scholarly journals LA INFLUENCIA DE LA MEMORIA Y LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE APRENDIZAJE EN RELACIÓN A LA COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA EN ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Álvaro Muelas Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Basic Skills ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Education Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educación Primaria

Abstract.The difficulties of reading comprehension by primary school students is a widespread problem in many different educational settings. This difficulty affects the learning of all educational areas, since they mainly use written language to express the content and assess their learning, hence, reading literacy is one of the basic skills that the school should develop in students. Reading and writing are priorities in primary education and in the context of basic skills at the end of this stage, students should be able to read their own texts independently and age to be able to use the resources to overcome the difficulties which arise from the understanding of a text. Accordingly, during primary education , students must get a reading, in addition to comprehensive, interpretive (taking into account the experience of the reader) and valuation. To do this, both memory and learning strategies play an important role. Regarding memory, given its structural model, in many cases, the students will have a deficit in reading comprehension because they have difficulties in relation to their sensory memory, comprising the exteroceptive senses (sight, taste, hearing, smell and touch). Failure to reach information correctly to the corresponding lobes of the brain, makes it can not be properly encoded by the students, causing all of the information that reaches the short term memory of the student, I have little meaning for him, making the grade reader compression is low. Concerning learning strategies have a key role to work reading comprehension of students. In our classrooms, we must provide students from early ages of a set of strategies (motivation , attention, information processing , critical thinking, etc.). To encourage and assist in understanding a text, and essentially that is the way for adequate academic performance.Keywords: Reading Comprehension - memory - learning strategies - academic achievement - student.Resumen.Las dificultades de comprensión lectora por parte de los estudiantes de educación primaria es un problema generalizado en ambientes educativos muy diversos. Esta dificultad repercute en el aprendizaje de todas las áreas educativas, puesto que éstas utilizan principalmente el lenguaje escrito para expresar los contenidos y evaluar sus aprendizajes; por ello, la competencia lectora es una de las competencias básicas que la escuela debe desarrollar en los estudiantes. Leer y escribir son objetivos prioritarios en la educación primaria y, en el contexto de las competencias básicas, al final de esta etapa los alumnos han de poder leer textos propios de su edad de forma autónoma y ser capaces de utilizar los recursos necesarios para superar las dificultades que pueda plantear la comprensión de un texto. Para ello, durante la educación primaria, los estudiantes deben conseguir realizar una lectura, además de comprensiva, interpretativa (teniendo en cuenta la experiencia del lector) y valorativa. Para ello, tanto la memoria como las estrategias de aprendizaje tienen un papel muy importante. En relación a la memoria, teniendo en cuenta su modelo estructural, en muchas ocasiones, los alumnos tienen un déficit en comprensión lectora debido a que presentan dificultades en relación a su memoria sensorial, compuesta por los sentidos exteroceptivos (vista, gusto, oído, olfato y tacto). Al no llegar correctamente la información a los lóbulos correspondientes del cerebro, hace que no pueda ser codificada correctamente por los estudiantes, provocando que toda la información que llega a la memoria a corto plazo del alumno, tenga poco significado para él, haciendo que el grado de compresión lector sea bajo. Respecto a las estrategias de aprendizaje, tienen un papel fundamental a la hora de trabajar la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes. En nuestras aulas, se debe dotar a los estudiantes desde edades tempranas de un conjunto de estrategias (motivación, atención, elaboración de la información, pensamiento crítico, etc. ) que favorezcan y ayuden a la hora de comprender un texto, y fundamentalmente, que sea el camino para un adecuado rendimiento académico.Palabras clave: Comprensión lectora – memoria – estrategias de aprendizaje – rendimiento académico – estudiante.

scholarly journals Estudio sobre el patrimonio de la ciudad de Lorca en educación primaria

2019 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Silvia Martínez de Miguel López ◽  
Juan Antonio Salmerón Aroca ◽  
María Luz Serrano Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
Education Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
The City

