scholarly journals POWER ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF BRITTLE MATERIALS DESTRUCTION IN UNIVERSAL CRUSHING MACHINE WITH ROLL LOCKER

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
A. G. Nikitin ◽  
Yu. A. Epifantsev ◽  
K. S. Medvedeva ◽  
P. B. Gerike
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Simultaneous Action ◽  
Drive Power ◽  
Energy Unit ◽  
Crushed Material ◽  
Roll Crusher

The processing of friable materials used in metallurgical industry for production of definite size classes requires operation of crushing machines, including single-roll machines. Parameters of crushing process are degree and efficiency of crushing. The crushing degree is estimated by the ratio of dimensions of the initial crushing and resulting pieces and depends on the size of gap between the roll and the fixed jaw. Crushing efficiency is determined by mass of material crushed by consumed electric energy unit, and depends mainly on strength of crushed material. In order to reduce energy consumption needed for crushing, a single-roll crusher was developed at Siberian State Industrial University with forced feeding of crushing piece into the fracture zone due to the locker located on the roll. Forces of technological resistance appearing during machine operation are the main initial values for machine drive power and structural elements strength testing, thus, the operation power analysis is an integral stage in the design of any machine, including a crushing one. In the present work, forces acting on a crushing piece from roll side and fixed jaw in vertical and horizontal planes are identified. Based on the results obtained, it was determined that internal compressive forces acting on piece of crushing material cause action of normal compressive stresses in a piece, as well as an internal torque effect, which causes shearing stresses action, i.e. a complex stress state is generated in a fractioned piece with simultaneous action of normal and shearing stresses, under which action a fractioning piece is destroyed. Thus reduction in energy consumption for crushing is achieved, with all other conditions being equal. It reduces energy consumption of a single-roll crusher with forced feeding of material into the crushing zone.

scholarly journals Prospects for energy-saving methods of crushing brittle materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-446
Author(s):  
A. G. Nikitin ◽  
A. R. Fastykovskii ◽  
M. E. Shabunov ◽  
N. M. Kurochkin ◽  
I. A. Bazhenov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Crushed Material ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Processed Material

Crushing machines are part of the charge departments of blast-furnace and steel-making shops of metallurgical enterprises. One of the main indicator of the crushing process is its energy efficiency. It is determined by the mass of crushed material when consuming a  unit of electricity. The article considers various methods of crushing brittle materials and the design of crushing machines for their implementation. The  analysis of the crushers has shown that impact crushers are the most energy-efficient. However, due to a significant drawback (the yield of a  suitable product is very small), they are practically not used in the metallurgical industry, in which high requirements are imposed on the finished product fractional composition. In the metallurgical industry, compression crushers are widely used with approximately the same specific energy intensity, that is, with the same energy consumption for the destruction of a unit volume of material of equal strength. Compression fracture is the most energy intensive crushing method known. In single-roll crushers, a  piece of material is fed into the gap between a roll and a solid, stationary plate. During the operation a complex stress state is generated in the destructed material. Compressive forces act on a piece of crushed material, causing normal compressive stresses in it, and an internal torque, causing shear stresses. This is achieved by the reduction in energy on crushing by 20 – 30 % in comparison with crushers operating in compression (all other things are equal). The  authors describe the design of a crusher, in which the destruction of the processed material occurs due to the forces acting on the crushed piece in one plane towards each other. In this case, only shear stresses arise in the processed piece. The use of crushers, in which the destruction of the processed material occurs due to generation of only tangential stresses in  a  piece, can reduce the energy consumption per unit of finished product by almost a half. The design of such crushers is a promising direction in the development of machines intended for crushing.

