scholarly journals Uso y manejo de Ibervillea millspaughii (Cogn.) C. Jeffrey, Melothria pendula L. y otras especies silvestres de la familia Cucurbitacea: Posibles procesos de domesticación incipiente

2017 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Rafael Lira ◽  
Alejandro Casas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Domestication ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Muscular Pain ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Information on use and management of wild species of Cucurbitaceae is presented, in order to analyze processes of incipient plant domestication. Ibervillea millspaughii is a perennial plant species with massive roots, distributed from Tamaulipas to Belize. Roots of this species are utilized as medicine in the treatment of arthritis, inflammations and muscular pain. Roots are commonly collected from individuals in wild populations, but, in some villages of Quinatana Roo people tolerate and enhance individuals of this plant species in anthropogenic areas; also, people cultivate this plant species in home gardens. Melothria pendula is distributed from the United States to Argentina. Fruits and young stems and leaves of this species are consumed as food and used in traditional medicine. These products are generally gathered from wild or weedy populations, but in La Montaña de Guerrero region, the tolerance of this species and the intentional dispersion of its seeds in anthropogenic areas are also common, in order to increase its availability. Use and propagation of this plant species may involve selection by people who distinguish between "bitter" and "sweet" variants, preferring the "sweet" ones. Sicyos parviflorus, Cyclanthera dissecta, C. langaei and C. ribiflora are consumed as greens by people in different regions of Mexico, who gather them from wild or weedy populations, although individual plants of these species are also tolerated in anthropogenic areas. The different forms of management identified in the species mentioned are possibly causing processes of domestication, but such processes are yet to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Alternanthera mosaic virus Found in Scutellaria, Crossandra, and Portulaca spp. in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Baker ◽  
L. Breman ◽  
L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Indicator Plants ◽  
Partial Identity ◽  
Pcr Products

In the fall of 1998, the Division of Plant Industry (DPI) received vegetative propagations of Scutellaria longifolia (skullcap) with symptoms of foliar mosaic, chlorotic/necrotic ringspots, and wavy line patterns from a nursery in Manatee County. Flexuous particles approximately 500 nm long were found with electron microscopy. The plants tested positive for Papaya mosaic virus (PaMV) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test with antiserum to PaMV (Agdia, Elkhart, IN). However, in immunodiffusion tests (antiserum from D. Purcifull, University of Florida), this virus gave a reaction of partial identity indicating it was related but not identical to PaMV (1). The original infected plants were kept in a greenhouse. In January 2005, a specimen of Crossandra infundibuliformis (firecracker plant) with mosaic symptoms was submitted to the DPI from a nursery in Alachua County. Inclusions found with light microscopy and particles found with electron microscopy indicated that this plant was infected with a potexvirus. This was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers designed to detect members of the virus family Potexviridae (3). These plants reacted positive to PaMV antiserum in ELISA and gave a reaction of partial identity to PaMV in immunodiffusion. A specimen of Portulaca grandiflora (moss rose) with distorted leaves found at a local retail store was also tested and gave the same results. Leaves from each of the three plant species were rubbed onto a set of indicator plants using Carborundum and potassium phosphate buffer. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic indicator plants of Nicotiana benthamiana. RT-PCR (3) was performed, and PCR products were sequenced directly. Sequences of approximately 700 bp were obtained for all three plant species and showed 98% identity with each other. BLAST search results showed that these sequences were 93% identical to an Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) sequence at the nucleotide level but only 76% identical to PaMV. The amino acid sequences were 98 and 82% identical to AltMV and PaMV, respectively. The PCR products of the virus from Scutellaria sp. were cloned, resequenced, and the sequence was entered into the GenBank (Accession No. DQ393785). The bioassay results matched those found for AltMV in Australia (2) and the northeastern United States (4), except that the Florida viruses infected Datura stramonium and Digitalis purpurea (foxglove). The virus associated with the symptoms of these three plants appears to be AltMV and not PaMV. AltMV has been found in ornamental plants in Australia, Italy, and the United States (Pennsylvania, Maryland, and now Florida). Since this virus is known to infect several plants asymptomatically and can be easily confused with PaMV serologically, it is likely that the distribution of this virus is much wider than is known at this time. References: (1) L. L. Breman. Plant Pathology Circular No. 396. Fla. Dept. Agric. Consum. Serv. DPI, 1999. (2) A. D. W. Geering and J. E. Thomas. Arch Virol 144:577, 1999. (3) A. Gibbs et al. J Virol Methods 74:67, 1998. (4) J. Hammond et al. Arch Virol. 151:477, 2006.

