scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN KONSENTRAT DESALINASI NUKLIR DENGAN KONSEP ZERO DISCHARGE DESALINATION UNTUK PULAU BANGKA

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Erlan Dewita ◽  
Siti Alimah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Zero Discharge ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
By Products

ABSTRAK PENGOLAHAN KONSENTRAT DESALINASI NUKLIR DENGAN KONSEP ZERO DISCHARGE DESALINATION UNTUK PULAU BANGKA. Desalinasi nuklir merupakan proses untuk memisahkan garam terlarut dalam air laut dengan memanfaatkan panas nuklir. Konsentrat desalinasi merupakan salah satu masalah dalam desalinasi. Aliran konsentrat desalinasi yang dibuang langsung ke air laut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air pantai dan memberikan dampak negatif pada biota yang berada di sekitar lokasi keluaran. Konsep ZDD (Zero Discharge Desalination) dapat diaplikasikan untuk meminimalkan dampak lingkungan. ZDD adalah konsep pengolahan limbah desalinasi menjadi garam dan produk kimia yang mempunyai nilai komersial. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh data awal pra-rancangan instalasi pengolahan konsentrat desalinasi di pulau Bangka. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur dan perhitungan dengan program excel. Hasil studi memperlihatkan bahwa produk utama adalah NaCl (garam farmasi) dan produk samping berupa cake BaSO4, Mg(OH)2, BaCO3. Kata Kunci: desalinasi, nuklir, konsentrat, ZDD, BaSO4, Mg(OH)2, BaCO3 , NaCl ABSTRACT DESIGN OF NUCLEAR DESALINATION CONCENTRATE PLANT BY USING ZERO DISCHARGE DESALINATION CONCEPT FOR BANGKA ISLAND. Nuclear desalination is a process to separate salt of seawater by using nuclear energy. Desalination concentrate is a problem in nuclear desalination. Desalination concentrate is sometimes discharged directly into the seawater, therefore it can affects the water quality of beach and rise negative effects on the biota in the vicinity of the output. ZDD (Zero Discharge Desalination) concept can be applied to minimized environment impact. This study is conducted by using PWR type NPP as nuclear heat source and using ZDD concept to process desalination waste. ZDD is a concept for processing of desalination concentrate into salt and chemical products which have economic values. Objectives of this study is to design nuclear desalination concentrate processing plant in Bangka Island. The methodology is literature assessment and calculation with excel programme. The results of this study shows that the main the products are NaCl (pharmaceutical salt) and cakes BaSO4, Mg(OH)2,BaCO3 as by products. Keywords: desalination, nuclear, concentrate, ZDD, BaSO4, Mg(OH)2, BaCO3, NaCl 

scholarly journals Impact of filamentous cyanobacteria on the water quality of two tropical reservoirs

RBRH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Ubirajara Gonçalves Barros ◽  
Ismael Keslley Carloto Lopes ◽  
Stella Maris de Castro Carvalho ◽  
José Capelo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacteria ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Flushing Rates ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

ABSTRACT Artificial lakes play an important role in water availability in tropical semi-arid Northeastern Brazil. However, in addition to the negative effects that dams have on the water quality of rivers, other practices such as discharge of untreated wastewater, intensive crop fertilization and fish farming have been contributing to water quality deterioration. Climate change may be another driver of water quality decrease. Increases in precipitation and drought intensities as well as temperature increase may redefine the dynamics of planktonic communities and favour species more adapted to the new environment. Water samples were collected in two reservoirs selected based on the recurrence of positive results for saxitoxins, Acarape do Meio (AM) and Sitios Novos (SN). In general, diversity in SN (1.08) was higher than in the AM (0.60). Phytoplankton dynamics in these reservoirs differ from other reservoirs in the same region of Brazil, in the sense that filamentous cyanobacteria are dominant. Furthermore, lower diversity, concentration and richness of chlorophyceae and bacillariophyceae were found in both reservoirs. Increase in diversity was observed during the intense rainy season of 2011, suggesting a slight improvement of water quality. A close inverse correlation between Cylindrospermopsis sp and other cyanobacteria was found in SN (R2= –0.862) and in AM (R2= –0.997) and the data collected demonstrates that a season with intensive rainfall may lead to lower cyanobacteria concentrations probably due to water dilution and higher flushing rates.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DREDGING ON DOWNSTREAM WATER QUALITY: EKOLE CREEK, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Opololaoluwa Oladimarum Ogunlowo ◽  
Churchill Ebinimitei Simon
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolve Solid ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Downstream User

