scholarly journals Prevalence of dry eye syndrome in type-2 diabetic patients in tertiary care hospital kurnool

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 955-958
Author(s):  
Pushpa Latha M ◽  
◽  
Radhika R ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Type Ii

Introduction: The examination of dry eyes should be an integral part of the assessment of diabetic eye disease. So, this study is undertaken to study the prevalence of dry eye syndrome in type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This hospital based Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with 100 patients with type II diabetes and 100 matched controls patients who were attending the Ophthalmology Department in Viswabharthi medical college Kurnool by Simple random sampling method. The data collected and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 version software for analysis. Results: The mean age of diabetics with dry eye was 56.49±9.32 years. As the age increased, the occurrence of dry eye also increased significantly. 30-40yrs age group are having 2 (33.33%) patients, 41-50 yrs age group are having 16 (59.26%) patients, 51-60 yrs age group are having 19 (57.58%) and above 60 years age group are having 20 (58.83%) patients are having dry eye, out of this 64.7% also had retinopathy of some degree. With increasing age, the number of patients with diabetic retinopathy also increased significantly. Conclusion: The dry eye is a significant factor responsible for ocular surface disease in diabetics, these complications high in advanced diabetic retinopathy. High prevalence could be attributed to reduced tear secretion in DM patients caused by autonomic dysfunction in these patients. Hence our study insists that clinical evaluation of dry eye should be an integral part of ocular examination in diabetic patients. KEY WORDS: Dry eye, ocular surface disease index, Retinopathy, Schirmer, Tearfilm breakup time.

scholarly journals Tear Film Changes in Type II Diabetes Mellitus with and without Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Sethia ◽  
Jeet Patel ◽  
Nirathya Anisha Pothuri ◽  
Shail Shah ◽  
Jay Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Introduction: With the substantial progress in understanding of the ocular surface system in the past decade, Dry Eye Disease (DED) is the more commonly encountered condition in diabetes. Diabetes and DED have a common association. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of dry eye in diabetic patient and tear film changes with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Materials and Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study, in which 103 type II diabetic patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology in a Tertiary Care Hospital were enrolled, out of which 43 patients had DR and 60 patients had no DR. Dry eye evaluation was done using Ocular Surface Disease Indexing (OSDI) questionnaire and was confirmed objectively using Schirmer’s I and II test and Tear film Break Up Time (TBUT). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for statistical analysis of this study data. All quantitative data were analysed by using parametric test whereas all qualitative data were analysed by using non-parametric test to find significance level and the p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In present study, 68 among 103 diabetics patients had DED with the prevalence of 66% based on OSDI scoring. Out of the 43 patients with DR and 60 without DR, DED was encountered in 38 and 30 patients, respectively. DED status was not influenced by gender, age and duration of diabetes. An increase in DED was seen with higher HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin) values but was not significant. DED in DR group yielded a significant association with OSDI (p=0.002), Schirmer’s I and II (p=0.001) and TBUT (p=0.046). Conclusion: On the basis of present study, it can be stated that the prevalence of dry eye was more in DR patients in comparison to those without retinopathy. Therefore, all diabetic patients should be screened for dry eye, in order to diagnose and treat it at the earliest.

scholarly journals Estimation of Prevalence of Dry Eye, and Ocular Surface Changes, in Patients of Diabetes Mellitus, in Vijaypur District, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (32) ◽  
pp. 2559-2564
Author(s):  
Anand Gurabasappa Gannur ◽  
Madhu Guranna Patil ◽  
Prabhugouda Basangouda Lingadalli ◽  
Zameer Hassan Golewale
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Dry Eyes ◽  
Surface Changes

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a number of ocular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, cataract, refractory deviations, oculomotor nerve palsy etc. Recently, problems involving the ocular surface, dryness in particular, have been reported with dry eye symptoms, indicating a clear role for tear film abnormalities. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of dry eye and dry eye related ocular surface changes in diabetic patients, and to study the association between diabetic dry eyes and its relation to age, sex, glycemic control, duration of disease and diabetic retinopathy METHODS A hospital based clinical study of 100 diabetic patients who presented to the Department of Ophthalmology, Al Ameen Medical College and Hospital, Vijayapur from November 2019 to November 2020 was conducted. Detailed history was recorded. Assessment of anterior segment via slit lamp biomicroscopy was done. The examinations for dry eyes included Schirmer's test, tear break-up time, fluorescein and rose bengal staining and a questionnaire. The retinopathy was examined by ophthalmoscopy and was recorded. RESULTS Of the 100 diabetic patients, 2 (2 %) were type I and 98 (98 %) were type II diabetes. The mean age of type I group was 30 ± 0 years and 57.55 ± 27.07 years in type II group. 50 % were males in type I group, and 51.47 % in type II. Fifty nine (59 %) patients had dry eye. The prevalence in type I was 100 % and in type II was 58.16 %. Dry eye prevalence was maximum in those between 51 to 60 years of age (55.77 %). A 2.65 fold increase was found in the odds for dry eye in those with > 5 years of diabetic duration. The association of dry eye among uncontrolled was statistically highly significant with P value less than 0.001. The tear break up time was found to be ≤ 10 sec in 26 % (26/100). Schirmers test was found to be ≤ 10 mm in 27 % (27/100). Stains (Rose Bengal and fluorescein stain) were found to be abnormal in 18 %. Retinopathy was seen in 100 % of type I and 9.18 % of type II group. Statistically highly significant association was found between retinopathy and dry eyes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes and dry eye appears to have common association. Highly significant statistical correlation was found between retinopathy and dry eyes. Examination for dry eyes should be an integral part of the assessment of diabetic eye disease. KEY WORDS Diabetes, Dry Eye, Diabetic Retinopathy