NEW RECORDS OF PLANT SPECIES USED BY ADULT MONARCH BUTTERFLIES DANAUS PLEXIPPUS L. (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE: DANAINAE) DURING MIGRATION IN MEXICO

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Rivera García ◽  
Miguel E. Equihua Zamora
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Cosmopolitan Species

Danausplexippus L. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is a cosmopolitan species, distributed in America wherever milkweed grows (Amett 1985). Its migratory phenomenon spans Canada, the United States, and Mexico and it has been considered endangered since the 1980s (IUCN 1983).Ackery and Van-Wright (1984) compiled 45 species of food plants used by immature stages and 70 species of plants attractive to adults of the Monarch butterfly. Malcolm and Brower (1986) listed 28 host plant species recorded in nature. Lynch and Martin (1993) added six Asclepias species and observed larvae on three species of milkweed vine, Sarcostemma crispum and S. cynancroides in Texas, and Cynanchum laeve in Louisiana.

scholarly journals Twobandad Japanese Weevil, Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus Roelofs (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

EDIS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamba Gyeltshen ◽  
Amanda Hodges
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Washington County ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Important Pest

The twobanded Japanese weevil, Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus (Roelofs), first collected in the United States in 1914 near Philadelphia, was most likely introduced with infested nursery stock from Japan (Wheeler and Boyd 2005). With a host range of over 100 plant species, the twobanded Japanese weevil is recognized in the northeastern and midwestern United States as an important pest of landscape plantings (Wheeler and Boyd 2005). Although not a pest of major concern yet in the southeastern states, it is likely to extend its range due to movement of nursery stock. In July 2005, two specimens of the twobanded Japanese weevil were collected at Chipley, Florida, which is in Washington county (Thomas 2005). This document is EENY-361 (IN646), one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date December 2005. EENY361/IN646: Twobanded Japanese Weevil, Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus Roelofs (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (ufl.edu)

Comparative Susceptibility of Plants Native to the Appalachian Range of the United States to Inoculation with Phytophthora ramorum

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Linderman ◽  
Patricia B. de Sá ◽  
E. Anne Davis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Comparative Susceptibility ◽  
Climatic Characteristics ◽  
Inoculum Type

Phytophthora ramorum, cause of sudden oak death of trees or ramorum blight of other plant species, has an ever-increasing host range. Some geographic regions are considered to be at high risk of becoming infested with the pathogen, possibly causing plant mortality such as seen in native habitats of California and Oregon. One such region is the Appalachian range of the eastern United States, where known susceptible plants occur and climatic characteristics appear favorable for infections by this pathogen. We collected foliage of a range of plant species native to Appalachia in Kentucky during two summer seasons, and the foliage was shipped to Oregon for inoculation with P. ramorum to determine relative susceptibility. Leaves were needle-wounded and inoculated with either mycelium agar plugs or sporangia of a North American (A2 mating type) or European (A1 mating type) isolate. After 14 days incubation at 20°C in moist boxes, lesions caused by either inoculum type or isolate generally were comparable using digital photos and ASSESS software. Some genera, species, and cultivars within species were highly susceptible, while others were moderately susceptible or not susceptible. These results provide a basis for regional surveyors to select target hosts and to generate survey and management practices for nursery and forest areas. Accepted for publication 24 April 2007. Published 17 September 2007.

