IMPLEMENTASI ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM DALAM PELAYANAN JASA

Every businessman must apply ethics properly. With the correct application of ethics, the business activities carried out will run correspondingly to the applicable religious rules. Ethics that must be considered in doing business include ethics with fellow entrepreneurs, employees, customers and the community. This research is a qualitative research that uses descriptive analysis, which describes all the data that the researcher collects, both from the results of observations, interviews and documentation during research at CV. HAZHA Banyuwangi about the implementation of Islamic business ethics in services. Based on the results of the study indicate that Islamic business ethics in CV. HAZHA has been applied in serving consumers. The ethics applied are correspondingly to what is taught in Islam. This can be seen from the existence of excellent service, the quality of the products marketed, always keeping promises in accordance with the agreement, determining prices evenly, the existence of activities in the form of worship and so on. Consumers get satisfactory goods and services, they are always polite and friendly in serving and listening to customer complaints. Supporting factors that affect the progress of CV. HAZHA is all parts, both internal and external parts. Internal parts are the cooperation of employees who support each other, quality goods and excellent service while the external part is customer loyalty. The inhibiting factors experienced by CV. HAZHA are a very short time gap between ordering, processing and delivery, because report card cover and certificate folders are only needed in certain months

LABOR MARKET AND AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES AMID THE SPREAD OF THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19) IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN

The restrictive measures introduced in the Republic of Dagestan related to the spread of the new corona virus infection (COVID-19) contributed to a certain deterioration in the situation on the labor market. At the same time, the average monthly nominal accrued wages in the economy as a whole are calculated on the basis of the accrued wages fund of employees on the payroll of organizations, the wages of external part-time workers and employees who performed work under civil contracts, divided by the average number of employees and by the number months in the period. The salary of employees by type of economic activity is determined based on the payroll of employees on the payroll and external part-time workers.

Compact silencers with discrete baffle elements for new-generation light small arms

This paper presents the results of the development of silencers, whose design features discrete baffle elements. The advisability of silencers of this type is confirmed by their operational reliability and shot sound suppression efficiency in their actual service as part of light small arms of different types. To design advanced silencers, technical requirements for their design were developed. The paper describes the possibility of using discrete elements (cones, hemispheres, flat baffles, etc.) as the key component of a powder gas spreader. Differently shaped elements are used as additional elements that form a powder gas flow inside a silencer: for example, cylindrical elements, including perforated ones to provide a powder gas flow between the expansion chambers. One way to increase silencer efficiency is an additional expansion chamber that embraces the external part of the barrel and is gas-dynamically connected to a traditional muzzle silencer. In deciding on an optimum design for compact silencers, the following was redetermined: the number of expansion chambers and the dimensions thereof, the powder gas energy converter design, the baffle type, the presence of a gas flow between the chambers near the inner surface of the silencer body, and, if so, the gas flow rate. The silencer design was optimized based on simulating the processes inside the silencer using the authors’ efficiency calculation procedure for silencers with different internal components. Comparison tests of the silencers developed and foreign silencers confirmed a high efficiency of the former. The silencers with discrete baffles for light small arms developed at the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine compare well in performance with their best foreign counterparts. The designs of some of them are covered by Ukrainian patents.

Studies on the Morphology, Ontogeny and Embryology of the Flowers of Hedycarya Arborea J.R. et G. Forst. (Subfamily Monimioideae) and Laurelia Novae-Zelandiae A. Cunn. (Subfamily Atherospermoideae) of the Family Monimiaceae