scholarly journals Clinical Evaluation of Dry Eye Syndrome in Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Laser Therapy Indication

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Barbara de Araujo Lima Dutra ◽  
Carolina Lyra Barreira Carneiro ◽  
Mariana Studart Mendonça Gomes ◽  
Rodrigo Dantas Nagashima ◽  
Andre Juca Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Time ◽  
Schirmer I Test

Background: Studies have shown a higher incidence of dry eye among patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes. However, information regarding dry eye in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and laser therapy indication is not sufficient. Objective: To estimate the clinical manifestation of dry eye syndrome in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and laser therapy indication. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed during a local evaluation campaign of diabetic patients with vision disabilities at the Instituto Cearense de Oftalmologia in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and laser therapy indication were included in the study. An anamnesis directly to dry eye complaints was performed, and eligible participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. The slit lamp examination was performed with fluorescein staining; the tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured, and conjunctiva and corneal was evaluated using Rose Bengal (RB) staining. Finally, the Schirmer I test was performed. Results: Twenty-five patients were included in the study with a diagnostic time of Diabetes Mellitus ranged from 1 to 35 years, with an average of 17.2 ± 8.7 years. In our sample, 14 patients (56%) reported glycemic control with insulin, while 11 patients (44%) had oral hypoglycemic agents. The most prevalent complaint was blurred vision (96% of patients) followed by low visual acuity (92%). A less prevalent complaint was pain (44%). The mean OSDI score was 49.4 ± 24.2. TBUT was less than 10 seconds in 21 patients (84%), and RB staining grade was more than 3 in 13 patients (52%). The results of the Schirmer I test ranged from 2 to 35 mm, with a mean of 13.57 ± 9.78 mm. It was smaller than 10 mm in 15 patients (60%). Conclusion: The frequency of manifestation of dry eye syndrome was very common in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and laser therapy indication. Ocular surface care should be provided for those patients with significant ocular morbidity.

To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Sameer Aggarwal ◽  
Vikas Kakkar ◽  
Chandni Sharma ◽  
Surender Bishnoi ◽  
Ankit Gulati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT Objective This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA). Results In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss. Conclusion Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients. How to cite this article Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.

A STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS WITH SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
Barnali Bhattacharyya Thakur ◽  
Keshab Bora ◽  
Sherin Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with signicant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of Diabetes mellitus causing blindness. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin involved in maintenance of mineral homeostasis and bone remodelling. Vitamin D deciency is highly prevalent in type I and type II Diabetes. 38 diabetic without ocular disease a METHOD: nd 30 diabetic with retinopathy were taken as cases and 38 age sex matched healthy persons were taken as controls. Serum Vit D and glucose were estimated and retinopathy was diagnosed by fundus examination. The results were statistically analysed. Statistica RESULTS: l analysis of the results shows a negative correlation between FBS and HbA1C with Vitamin D level in diabetic retinopathy patients. Patients CONCLUSION: with Diabetic retinopathy has lower serum Vitamin D level than diabetic patients without retinopathy.

scholarly journals Assessment of Dry Eye Syndrome among Computer Programmers in Computer Training Institutes in Benin City

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Ayishetu Oshoke Shuaibu ◽  
Sarah Ikhuemose Ebuwa ◽  
Abimbola Esther Ikuemonisan Ikuemonisan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Computer Training ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Break Up

