scholarly journals Legal AI from a Privacy Point of View: Data Protection and Transparency in Focus

Author(s):  
Cecilia Magnusson Sjöberg

A major starting point is that transparency is a condition for privacy in the context of personal data processing, especially when based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods. A major keyword here is openness, which however is not equivalent to transparency. This is explained by the fact that an organization may very well be governed by principles of openness but still not provide transparency due to insufficient access rights and lacking implementation of those rights. Given these hypotheses, the chapter investigates and illuminates ways forward in recognition of algorithms, machine learning, and big data as critical success factors of personal data processing based on AI—that is, if privacy is to be preserved. In these circumstances, autonomy of technology calls for attention and needs to be challenged from a variety of perspectives. Not least, a legal approach to digital human sciences appears to be a resource to examine further. This applies, for instance, when data subjects in the public as well as in the private sphere are exposed to AI for better or for worse. Providing what may be referred to as a legal shield between user and application might be one remedy to shortcomings in this context.

Author(s):  
Birgit Bosio ◽  
Melanie Scheiber

AbstractCustomer relationship management (CRM) is proving to be one of the most promising business strategies. However, in the field of destination marketing literature, a problem exists as to how data-supported CRM can be established. While customer data management has already been well exploited in other industries, DMOs lack customer proximity and data sovereignty. The aim of this paper is to fill this research gap and show how a data-based CRM can be deployed by DMOs based on the principles of social exchange theory. In 13 expert interviews, these aspects were examined from the DMO’s point of view. The results show that the exchange relationship must be established taking into account the DMO’s extraordinary conditions and critical success factors. In order to stimulate guests’ desire for dialogue or the willingness to disclose personal data, DMOs should offer high-quality customer benefits. A combination of hedonic and utilitarian benefits are found to be the most effective stimuli. In return, only the most necessary customer information should be requested and subsequently built passively. Only if the cost and benefit ratio of the exchange relationship is positive for both parties, a database for the CRM can be built in order to foster long-lasting relationships with potential and returning guests.


Author(s):  
Susana Fernández-Lores ◽  
Gema Martínez-Navarro ◽  
Diana Gavilán

The evolution of technology and the digital empowerment of society have led to the proliferation of Audiovisual Content Webs (ACWs) where users can share information and experiences, along with other commercial resources. ACWs have led to significant changes in the way users can select and access audiovisual content. The design of these websites combines various features, including a user community, streamed content, ticket sales, and recommendations, among others. Each ACW has a specific profile with respect to the mentioned variables. The aim of this study is to identify the critical success factors for a ACW, i.e., which features and the form they should take to attract followers, thus increasing the capacity to prescribe and broadcast content. Using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), a formal analysis technique that allows the identification of combinations that produce a certain result, a sample of the 12 most representative cinema websites in Spain is analyzed. The results indicate that the incorporation of content recommendation systems and the connection with streaming platforms through which the content can be accessed are key factors in the success of these ACWs. This work contributes academically to the knowledge and explanation of audience behavior in the new audiovisual scenario. From a professional point of view, relevant design suggestions are offered to platform creators. Finally, the limitations of this work are described, and future lines of research are considered. Resumen La evolución de la tecnología y el empoderamiento digital de la sociedad ha dado lugar a la proliferación de webs de contenidos audiovisuales (WCA) donde los usuarios comparten información y experiencias, junto a otros recursos comerciales. Las WCA han provocado cambios significativos en la forma en la que los usuarios pueden seleccionar y acceder a los contenidos audiovisuales. En su diseño, estas webs combinan varias prestaciones: comunidad de usuarios, contenidos en streaming, venta de entradas o recomendaciones, entre otros. Cada WCA presenta un perfil específico respecto a las variables descritas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los factores críticos de éxito de una WCA, es decir las prestaciones y la forma que deben adoptar para captar seguidores, aumentando con ello capacidad de prescripción y difusión de contenidos. Mediante el análisis cualitativo comparado (QCA), técnica formal de análisis que permite la identificación de combinaciones que producen un determinado resultado, se analiza una muestra de las 12 webs de cine más representativas en España. Los resultados indican que la incorporación de sistemas de recomendación de contenidos y la conexión con plataformas en streaming desde las que poder acceder a los contenidos son factores claves del éxito. El trabajo contribuye académicamente al conocimiento y la explicación de la conducta de la audiencia en el nuevo escenario audiovisual. Desde el punto de vista profesional se ofrecen sugerencias relevantes de diseño para los creadores de plataformas. Por último, se describen las limitaciones del trabajo y se plantean futuras líneas de investigación.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Mohamed Bukamal ◽  
Rami Mohammad Abu Wadi