PLANT SPECIES INVASIONS ALONG THE LATITUDINAL GRADIENT IN THE UNITED STATES: COMMENT

Ecology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 3209-3213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Fridley ◽  
Hong Qian ◽  
Peter S. White ◽  
Michael W. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
The United States ◽  
Species Invasions

scholarly journals Volutella leaf blight and stem canker on Japanese pachysandra in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Šafránková
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
The United States ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Serious Disease

Woody ornamental cover plants of Japanese pachysandra (<i>P. terminalis</i> S. et Z.) are planted in parks and gardens in the Czech Republic. A serious disease of these plants is Volutella leaf blight and stem canker caused by the fungus <i>Pseudonectria pachysandricola</i> (anamorph <i>Volutella pachysandricola</i>). It was described by DODGE (1944) in the United States and appeared in Europe in the 1980s. Volutella pachysandricola was isolated from Japanese pachysandra (<i>P. terminalis</i> cvs. Green Carpet and Variegata) from leaf spots and stem and stolon cankers in Brno in 2000&minus;2003. The tan or brown spots with brown margins, often with concentric zones, develop on infected leaves. Stem and stolon cankers appear as water-soaked diseased areas, the stem often turns brown, shrivels and girdles. The infection often begins in damaged or senescent plant parts and spreads into the healthy tissues. Pink-orange sporodochia with spores form on newly killed stems and leaves during humid spring and summer periods. Ascospores develop in red-orange perithecia on the same tissues.

scholarly journals PLANT SPECIES INVASIONS ALONG THE LATITUDINAL GRADIENT IN THE UNITED STATES

Ecology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 2298-2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Stohlgren ◽  
David Barnett ◽  
Curtis Flather ◽  
John Kartesz ◽  
Bruce Peterjohn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
The United States ◽  
Species Invasions

scholarly journals India-United States Dialogue on Traditional Medicine: Toward Collaborative Research and Generation of an Evidence Base

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. White ◽  
Barry R. O’Keefe ◽  
Jitendra Sharma ◽  
Ghazala Javed ◽  
Vid Nukala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Global Affairs

Therapies originating from traditional medical systems are widely used by patients in both India and the United States. The first India-US Workshop on Traditional Medicine was held in New Delhi, India, on March 3 and 4, 2016, as a collaboration between the Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) of the Government of India, the US National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, and the Office of Global Affairs, US Department of Health and Human Services. It was attended by Indian and US policymakers, scientists, academics, and medical practitioners from various disciplines. The workshop provided an opportunity to open a dialogue between AYUSH and NCI to identify promising research results and potential topics for Indo-US collaboration. Recommendations that emerged from the workshop underlined the importance of applying rational and scientific approaches for drug development; standardizing traditional medicine products and procedures to ensure reliability and reproducibility; promotion of collaboration between Indian traditional medicine practitioners and researchers and US researchers; greater integration of evidence-based traditional medicine practices with mainstream medical practices in India; and development of training programs between AYUSH and NCI to facilitate crosstraining. Several positive developments took place after the thought-provoking deliberations.

SWEETPOTATO WHITEFLY BEMISIA TABACI (GENNADIUS) (HOMOPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE), A POTENTIAL INSECT PEST IN CANADA

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (11) ◽  
pp. 1027-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Broadbent ◽  
R.G. Foottit ◽  
G.D. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Sweetpotato Whitefly

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), was accidentally imported into Canada on poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd., cuttings from the United States in 1987 and in 1988. The biology and population dynamics of B. tabaci were reviewed by Butler et al. (1986). It is a worldwide pest of more than 500 plant species in 74 families. Prior to 1986, there was only one report of this insect as a greenhouse pest, on vegetables in Turkey (Lopez-Avila and Cock 1986). Bemisia tabaci was first reported on poinsettia in Florida greenhouses in November 1986 (Price et al. 1987). In 1987, this insect was reported as a pest on field tomatoes in Florida (Schuster and Price 1987).

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