Water is essential part of ecosystem, so its quality must be ascertained for use especially in Ekole creek of Nigeria where dredging activities is heavy, hence this study examined the dredging effect on the downstream water quality of Ekole creek. Water samples were collected from four points which are; Upstream, Dredge I, Dredge II, and Downstream points. The parameters of the water quality determined showed that Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were higher at the Downstream point with values of 31 NTU and 1664 mg/l respectively; pH was also slightly acidic (6.61); but low in Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), Electrical Conductivity,  Nitrate (NO3) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), as compare to the Upstream. The values of the  heavy metals like Pb (3.845 mg/l), Cr (0.612 mg/l) Ni (0.104 mg/l) and Cu (0.128 mg/l),  at Downstream point, were above Pb (3.0605 mg/l), Cr (0.0 mg/l), Ni (0.017 mg/l) and Cu (0.102 mg/l) of  the Upstream point,before the Dredging points I and II, that have  correlative matrix of(Pb>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr) and  Pb>Fe>Cr>Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni Downstream point. Is discovered the Downstream water is slightly acidic, high in Turbidity and TSS, but low in TDS, EC, NO3 and DO, as against the WHO drinking-water quality, due the effect of dredging on the water quality of the Ekole Creek. It is inferred that the dredging activities have negative effects on the water quality, which can be hazardous to the health of downstream user, and distort the ecosystem; therefore the commercial dredging activities should be checked in Ekole creek.

scholarly journals Effect of Landscape Use on Water Quality of the Žitava River

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Viera Petlušová ◽  
Peter Petluš ◽  
Martin Zemko ◽  
Ľubomír Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Landscape Use ◽  
Average Water

AbstractIntensification of landscape use brings along the negative effects on environmental components. These include surface water pollution. The aim was to determine the effect of landscape use on the water quality of the Žitava river. It was assumed that an area with the high proportion of anthropogenic activity would negatively affect water quality. At the same time, we assumed that an area with the lower proportion of anthropogenic use and with the higher proportion of natural and semi-natural elements contributes to self-cleaning ability of the watercourse. At the four observed sites, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) and water conductivity were monitored. Landscape use was analysed using the database of land cover based on the CORINE Land Cover methodology. Subsequently, it was observed how the landscape use affects the water quality. It was found that the very good state, represented by the Class I water quality, is according to the measured indicators mostly present in the areas predominantly covered by forests along with extensive use of elements of the agricultural land. The area with predominance of agricultural and urbanised sites where the anthropogenic influence prevails is characterised by average water quality. As the overall water quality of the Žitava river reaches the average, it is necessary to eliminate the pollution by constructing the sewer systems in the villages through which the watercourse is passing and, in agriculture, to ensure the adherence to the legislation concerning the protection of surface water against pollution from agricultural sources.

Restoration of two shallow, urban lakes using the phosphorus inactivation method – preliminary results

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2127-2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Łopata ◽  
Helena Gawrońska ◽  
Bożena Jaworska ◽  
Grzegorz Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Urban Lakes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus Inactivation ◽  
Two Stages

This paper presents the initial environmental effects of polyaluminum chloride application on the water quality of two connected, shallow urban lakes in the Mazurian Lakeland, Poland. The water quality of Lake Domowe Duże (62 ha, mean depth 2.4 m) and Lake Domowe Małe (11 ha, mean depth 2.8 m) in Szczytno did not improve after sewage discharge cutoff. Thus, local authorities decided to implement a restoration project involving the 3-year application of aluminum coagulant (26 g Al m−2) and manipulation of fish stocking. In 2010 and 2011, the first two stages of the project were conducted. After restoration measures, phosphorus concentration in water, chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll ‘a’ and phytoplankton biomass decreased significantly compared to the control years. No long-term decrease of pH was obtained after aluminum application. Low concentrations of dissolved aluminum in a water column (below 0.2 mg L−1 during technical operations) did not show any negative effects on aquatic fauna.

Can trust become a factor of economic growth? Dynamic changes in the level of trust of Russian youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
A. A. Stavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The article considers the role of trust in the economy, the mechanisms of its accumulation and the possibility of using it as one of the growth factors in the future. The advantages and disadvantages of measuring the level of generalized trust using two alternative questions — about trusting people in general and trusting strangers — are analyzed. The results of the analysis of dynamics of the level of generalized trust among Russian youth, obtained within the study of the Institute for National Projects in 10 regions of Russia, are presented. It is shown that there are no significant changes in trust in people in general during the study at university. At the same time, the level of trust in strangers falls, which can negatively affect the level of trust in the country as a whole, and as a result have negative effects on the development of the economy in the future. Possible causes of the observed trends and the role of universities are discussed. Also the question about the connection between the level of education and generalized trust in countries with different quality of the institutional environment is raised.

DIP quality influenced by process water quality

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
DENNIS VOSS ◽  
HANS-JOACHIM PUTZ ◽  
SAMUEL SCHABEL
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Contamination Levels

The need for deinking mills to reduce their fresh water consumption has resulted in higher loads of various contaminants in the process water. Lower recovered paper quality also leads to higher contamination levels in the mills. This higher load has an influence on achievable target brightness. The objective of the work was to determine and explain the main reasons for relatively poor deinked pulp quality or poor deinking potential based on the influence of recovered paper composition and process water quality. The process water parameters significantly affect the deinking potential of recovered paper. The test results showed the negative effects of increased water hardness. For standard recovered paper mixtures, flotation selectivity is higher with increasing flotation pH-value. Good results were realized for standard recovered paper with low hardness, low surface tension, and high pH-value. The results for recovered paper containing flexo newsprint could be slightly improved with low hardness, low surface tension, and low pH-value. The results of the test program using design of experiments showed interacting effects of pH-value and surface tension on luminosity and flotation selectivity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document