<p>This study aims empirically to analyze the critical factors that impact the success of ERP system implementation in the public sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain and to clarify the benefits gained from the implementation. The study used a detailed questionnaire as a measuring instrument across the sample group to measure two main variables, the first being critical success factors (CSFs), and the second whether ERP implementation was successful or not. The CSFs are top management commitment and support, ERP system matching organization, business process re-engineering, vendor support, and training users.</p>Those factors found to have a significant impact on ERP system implementation and the results illuminate the high level of success in implementing ERP systems. While simultaneously demonstrating that an organization with a functioning ERP system does not achieve the desired benefits by default, but rather the organization requires certain Critical Success Factors (CSFs) to be present and in effect for those benefits to be achieved.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Higor M. Santos ◽  
Carina F. Alves ◽  
George F. Santos ◽  
André L. Santana

Business Process Management involves theoretical and operationalelements from different areas, being a multidisciplinary field. In previousstudies, we identified critical success factors of BPM initiatives in BrazilianPublic Organizations. In this work, we intend to investigate how to managethese factors. To achieve this goal, we performed a focus group with fiveprofessionals with experience in BPM initiatives within the public sector. Themain contribution of this study is to fill the gap in the literature concerningcritical success factors for BPM initiatives in public organizations.


2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Almarri ◽  
Halim Boussabaine

Governments are increasingly entering partnerships with the private sector through the public–private partnership (PPP) model for the development of public projects. Value for money analysis is used to assess the viability of these ventures. This research aims to investigate the contribution of the PPP critical success factors to value for money viability analysis. Relevant data were collected through a questionnaire to establish the PPP critical success factors and value for money success criteria. Data were collected from 92 participants. The data obtained were analyzed using mean score, t-test, and regression analysis. The research found that government guarantees, macroeconomic conditions, shared authority between the public and private sectors, social support, and transparent procurement process contributed positively to value for money viability analysis. The results imply that practitioners should consider these key indicators for improving the value for money viability of PPP projects.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Jaafer Y. Altarawneh ◽  
Vinesh Thiruchelvam ◽  
Behrang Samadi

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the critical success factors and the critical delays in the context of water infrastructure construction projects (WICPs) in the Abu Dhabi Emirate. In addition, the purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model to investigate the potential relationship. The literature concerning the critical success and delay factors and the related models that are available provide a starting point for developing the conceptual model. Based on the comprehensive and thorough literature review, all the dimensions of the variables are identified and discussed in detail.This study attempts to reduce the existing gap in the literature regarding the relationship between the critical success factors and critical delay. It forms a foundation upon which further local research can be conducted. In addition, it attempts to identify and point out the most critical success factors that will minimize the delay claims in water infrastructure construction projects (WICPs), as such delays would lead to some of the most difficult and controversial disputes to resolve.  Internationally, it is expected that the findings of this research may help as an evidentiary reference data on which other and further similar comparative researches could be initiated and developed in different environments in terms of cultural, social, contractual, political, and environmental mediums.Finally, the conceptual framework was developed by identifying six (6) variables for project critical success namely Project Management Process (PMP), Project Manager Competency (PMC), Project Team Members’ Competency (PTC), Project Organizational Planning (POP), Project Resources’ Utilization (PRU) and Project Organizational Commitment (POC).


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Miriam Bongo ◽  
Dharyll Prince Abellana ◽  
Shirley Ann Caballes ◽  
Rosein Ancheta Jr. ◽  
Celbert Himang ◽  
...  

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