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dry eye syndrome among computer programmers in computer training institutes in Benin City.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using 250 participants of 18 years and above who were computer instructors and students of various computer training institutes in Benin City. Sociodemographic data and relevant ocular history were obtained from the participants. External and Internal examinations of the eyes were carried out to check for the presence of any ocular abnormalities. Dryeye disease was assessed subjectively with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and objectively by performing  Schirmer’s test and Tear Break-up Time (TBUT). Participants with an OSDI score of ≥35 and who had < 10mm to Schirmer’s I test or < 10secs in Tear break-up Time (TBUT) test were considered to have dry eye.Results: The mean age of the participants was 25.32 ± 7.38 years and 68% were males. The prevalence of dry eye among the computer programmers was found to be 30.8%. Mean TBUT and Mean Schirmer’s Test value for those with dry eye was 10.21s±3.44s and 12.46 ± 7.27mm respectively. This study showed that age (p=0.213), gender (p=0.243) and duration of time spent on computer display units (p=0.124) were not statistically significant determinants of dry eye among the computer programmers.Conclusion: Computer programmers are predisposed to developing dry eye diseases. It is therefore imperative for them to go for regular eye examination to prevent ocular surface disorders and therefore maintain comfortable vision. Keywords: Dry Eye, Schirmer Test, Tear Break-up Time, Ocular Surface Disease Index, Computer Programmer.

scholarly journals Modified ocular surface disease index as a screening criteria for dry eye syndrome presenting after successful dacryocystorhinostomy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247168
Author(s):  
Tae Seen Kang ◽  
Jin Cho ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Jae Yun Sung ◽  
Ju Mi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Screening Criteria

Objective To find preoperative screening criteria for dry eye syndrome (DES) that present after successful endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR). Methods We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 110 patients who underwent EDCR for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. DES diagnostic criteria were defined as tear break-up time (TBUT) less than 10 seconds, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score greater than 13 points. After EDCR, patients were divided into DES group and control group according to the DES diagnostic criteria. Preoperative OSDI score alone or in combination of preoperative TBUT and OSDI score were used to find screening criteria, which could discriminate the two groups preoperatively with a high positive predictive value (PPV). Criteria A was set same as the diagnostic criteria of DES, and Criteria B and C were set to improve PPV by increasing specificity while maintaining similar sensitivity to Criteria A. Results Thirty patients (27.3%) were diagnosed with DES after EDCR, while 80 patients (72.7%) were normal. In patients with DES, preoperative TBUT was not different (p = 0.851), but OSDI score was significantly higher (p<0.001). Criteria A showed a sensitivity of 73.3%, specificity of 55.0%, and PPV of 38.0%. Criteria B and C excluded preoperative TBUT, which had no difference between the two groups, and set screening criteria with preoperative OSDI score alone. Criteria B (preoperative OSDI score of 19.6 points or more) showed a sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity of 60.6%, PPV of 41.7% and AUC of 0.739 (p < 0.001). Criteria C was consisted of 5 out of 12 OSDI items that showed significant differences between the two groups; blurred vision, reading, working with a computer, low humidity, and air conditioning. Criteria C (preoperative 5-item OSDI score of 24.4 points or more) was a better predictability, with a sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity of 71.3%, PPV of 49.5%, and AUC of 0.804 (p < 0.001). The AUC of Criteria C was significantly higher than that of Criteria B (p = 0.0037). Conclusion DES occurred after successful EDCR in 27.3% of patients, and an OSDI questionnaire helped to screen DES. The predictability could improve using the modified OSDI score which showed noticeable difference in five OSDI items before and after EDCR.

scholarly journals Magnitude of diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in Menelik II Hospital, Addis Ababa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Getachew Wodajo ◽  
Dereje Negussie Woyessa ◽  
Bezawit Gezahegn Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common non-communicable diseases with an increasing incidence worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the chronic micro vascular complications, is a major global cause of total blindness. As the global prevalence of diabetes increases, so will the numbers of people with diabetic retinopathy. Hence, this study aims to determine the magnitude and severity of DR in newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients in Menelik II Hospital. Method: institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on newly diagnosed Type 2 DM patients. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 20 version computer software. Result: A total of 111 patients with newly diagnosed type II diabetes participated in this study. The female to male ration was 1: 1.84. The mean age of study participants was 50.5 (± 10.6years) with a range of 30-70 years. Majority of respondents (47.7%) completed secondary school while 18.0% were unable to read and write. The average BMI of participants was 25.0 ± 3.6kg/m2, 37 (33.3%) were overweight, 11(9.9%) were obese. Average FBS at diagnosis was 265.25 (0±99.4 mg/dl) for all patients and about 24.3% of the total study population had hypertension. Diabetic retinopathy was detected in 24 (21.6%) patients out of whom 7(29.16%) had mild NPDR, 8 (33.33%) moderate NPDR 5(20.8%)severe NPDR (20.8%) and 4 (16.7%)PDR . Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy at time of diagnosis among type II diabetes showed 21.6%. This high number of undiagnosed DR indicate early and regular screening for diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients and more aggressive management of modifiable risk factors could reduce the numbers of people who develop vision-threatening retinopathy.

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