<p>The inflorescences, flowers and the vascularization of floral parts of Hedycarya arborea and Laurelia novae-zelandiae were described and comparisons made with other members of the family in an attempt to determine the basic types of inflorescences, flowers and floral vascularization in the family. The vegetative, inflorescence and floral meristems of the two genera were compared. It was concluded that the vegetative apices of both had the tunica-corpus configuration typical of many other woody Ranales and other orders. The inflorescence apices were quite similar to the vegetative ones. The young floral apices are in a state of transition from a tunica-corpus to a mantle-core configuration and older floral apices had the mantle-core configuration, which is typical of the floral apices of many woody Ranales. Unusual features of the floral apices of Hedycarya and Laurelia were the lack of a pronounced rib meristem and the occurrence of relatively frequent divisions within vacuolate cells of the core. The ontogeny of the stamens of Hedycarya and Laurelia was described and comparisons were made. In both genera the micro-sporangium developed in a similar fashions: in Hedycarya 5-6 wall layers are formed inside the epidermis; in Laurelia there are 3-5 layers. Both genera had a typically thickened endothecium and a tapetum of the secretory type in which the tapetal cells become binucleate during the first meiotic division of the pollen mother cells. In Hedycarya the meiotic divisions of the pollen mother cells are of the successive type in which walls form by means of centrifugal cell plates Pollen grains remain in permanent tetrads in this genus. In Laurelia wall formation at the end of meiosis is of a modified simultaneous type, which may not have been hitherto described in the literature. Pollen grains are not in permanent tetrads. When the first division occurs in each microspore in Hedycarya, all four cells of a tetrad are at the same stage of division and the generative cell is cut off towards the distal face of the grain. Each microspore is in the two celled condition when shed. It was deduced that the generative cell is cut off against what represents a radial wall of the grain (with reference to the tetrad stage) in Laurelia. Pollen is shed in either the two or three celled condition. Comparisons were made with the development of microsporangia and male gametophytes in other woody Ranales. A study was made of the ontogeny, structure and function of the staminal appendages of Laurelia. It was found that the appendages function as nectaries, the nectar being predominantly sucrose. After a discussion of the various theories as to the morphological nature of the staminal appendages of the Laurales, it was concluded that they are morphologically staminodes. The carpels of Hedycarya and Laurelia have a basically similar ontogeny in which, as in the Lauraceae, the terminal stigmatic region develops from a solid terminal meristem in contrast to many woody Ranales in which the stigma-consists of crests which surround the external part of the cleft of the carpel. The ovules of Hedycarya and Laurelia resemble those of most other woody Ranales in being bitegmic, crassinucellate and anatropous with a monosporic 8-nucleate embryo sac of the Polygonum type. Both linear and T-shaped megaspore tetrads were found in the two genera. Laurelia has pseudocarps which develop after anthesis and enclose plumose achenes, but in Hedycarya the fruits are drupes. It was concluded that Laurelia and Hedycarya belong to two subfamilies which have been separated from each other for a long time and have undergone considerable evolution in different directions. It was also concluded that the Monimiaceae are closely related to the Lauraceae.</p>

Studies on the Morphology, Ontogeny and Embryology of the Flowers of Hedycarya Arborea J.R. et G. Forst. (Subfamily Monimioideae) and Laurelia Novae-Zelandiae A. Cunn. (Subfamily Atherospermoideae) of the Family Monimiaceae

<p>The inflorescences, flowers and the vascularization of floral parts of Hedycarya arborea and Laurelia novae-zelandiae were described and comparisons made with other members of the family in an attempt to determine the basic types of inflorescences, flowers and floral vascularization in the family. The vegetative, inflorescence and floral meristems of the two genera were compared. It was concluded that the vegetative apices of both had the tunica-corpus configuration typical of many other woody Ranales and other orders. The inflorescence apices were quite similar to the vegetative ones. The young floral apices are in a state of transition from a tunica-corpus to a mantle-core configuration and older floral apices had the mantle-core configuration, which is typical of the floral apices of many woody Ranales. Unusual features of the floral apices of Hedycarya and Laurelia were the lack of a pronounced rib meristem and the occurrence of relatively frequent divisions within vacuolate cells of the core. The ontogeny of the stamens of Hedycarya and Laurelia was described and comparisons were made. In both genera the micro-sporangium developed in a similar fashions: in Hedycarya 5-6 wall layers are formed inside the epidermis; in Laurelia there are 3-5 layers. Both genera had a typically thickened endothecium and a tapetum of the secretory type in which the tapetal cells become binucleate during the first meiotic division of the pollen mother cells. In Hedycarya the meiotic divisions of the pollen mother cells are of the successive type in which walls form by means of centrifugal cell plates Pollen grains remain in permanent tetrads in this genus. In Laurelia wall formation at the end of meiosis is of a modified simultaneous type, which may not have been hitherto described in the literature. Pollen grains are not in permanent tetrads. When the first division occurs in each microspore in Hedycarya, all four cells of a tetrad are at the same stage of division and the generative cell is cut off towards the distal face of the grain. Each microspore is in the two celled condition when shed. It was deduced that the generative cell is cut off against what represents a radial wall of the grain (with reference to the tetrad stage) in Laurelia. Pollen is shed in either the two or three celled condition. Comparisons were made with the development of microsporangia and male gametophytes in other woody Ranales. A study was made of the ontogeny, structure and function of the staminal appendages of Laurelia. It was found that the appendages function as nectaries, the nectar being predominantly sucrose. After a discussion of the various theories as to the morphological nature of the staminal appendages of the Laurales, it was concluded that they are morphologically staminodes. The carpels of Hedycarya and Laurelia have a basically similar ontogeny in which, as in the Lauraceae, the terminal stigmatic region develops from a solid terminal meristem in contrast to many woody Ranales in which the stigma-consists of crests which surround the external part of the cleft of the carpel. The ovules of Hedycarya and Laurelia resemble those of most other woody Ranales in being bitegmic, crassinucellate and anatropous with a monosporic 8-nucleate embryo sac of the Polygonum type. Both linear and T-shaped megaspore tetrads were found in the two genera. Laurelia has pseudocarps which develop after anthesis and enclose plumose achenes, but in Hedycarya the fruits are drupes. It was concluded that Laurelia and Hedycarya belong to two subfamilies which have been separated from each other for a long time and have undergone considerable evolution in different directions. It was also concluded that the Monimiaceae are closely related to the Lauraceae.</p>