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el nivel de conocimientos, que posee el alumnado de educación primaria de Lorca (Murcia), acerca de los bienes culturales de la ciudad después del seísmo que asoló a la ciudad en 2011. En el marco de un diseño de investigación no experimental, de tipo exploratorio, se empleó un cuestionario creado ad hoc, que fue aplicado a 156 escolares de educación primaria. Los resultados del estudio muestran una evidente capacidad de mejora respecto al nivel de conocimiento y grado de frecuentación del alumnado al patrimonio histórico artístico. Se concluye que, a pesar de más de un lustro de rehabilitación del patrimonio lorquino, sin embargo, el conocimiento por parte del alumnado es todavía escaso frente a sus posibilidades pedagógicas, siendo necesario promover e incrementar su frecuentación, difusión, divulgación y conocimiento desde la escuela.Abstract: The objective of this work is to analyze the level of knowledge of primary education students about the cultural and museum heritage, after having suffered the earthquake that devastated the city on 2011. A non-experimental research design, of an exploratory type, was used an ad hoc questionnaire, which was applied to 156 primary school students. The results of the study show an evident improvement in the level of knowledge and degree of attendance of the local cultural heritage.  It is concluded that, despite after more than a few years of rehabilitation of the lorquino heritage, however, the knowledge of the students is still low compared to their pedagogical possibilities, being necessary to promote and to increase their frequency, dissemination, dissemination and knowledge from school.

Η ανάπτυξη αναγνωστικών, γλωσσικών και γνωστικών δεξιοτήτων στους μαθητές του δημοτικού σχολείου

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Σοφία Παπαϊωάννου
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Development Of Language

Development of Cognitive and Academic Abilities in Greek Elementary School Students The development of language and reading skills is closely linked to the maturation ofcognitive abilities. This study focuses on Attention and Executive skills (EFs) and theirconnection with the development of language and reading skills among elementary schoolstudents, with emphasis on reading comprehension. In the context of two studies weexamined: the effect of Attention and EFs on Reading Comprehension controlling for printrelatedskills, the direct and indirect effects of attention, the factors that may moderate theseeffects of cognitive abilities on Reading Comprehension, and the cognitive and academicperformance of children demonstrating teacher-rated ADHD-related symptoms. A battery of tests assessing Sustained Attention, Short-term Memory (STM), EFs, andacademic skills was administered to a representative sample of, largely untreated, Greekelementary school students (N= 597 and N=923, respectively). Attention and EFs contributedsignificant additional variance to the prediction of Reading Comprehension after controllingfor efficiency, accuracy, morphosyntactic and vocabulary knowledge. Attention-relatedabilities contributed to Reading Comprehension indirectly through EFs. The only factor thatmoderated the effects of EFs on Reading Comprehension was Reading Efficiency. Significantdeficits in EFs and STM were restricted to the groups of students displaying inattentionsymptoms. Results demonstrated a close link between EFs, other than inhibition and set-shifting,everyday symptoms of inattention, and achievement in math and word-level reading skills.Reduced performance on EF measures was identified as the most important factor thatdistinguished between students with pervasive academic difficulties and their typicallyachieving peers, regardless of the presence of inattention symptoms. Considering the crosssectionalnature of the present study, our results provide some support to the hypothesis that EF deficits are causally related to developmental academic difficulties, and may set a firmbasis for implementing a cognitive approach to the management of students with ReadingComprehension difficulties and severe inattention symptoms.

scholarly journals Claves de la mediación para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora.Un estudio cualitativo en aulas de 4º de educación primaria//Mediation in the development of reading comprehension. A qualitative study in primary education

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Blasco-Serrano ◽  
Ana Arraiz Pérez ◽  
Mª Ángeles Garrido Laparte
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Teaching Culture ◽  
Mediation Processes ◽  
Educación Primaria

