scholarly journals The application features of the modified graphitized carbon lining materials in the alumina electrolysis cell

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
A. V. Saitov ◽  
V. Yu. Bazhin
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Activation Energy ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Lithium Vapor ◽  
Protection Technology ◽  
Sodium Diffusion ◽  
Sodium Penetration

It was studied how Sodium penetrates inside the samples of the Lithium-modified graphitized carbon material (GCM). The Sodium diffusion coefficients were defined after the GCM's treatment by the Lithium vapor and the diffusion activation energy was calculated for different conditions. The obtained kinetic dependencies allowed to establish the mechanism of Sodium diffusion into the modified GCM. It was shown to be reasonable to expose the GCM's samples to the preliminary treatment by the Lithium vapor which prevents the destruction of the alumina electrolysis cells' cathode surface's lining layers and thus increases its service life. As the tested GCM's samples demonstrated, the possibility was achieved to develop the protection technology of the bottom surface of the Sodium penetration in course of the electrolysis in the alumina-cryolite melts.

scholarly journals Sustainable Syntheses and Sources of Nanomaterials for Microbial Fuel/Electrolysis Cell Applications: An Overview of Recent Progress

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Domenico Frattini ◽  
Gopalu Karunakaran ◽  
Eun-Bum Cho ◽  
Yongchai Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Bioenergy Generation ◽  
Valuable Compounds

The use of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is quickly spreading in the fields of bioenergy generation and wastewater treatment, as well as in the biosynthesis of valuable compounds for microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). MFCs and MECs have not been able to penetrate the market as economic feasibility is lost when their performances are boosted by nanomaterials. The nanoparticles used to realize or decorate the components (electrodes or the membrane) have expensive processing, purification, and raw resource costs. In recent decades, many studies have approached the problem of finding green synthesis routes and cheap sources for the most common nanoparticles employed in MFCs and MECs. These nanoparticles are essentially made of carbon, noble metals, and non-noble metals, together with a few other few doping elements. In this review, the most recent findings regarding the sustainable preparation of nanoparticles, in terms of syntheses and sources, are collected, commented, and proposed for applications in MFC and MEC devices. The use of naturally occurring, recycled, and alternative raw materials for nanoparticle synthesis is showcased in detail here. Several examples of how these naturally derived or sustainable nanoparticles have been employed in microbial devices are also examined. The results demonstrate that this approach is valuable and could represent a solid alternative to the expensive use of commercial nanoparticles.

Intermediate-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells with thin proton-conducting electrolyte and a robust air electrode

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
pp. 22945-22951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libin Lei ◽  
Zetian Tao ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
John P. Lemmon ◽  
Fanglin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Intermediate Temperature ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells

A proton-conducting solid oxide electrolysis cell (H-SOEC) is a promising device that efficiently converts electrical energy to chemical energy.

Power-to-gas systems utilizing methanation reaction in solid oxide electrolysis cell cathodes: a model-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2691-2706
Author(s):  
Naoya Fujiwara ◽  
Shohei Tada ◽  
Ryuji Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Direct Power ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Power To Gas ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Cell Cathodes

A novel direct power-to-gas system utilizing solid oxide electrolysis cells was modelled and evaluated to clarify its potential advantages.

13 Electrochemistry in Laboratory Flow Systems

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Folgueiras-Amador ◽  
J. W. Hodgson ◽  
R. C. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transport ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Flow Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Plane Parallel Plate ◽  
Rotating Electrodes ◽  
Enhance Mass

Organic electrosynthesis in flow reactors is an area of increasing interest, with efficient mass transport and high electrode area to reactor volume present in many flow electrolysis cell designs facilitating higher rates of production with high selectivity. The controlled reaction environment available in flow cells also offers opportunities to develop new electrochemical processes. In this chapter, various types of electrochemical flow cells are reviewed in the context of laboratory synthesis, paying particular attention to how the different reactor environments impact upon the electrochemical processes, and the factors responsible for good cell performance. Coverage includes well-established plane-parallel-plate designs, reactors with small interelectrode gaps, extended-channel electrolysis cells, and highly sophisticated designs with rapidly rotating electrodes to enhance mass transport. In each case, illustrative electrosyntheses are presented.

Hierarchically ordered porous Ni-based cathode-supported solid oxide electrolysis cells for stable CO2 electrolysis without safe gas

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 24098-24102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehua Dong ◽  
Shanshan Xu ◽  
Xin Shao ◽  
Leigh Hucker ◽  
Justin Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Co2 Electrolysis ◽  
Ordered Porous

This study reported a hierarchically ordered porous Ni-based cathode of a solid oxide electrolysis cell to realise stable CO2 electrolysis without the need for safe gas.