Enhancement of a Landrace of Carosello (Unripe Melon) through the Use of Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) and Nutritional Characterization of the Fruit Placenta

Landraces of ‘Carosello’ (Cucumis melo L.) are a typical expression of Apulia’s agro-biodiversity and are consumed in the same way as cucumbers. The aim of this research was to valorize the cultivation of a local variety of ‘Carosello’, extending the cultivation period and valorizing a part of the fruits that are generally wasted (endosperm). To accomplish this, a local variety called ‘Carosello leccese’ was grown in a greenhouse during the fall season under red + blue and red + blue + far red light-emitting diodes (LED) interlight. Yield, morphology, color and biochemical composition of the external and internal part of the fruit were evaluated. Although yield increased by 26% under supplemental light, the fruit quality was not influenced by LED application. However, the exocarp was greener (chlorophylls) and more yellow (carotenoids) than the mesocarp. Finally, the endosperm, which is the part of the fruit that is generally wasted, showed the highest polyphenols content, proving to be an important source of nutraceutical compounds. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the nutritional value of the endosperm is comparable or higher than the external part of the fruit, but further studies will be necessary to valorize it from a culinary perspective.

The mouse cortico–basal ganglia–thalamic network

The cortico–basal ganglia–thalamo–cortical loop is one of the fundamental network motifs in the brain. Revealing its structural and functional organization is critical to understanding cognition, sensorimotor behaviour, and the natural history of many neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Classically, this network is conceptualized to contain three information channels: motor, limbic and associative1–4. Yet this three-channel view cannot explain the myriad functions of the basal ganglia. We previously subdivided the dorsal striatum into 29 functional domains on the basis of the topography of inputs from the entire cortex5. Here we map the multi-synaptic output pathways of these striatal domains through the globus pallidus external part (GPe), substantia nigra reticular part (SNr), thalamic nuclei and cortex. Accordingly, we identify 14 SNr and 36 GPe domains and a direct cortico-SNr projection. The striatonigral direct pathway displays a greater convergence of striatal inputs than the more parallel striatopallidal indirect pathway, although direct and indirect pathways originating from the same striatal domain ultimately converge onto the same postsynaptic SNr neurons. Following the SNr outputs, we delineate six domains in the parafascicular and ventromedial thalamic nuclei. Subsequently, we identify six parallel cortico–basal ganglia–thalamic subnetworks that sequentially transduce specific subsets of cortical information through every elemental node of the cortico–basal ganglia–thalamic loop. Thalamic domains relay this output back to the originating corticostriatal neurons of each subnetwork in a bona fide closed loop.