RESUMENDesde una perspectiva socioconstructivista y de acuerdo al modelo PASS, la mediación es una estrategia fundamental para el desarrollo de la lectura. Esta investigación indaga sus claves para favorecer la comprensión lectora en aulas de 4º de educación primaria. Se utiliza un estudio de caso múltiple, de tipo evaluativo, en tres contextos escolares diferenciados. Los datos se recogen a través de la observación participante, las entrevistas a las maestras, los grupos de discusión y microrrelatos a los niños. El análisis cualitativo se lleva a cabo desde el momento inicial de registro con el método comparativo constante. Los resultados vertebran la mediación para favorecer la comprensión lectora desde tres macrocategorías: la sensibilidad de los miembros de la comunidad educativa, las dinámicas organizativas marcadas por la colaboración y participación regulada, así como la argumentación basada en el debate y el diálogo para la metacognición explícita. Las relaciones entre las distintas categorías y los diferentes contextos marcan matices de interés en el desarrollo de los procesos de mediación, que resaltan el rol modulador de la cultura docente en el potencial de las claves obtenidas. Los resúmenes de trabajos empíricos deben seguir esta estructura.ABSTRACT From a socioconstructivist perspective and according to the PASS model, mediation is a key strategy for reading development. This research explores how to promote reading comprehension in 4th grade primary education students. A multiple case study design, in an evaluative way, is used in three different school contexts. The data presented were obtained through participant observation, interviews with teachers, groups of discussion, and children’s micro-stories.  The qualitative analysis is carried out with the constant comparative method. The results show that mediation improves reading comprehension from three macro-categories: the sensitivity of the educational community, the organizational dynamics indicated by the collaboration and regulated participation, and the argumentation based on the debate and the dialogue for the explicit metacognition. The relationship between the different categories and contexts show nuances of interest in the development of the mediation processes, which highlight the modulating role of the teaching culture in the potential of the key issues obtained. The relation between different categories and contexts indicate the interest in the mediation process development, as well as highlighting the role of teaching culture in the potential of the obtained keys points.

Effects of Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies on High School Students with Serious Reading Problems

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn S. Fuchs ◽  
Douglas Fuchs ◽  
Sarah Kazdan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Peer Assisted Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Peer Assisted Learning Strategies

This study examined the effects of peer-assisted learning strategies (PALS) on students' literacy development and beliefs about reading, when PALS is implemented with secondary-level students in remedial and special education classes. Teachers were assigned to PALS ( n = 9 classes) and contrast ( n = 9 classes) treatments. Teachers implemented PALS with their entire classes five times every 2 weeks, for 16 weeks. To designate research participants for outcome measurement, teachers identified all students whose reading instructional levels were Grades 2 through 6. Reading comprehension and fluency were measured before and after treatment; beliefs were indexed after treatment. Analyses of variance indicated that, compared to contrast counterparts, PALS students grew more on reading comprehension and reported more positive beliefs about working hard to improve reading. However, PALS and contrast students grew comparably on reading fluency and reported similar beliefs about being and wanting to become better readers. Implications are discussed for developing effective forms of peer-mediated instruction for use in high school remedial and special education classes.

scholarly journals Estudiantes con déficit atencional enfrentando tareas de comprensión lectora y producción de textos: Un estudio comparativo en alumnado de 4° año de educación primaria en Chile

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fabián Andrés Inostroza-Inostroza
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Text Production ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Educación Primaria

The present article aims to compare the performance in students with Attention Deficit Disorder to those who do not present it, in tasks of reading comprehension and text production carried out by students attending the fourth grade of primary education. This quantitative, non-experimental comparative study aims to provide evidence regarding the way in which this condition limits the learning outcomes in the tasks of comprehension and production of texts, language, and communication. One the main findings of this research was that students with attention deficit disorder showed lower reading comprehension performance than their peers who do not presented this diagnosis. This same tendency was observed in the results of the texts production tasks. This implies that the disorder affecting the attention in students with it interferes in the process of language learning. This generates challenges and new questions for those who do research in this topic; and for the case of teachers, it presents new challenges when planning the teaching in order to adapt it to the specific requirements of these students in the area of language.

scholarly journals EL DESAFÍO DE LA COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA - The challenge of reading comprehension in primary education

Panorama ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Sibele Nadalya Peña-García
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Educación Primaria