Measurements of electric energy consumption in a low energy building in Slovak climatic conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Bagoňa ◽  
Dušan Katunský ◽  
Martin Lopušniak ◽  
Marián Vertaľ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

scholarly journals Effect of Roof Cooling and Air Curtain Gates on Thermal and Wind Conditions in Stadiums for Hot Climates

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3941
Author(s):  
Fangliang Zhong ◽  
Hassam Nasarullah Chaudhry ◽  
John Kaiser Calautit
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Air Curtain ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Energy Consumptions ◽  
The Spectator

To host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, Qatar is facing the greatest challenge in balancing the energy consumptions for cooling the stadiums and the thermal comfort for both players and spectators. Previous studies have not considered using a combined configuration of air curtain and roof cooling supply slot in stadiums to prevent the infiltration of outside hot air and reduce the cooling system’s energy consumption. This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study of thermal and wind modeling around a baseline stadium and simulates the cooling scenarios of air curtains and roof cooling along with the energy consumption estimations for the World Cup matches using Building Energy Simulation (BES). Sensitivity analysis of different supply speeds and supply temperatures of air curtain gates and roof cooling was carried out, and the results showed that scenario six, which provides supply air of 25 m/s and 20 m/s at the roof and air curtain gates with a supply temperature of 10 °C, demonstrates optimal thermal performances on both the spectator tiers and the pitch. Compared with the baseline stadium performance, the average reductions in temperature on the pitch and spectator tiers under scenario six could reach 15 °C and 14.6 °C. The reductions in the Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied values for the upper and lower tiers as well as the pitch were 63%, 74%, and 78%. In terms of the estimated energy consumptions, scenario six would consume electric energy per match at a rate of 25.5 MWh compared with 22.8 MWh for one of the stadiums in the 2010 South Africa World Cup and 42.0 MWh for the 2006 Germany World Cup. Future research is recommended to explore the influence of supply angle on air curtain gates and roof cooling supply slots’ performances.

scholarly journals Traffic Light Priority for Trams in Warsaw as a Tool for Transport Policy and Reduction of Energy Consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4180
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czerepicki ◽  
Tomasz Krukowicz ◽  
Anna Górka ◽  
Jarosław Szustek
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The article presents an analysis of priority solutions for trams at a selected sequence of intersections in Warsaw (Poland). An analysis of the literature has shown the topicality of this issue. A computer simulation model of a coordinated sequence of intersections was constructed. Three test scenarios were designed: the existing control system, the new coordinated fixed-time control system, and the adaptive control system with active priority. In the simulation process, detailed travel characteristics of trams and other traffic participants in a selected section were obtained for the three varying scenarios. Electric energy consumption for traction needs and pollutant emissions was then estimated for each of the variants. It was concluded that for the analyzed configuration, implementation of the adaptive priority will result in a reduction of tram time losses by up to 25%, a reduction in energy consumption by up to 23%, and a reduction in the emission of pollutants from individual vehicles by up to 3% in relation to the original variant. The conducted research may be the basis for a comprehensive method of assessing the effectiveness of applying the adaptative priority when designing new tramway lines and modernizing the existing ones.

scholarly journals Investigating Primary Factors Affecting Electricity Consumption in Non-Residential Buildings Using a Data-Driven Approach

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyoun Cho ◽  
Jeehang Lee ◽  
Jumi Baek ◽  
Gi-Seok Kim ◽  
Seung-Bok Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Building Energy Consumption

Although the latest energy-efficient buildings use a large number of sensors and measuring instruments to predict consumption more accurately, it is generally not possible to identify which data are the most valuable or key for analysis among the tens of thousands of data points. This study selected the electric energy as a subset of total building energy consumption because it accounts for more than 65% of the total building energy consumption, and identified the variables that contribute to electric energy use. However, this study aimed to confirm data from a building using clustering in machine learning, instead of a calculation method from engineering simulation, to examine the variables that were identified and determine whether these variables had a strong correlation with energy consumption. Three different methods confirmed that the major variables related to electric energy consumption were significant. This research has significance because it was able to identify the factors in electric energy, accounting for more than half of the total building energy consumption, that had a major effect on energy consumption and revealed that these key variables alone, not the default values of many different items in simulation analysis, can ensure the reliable prediction of energy consumption.

scholarly journals AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Didik Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping System

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC

Research on Jobshop Scheduling Problem with Energy Consumption

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 2071-2075
Author(s):  
Jia Hai Wang ◽  
Wen Tao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Load Shifting ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Jobshop Scheduling ◽  
Time Division ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.

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