41.0 %. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain JchiT represents a novel species in the genus Jeongeupia , for which the name Jeongeupia chitinilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JchiT ( = BCRC 80367T  = KCTC 23701T).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document