Performance of microbial electrolysis cells with bioanodes grown at different external resistances

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Rago ◽  
Nuria Monpart ◽  
Pilar Cortés ◽  
Juan A. Baeza ◽  
Albert Guisasola
Keyword(s):  
H2 Production ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis

Bioelectrochemical systems need an anode with a high abundance of exoelectrogenic bacteria for an optimal performance. Among all possible operational parameters for an efficient enrichment, the role of external resistance in microbial fuel cell (MFC) has gained a lot of interest since it indirectly poises an anode potential, a key parameter for biofilm distribution and morphology. Thus, this work aims at investigating and discussing whether bioanodes selected at different external resistances under MFC operation present different responses under both MFC and microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) operation. A better MEC performance (i.e. shorter start-up time, higher current intensity and higher H2 production rate) was obtained with an anode from an MFC developed under low external resistance. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) confirmed that a low external resistance provides an MFC anodic biofilm with the highest content of Geobacter because it allows higher current intensity, which is correlated to exoelectrogenic activity. High external resistances such as 1,000 Ω led to a slower start-up time under MEC operation.

Three-Dimensional Construction of Electrode Materials Using TiC Nanoarrays Substrates for Highly Efficient Electrogeneration of Sulfate Radicals and Molecular Hydrogen in a Single Electrolysis Cell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Woo Park ◽  
Eun-Tae Yun ◽  
Hyun Jung Shin ◽  
Wooyul Kim ◽  
Jaesang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Sulfate Radicals ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Electrolysis Cells

The development of three-dimensional electrode substrate is a strategy of designing powerful electrolysis cells for hydrogen production combined with electrochemical oxidation of various refractory organic compounds. Herein, to achieve highly...

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Microbial Electrolysis Cell-Based Biohydrogen Production Utilizing Wastewater as a Feedstock

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8796
Author(s):  
Pooja Dange ◽  
Soumya Pandit ◽  
Dipak Jadhav ◽  
Poojhaa Shanmugam ◽  
Piyush Kumar Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis

Carbon constraints, as well as the growing hazard of greenhouse gas emissions, have accelerated research into all possible renewable energy and fuel sources. Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), a novel technology able to convert soluble organic matter into energy such as hydrogen gas, represent the most recent breakthrough. While research into energy recovery from wastewater using microbial electrolysis cells is fascinating and a carbon-neutral technology that is still mostly limited to lab-scale applications, much more work on improving the function of microbial electrolysis cells would be required to expand their use in many of these applications. The present limiting issues for effective scaling up of the manufacturing process include the high manufacturing costs of microbial electrolysis cells, their high internal resistance and methanogenesis, and membrane/cathode biofouling. This paper examines the evolution of microbial electrolysis cell technology in terms of hydrogen yield, operational aspects that impact total hydrogen output in optimization studies, and important information on the efficiency of the processes. Moreover, life-cycle assessment of MEC technology in comparison to other technologies has been discussed. According to the results, MEC is at technology readiness level (TRL) 5, which means that it is ready for industrial development, and, according to the techno-economics, it may be commercialized soon due to its carbon-neutral qualities.

Void Fraction and Pressure Drop in a Water Electrolysis Cell

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Thorpe ◽  
J. E. Funk ◽  
T. Y. Bong
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Void Fraction ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Frictional Pressure Drop ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Gas Generation Rate ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the void fraction and pressure drop occurring in a forced-convection water electrolysis cell. It was concluded that the slip ratio is essentially unity for water electrolysis cells operating at atmospheric pressure and 80–100 deg F. A frictional pressure-drop multiplier was determined by a data reduction technique that has been used extensively in the boiling heat transfer literature. This multiplier has been correlated and found to be a function of both the void fraction and the gas generation rate.

scholarly journals Microbial electrolysis cells for electromethanogenesis: Materials, configurations and operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 200484-0
Author(s):  
Aditya Amrut Pawar ◽  
Anandakrishnan Karthic ◽  
Sangmin Lee ◽  
Soumya Pandit ◽  
Sokhee P. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Species Formation ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Animal Excreta ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis

Anaerobic digestion is a traditional method of producing methane-containing biogas by utilizing the methanogenic conversion of organic matter like agricultural waste and animal excreta. Recently, the application of microbial electrolysis cell (MECs) technology to a traditional anaerobic digestion system has been extensively studied to find new opportunities in increasing wastewater treatability and methane yield and producing valuable chemicals. The finding that both anodic and cathodic bacteria can synthesize methane has led to the efforts of optimizing multiple aspects like microbial species, formation of biofilms, substrate sources and electrode surface for higher production of the combustible compound. MECs are very fascinating because of its ability to uptake a wide variety of raw materials including untreated wastewater (and its microbial content as biocatalysts). Extensive work in this field has established different systems of MECs for hydrogen production and biodegradation of organic compounds. This review is dedicated to explaining the operating principles and mechanism of the MECs for electromethanogenesis using different biochemical pathways. Emphasis on single- and double-chambered MECs along with reactor components is provided for a comprehensive description of the technology. Methane production using hydrogen evolution reaction and nanocatalysts has also been discussed.

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