Quarantine as a legal measure to prevent and combat infectious diseases among people

Author(s):  
Zbigniew Czarnik

In the presented analysis, the problem of legality of the restriction of freedom of movement introduced by the quarantine in connection with the announcement of an epidemic of infectious diseases among people and the legal solutions accompanying the fight against such states, in particular the COVID-19 pandemic, has been addressed. Particular attention has been paid to the legal basis for the actions of public authorities in the field of quarantine and its types have been indicated in view of the normative basis for its introduction. Emerging doubts related to the lack of a coherent normative vision for activities necessary to effectively counteract the effects of the epidemic have been highlighted. The differences between the epidemic state and a state of exception in the constitutional meaning have been pointed out, putting forward a thesis that the solutions functioning on the grounds of the Act on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases in humans meet the criteria set out in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland for limitations to rights and freedoms of natural persons. Thus, the obligation to undergo quarantine has a statutory basis, which means that it is a legal way of limiting interpersonal contacts due to the epidemic threat.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Bosek

This article analyses normative structure of a key anti-epidemic emergency measure under Polish law – a State of Epidemic. It is defined as a legal situation introduced in a given area in connection with an epidemic in order to undertake anti-epidemic and preventive measures specified in the Act of 5 December 2008 on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases to minimize the effects of the epidemic. The Act and this complex measure is authorised by Article 68(4) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997. It requires public authorities to “combat epidemic illnesses and prevents the negative health consequences of degradation of the environment“. The purpose of this article is also to explain why Poland reacted to the SARS-CoV-2 crisis declaring the nationwide State of Epidemic on 20 March 2020 and not by other extraordinary measures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Alomatxon Abdullayeva ◽  
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The article examines the legal basis, application and rates of taxes, customs duties and levies, such as excise and VAT, applied in the foreign economic activity of Uzbekistan.The study found that an increase in taxes, duties and levies on imported goods could also lead to a decline in the quality of domestic products


Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf Siregar ◽  
Risdalina Risdalina ◽  
Sriono Sriono

This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of the Position of Inheritance Rights of Girls in the Context of Islamic Inheritance in Indigenous Mandailing in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency. This research is empirical normative namely research by looking at existing conditions in the field by linking the source of Islamic Law and the legal source of Regulations in force in the Republic of Indonesia. The benefits to be received from the results of this study are to determine the Position of Inheritance of Girls in the Context of Islamic Law and Regulations in Indonesia and the Position of Inheritance of Girls in the Context of Islamic Inheritance in Mandailing Customs in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency, the results of the study stated that In Islamic Inheritance Law strongly recognizes the position of the daughter in receiving inheritance with a strong legal basis in accordance with the al-Qur’an. In Islamic Inheritance Laws, a daughter has a position as Nasabiyah's heir so that she has the right to receive inheritance. In the Mandailing customary inheritance law in Sipirok Mandailing Natal, the position of a daughter is considered as an heir when a male heir is found, but if the girl is a mere woman, the woman is not entitled to inheritance from her parents. The distribution of inheritance in the Mandailing Inheritance law in Sipirok Mandailing Natal uses local customary law, as a basis for the distribution of inheritance which is still being realized in the Community.


2011 ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
Zoran Loncar

Under the new law on travel documents, in addition to authority that has the Government of Serbia, in terms of issuing travel documents and a shared competence between the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs depending on the type of travel document in question. Ministry of Foreign Affairs is authorized to issue a diplomatic passport, official passport and travel document, while all other travel documents are issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. When it comes to the passport as the most important travel document the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is fully established. Diplomatic and Consular Missions of the Republic of Serbia abroad can now only receive requests for passport, but the issuance of travel documents of this type is exclusive jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Such jurisdiction of the state administration in the process of issuing travel documents, along with other novelties which significantly modernize this kind of special administrative procedures should in practice very quickly enable the efficient issuance of travel documents, thus achieving the complete freedom of movement as one of the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to the citizens of the Republic of Serbia.


Author(s):  
Rizal Sanif

Health problems in Indonesia are very serious challenges. The main problem is that there is a triple burden or three important health problems related to the eradication of infectious diseases, an increase in cases of non-communicable diseases and the re-emergence of types of diseases that should have been successfully resolved. Infectious diseases such as diarrhea, tuberculosis and dengue fever were the most common health cases; now there has been a marked change in the number of cases of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cancer and coronary heart disease. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia at the Ministry of Health in 2017 launched GERMAS or Healthy Living Community Movement. GERMAS is a movement that aims to promote a culture of healthy living and leave unhealthy habits and behavior of society. The GERMAS action was also followed by promoting hygiene and healthy living habits and support for community-based infrastructure programs. This program has several focuses, such as building access to meet drinking water needs, community health installations and the construction of habitable settlements. The three of them are the basic infrastructure that is the foundation of the healthy life movement.


Author(s):  
Jaafar Naser Abdulridha ◽  
Salwan Jaber Hashim ◽  
Evgeny Batirovich Sultanov

The objective of the article is to analyze the legal basis for interaction between local and state authorities within the framework of the current constitution of the Republic of Iraq. At the methodological level, documentary observation was used. In recent years, after the transition to a new political regime in Iraq in 2003, many issues relating to local administrations and their interaction with state bodies have been identified and enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq in 2005. Some of the most serious problems are the lack of a clear organization of relations between government bodies and local governments, the efficiency problems of the various authorities, as well as the lack of flexible solutions in legislation and the Constitution. The need to solve these problems is often manifested at all levels. At the same time, we find no real decisions that do not cause popular discontent in all Iraqi provinces, especially in Basra province. It is concluded that relations between regional and national authorities are mediated by the presence of bureaucracy, financial and administrative corruption administrative and political conflicts between political parties.


2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
A.A. Kassymzhanova ◽  
Pierre Tifine ◽  
G.R. Usseinova ◽  
A.S. Ibrayeva ◽  
D.A. Tursunkulova
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
N. S. Karnayeva ◽  
L. U. Ulukhanova ◽  
A. G. Gadzhimirzaevа ◽  
S. G. Agaevа

The analysis of the epidemiological situation of vaccine-preventable infections in the Republic of Dagestan. The introduction of mass vaccine prophylaxis had a positive effect on reducing the incidence of infections such as poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus, rubella, and viral hepatitis B in the Republic of Dagestan. However, despite the ongoing routine immunization of the population for “controlled” infections, the incidence of measles and parotitis infection remains high in 2018, this is due to an increase in the number of people who refuse to receive preventive vaccinations, in most cases, for religious reasons.


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