Indirect markers for length adjustment in distal biceps tendon allograft reconstruction

Chronic musculotendinous retraction, shortening and fibrosis after distal biceps tendon tears makes a primary reconstruction often difficult or even impossible. Interposition reconstruction with allograft provides a solution, however there is no consensus about appropriate intraoperative graft length adjustment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find a practical reference value for distal biceps tendon length adjustment. Three-dimensional surface models of healthy distal biceps tendons were created based on 85 MRI scans. The tendon length was measured from the myotendinous junction to the insertion on the bicipital tuberosity. Inter-epicondylar distance (IED) and radial head diameter (RHD) were measured on antero-posterior radiographs as a surrogate for patient size. Correlations between the tendon length and IED, RHD and patient’s height (PH) were calculated. Mean length of the external part of the distal biceps tendon was 69mm (female 64mm, male 71mm). The tendon length in mm was on average 1.1 times of the IED (mm), 3 times of the RHD (mm) and 0.4 times of PH (cm). Herewith, the tendon length could be predicted within a narrow range of +/-1cm in 84% by using IED, 82% by using RHD and 80% by using PH. Intra- and inter-reader reliabililty of IED and RHD was excellent (R2 = 0.938–0.981). The distal biceps tendon length can be best predicted within 1cm with an accuracy of 82–84% using the IED and RHD with an excellent intra- and inter-reader reliability.

Subcutaneous facial emphysema secondary to a dental procedure

Subcutaneous emphysema is a possible but infrequent consequence of dental procedures. We present the case of a 6-year-old healthy boy transferred from a dental clinic immediately after local anaesthesia for tooth extraction, due to sudden orbital and facial swelling. On physical examination, oedema of the left upper eyelid with fine crepitus on palpation and left hemiface oedema with local pain were observed. Ophthalmologic observation was normal. CT scan of the face and orbits documented extensive infiltration of the subcutaneous tissue planes of the left face by air, with extension to the external part of the body of the mandible, retromaxillary fat, masticatory muscle spaces, parapharyngeal space and adjacent to the orbital roof. After completing initial evaluation, the dentist confirmed the use of an air-driven device during local anaesthesia administration. The patient improved with conservative treatment. Early recognition of this condition is essential to provide an adequate clinical assessment with exclusion of possible life-threatening complications.

Characterization of the Physical Properties of the Coconut Fiber Residue With a View to its Agroindustrial Use

Ecuador is a multi-climatic country with the capacity to host a large number of plant species; one example is the coconut (Cocos nucifera), an ancestral food of tropical areas and warm climates, which is considered as raw material for various industrial processes, such as obtaining fats, oils, candies, etc. However, the external part of the coconut constituted by the bast or mesocarp has not been properly exploited. Coconut bast, which has high fiber content (coir fiber), from which three main types can be distinguished: long and thin, coarse, and shorter type, can become an agroindustrial alternative due to its mechanical properties. These properties are as good or better than synthetic fibers or polyester. This research therefore aims to characterize the physical parameters that determine the functionality of coconut fiber, such as its length, softness, brightness, color, diameter, and its appearance or slenderness, which is the relationship between length and diameter. This research also contributes to solving the environmental problem of waste generated by coconut production, moving towards a sustainable economy from an environmental point of view. This work determines that coconut fiber is composed of cellulose and wood that has low heat conductivity and impact resistance, and that its resistance and durability make it an adequate raw material in several production sectors. Keywords: coconut fiber, characterization, properties, agribusiness. Resumen El Ecuador es un país multi climático con la capacidad de alojar una gran cantidad de especies vegetales, un ejemplo de ello es el coco (Cocos nucifera) un alimento ancestral de zonas tropicales y climas cálidos, este es considerado como materia prima de diversos procesos industriales como obtención de grasas, aceites, confites, etc., sin embargo, la parte externa del coco constituida por la estopa o mesocarpio no ha sido correctamente explotada. La estopa del coco por su alto contenido de fibra (fibra bonote), de la cual se pueden distinguir tres tipos principales: una larga y fina, una tosca y una más corta, se convertir en una alternativa agroindustrial debido a sus propiedades físico - mecánicas que son tan buenas o mejores que fibras sintéticas o el poliéster. Esta investigación tuvo por objeto caracterizar los parámetros físicos que describan la funcionalidad de la fibra de coco como son su longitud, suavidad, brillo, color. Para lo cual se realizó un estadística descriptiva de medidas de tendencia central como la media, se analizaron un total de 10 muestras de fibra de coco tomadas al azar de los 15 Kg de fibra obtenida de 50 cocos, teniéndose como resultado que para la suavidad el 80% de los participantes la ubican en el octavo lugar y el restante 20% en el noveno, lo que permite inferir que se tara de una fibra gruesa, rígida y áspera, para el brillo y luminosidad el 90% de los observadores determinaron que la fibra no posee esta característica. El 70% de las panelistas delimitaron que el color característico de la fibra fue el café claro y el restante 30% la considera de color beige. Palabras clave: fibra de coco, caracterización, propiedades, agroindustria.