En esta investigación se observa la importancia de las estrategias didácticas en la comprensión de la lectura, en los alumnos mexicanos que cursan el sexto grado de educación primaria; destacan las relaciones entre los momentos, estrategias y modalidades de lectura en los resultados obtenidos.  Se caracteriza por ser cuantitativa y de campo; de corte trasversal y sincrónica. Con una muestra representativa de 100 sujetos. Entre los principales hallazgos, se muestra la importancia de tener un objetivo claro y hacer anticipaciones sobre la lectura ayuda a los alumnos a inferir, resumir, interpretar y sintetizar la información. Además, la demostración y explicación de las prácticas didácticas asociadas entre sí, permiten dar cuenta a cada docente sobre la importancia de su aplicación en el aula para consolidar el gusto por leer, la comprensión de la lectura y la redacción de textos en los alumnos, esto como base sólida para el desarrollo del aprendizaje. Se demuestra que el docente es el principal modelo y promotor de la lectura, el guía y orientación que consolida las habilidades de lectura y escritura en el aula en sus alumnos. La originalidad de la investigación radica en el diseño del instrumento para operar las variables implicadas en las estrategias de lectura propuestas en la metodología didáctica del programa de Educación Primaria en México vigente (pág.47 Plan de Estudios 2011. Guía para el maestro. SEP) y aplicarlo en alumnos de una institución pública como muestra de lo que ocurre en las aulas, según la opinión de los estudiantes.

scholarly journals Age, Language Difference and Proficiency as Determinant Factors in Learning Strategy Use

Lenguaje ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-197
Author(s):  
Feryal Cubukcu ◽  
Murat Bayalas
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Language Difference ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Foreign Language Proficiency ◽  
Learning Strategy Use

This study examines how language difference, age, and proficiency are related to the choice and use of learning strategies by students completing a reading comprehension task. The aim of this study is to determine the learning strategies employed by two groups of students of different ages and with different foreign language proficiency levels. Participants of the study were 94 university students and 105 secondary school students. Participants were given a reading comprehension task in their native language, Turkish, and another in English, with the learning strategies they employed in the two languages categorized according to the Learning Strategies Determining Scale. It was observed that language difference, age and proficiency were influential factors in determining which learning strategies individuals used.

scholarly journals Effect of Student Teams Achievement Division and Think-Pair-Share on Students' Achievement in Reading Comprehension

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 218-237
Author(s):  
Eucharia Okwudilichukwu Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
English Language ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Student Teams

AbstractThe study investigated the effect of two cooperative learning strategies, Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) and Think-Pair-Share (TPS) on senior secondary school students’ achievement in reading comprehension in Vandeikya Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria. A total of 78 students (43 males and 35 females), drawn from three secondary schools participated in the study. Experimental and control conditions were randomly assigned to the three intact classes: EG1 (STAD), EG2 (TPS) and CG (Control Group). The instrument used was Reading Comprehension Achievement Test (r=0.784). Data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results show higher achievement gains for students in the EG1 and EG2 over those of the CG, but not across gender. The findings support the existing evidence on the efficacy of cooperative learning over the traditional teaching method. English language teachers will therefore find the two techniques useful in teaching reading comprehension.   Keywords: cooperative learning, Student Teams-Achievement Divisions, Think-Pair-Share, academic achievement, reading comprehension      

scholarly journals Disruptive Behavior Programs on Primary School Students: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1009
Author(s):  
Diego Martín Retuerto ◽  
Iker Ros Martínez de Lahidalga ◽  
Irantzu Ibañez Lasurtegui
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
Education Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Extensive Information

The objective of this study was to review the existing international literature on research and programs for the reduction of disruptive behavior in primary school students. For this purpose, according to PRISMA-ScR, a mixed systematic review was performed in six databases in order to obtain wide and extensive information related to the subject under study. The studies obtained were analyzed through a table which emphasized the data related to: Author(s), year, educational stage, location, objectives, instruments, and results. As for the selection of studies, the UNESCO Thesaurus and the ERIC Thesaurus terminology was used. In addition to specifying the search for studies performed between 2004 and 2020 (both inclusive), articles written in Spanish and English were selected. Furthermore, in a final phase among the articles analyzed, those that were not or did not contain intervention programs were discarded. Therefore, a total of thirty-five articles out of more than twenty thousand were analyzed in depth. The results showed that a majority of programs were implemented in the primary education stage, as well as a predominance of the use of instruments, such as questionnaires and observation charts. In addition, it is important to underline that 77.14% of the programs analyzed were effective, hence, they met the proposed objectives. In summary, although the number of intervention programs for the reduction of disruptive behavior that can be found in the international scientific literature is growing, there is still a long way to go in order to create a large network that can serve as a foundation for interventions in primary education students.

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