Is There Any Chance for European Nation in Modern Europe?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 207-227
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yudina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Nation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Modern Europe ◽  
Development Of Identity ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
University Of Oslo ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this article is to consider the possibility of emergence of a European nation in modern Europe, the formation of European identity. The EU consists of the EU member states, where national identity is an entrenched concept. The article considers the correlation of national identity and European identity, as well as the possibility of transformation, addition or replacement of one by another. The EU is a new form of political entity, which has supranational, transnational and interstate characteristics, which can contribute to the development of various forms of identities and belonging. The purpose of this article is to consider the politics of recognition as a starting point for research on European national identity. The politics of identity pursued in Europe does not necessarily lead to the victory of national identity over European one. The citizens of these countries have a set of different identities, and the process of European integration facilitates the process of coexistence of different types of identities, and there may even be a competition between these two identities: national and European. The author analyzes the changes taking place in modern European society and the reasons that influence the development of events. These questions relate to the deep feelings and beliefs of the population of these countries, therefore, consideration of these issues must be given close attention. The author suggests analyzing this issue from within, using the research of the Europeans themselves. For analysis, the material of the ARENA Center for European Studies and the works of its leader John Eric Fossum, a professor at the University of Oslo and other researchers on this issue are used. The author explores the scope of the concept of national identity at the present stage, its characteristics and its change. A comparative analysis helps to determine the characteristics of the European identity and prospects for its formation. The article discusses four scenarios, each of which contains a certain structure of institutions and a method of recognizing identity; all this helps to understand the ongoing processes and prospects for the development of identity policy in the EU. All these scenarios to a certain extent characterize the state of affairs in modern Europe.

THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EU MEMBER STATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-638
Author(s):  
Joanna Szwacka Mokrzycka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Structure Of Consumption ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this article is to present the standard of living of households in Poland in comparison with other EU member states. The starting point for analysis was the economic condition of Poland against the background of other EU member states. The next step consisted of assessment of the standard of living of inhabitants of individual EU member states on the basis of financial condition of households and the structure of consumption expenditure. It was found that the differences within the EU in terms of economic development and the standard of living of households still remain substantial.

Lost in uncertainty: How the Euro crisis affected European identity constructions in national media discourses

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (6-8) ◽  
pp. 602-622
Author(s):  
Dennis Lichtenstein ◽  
Christiane Eilders
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Euro Crisis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Identity Constructions ◽  
Weekly Newspapers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
The Eu

The Euro crisis has revealed severe conflicts between EU member states and challenged a shared European identity. This article investigates how the crisis was reflected in identity constructions in media discourses in EU key countries. European identity construction is conceptualized as framing of the EU in favour or against belonging to the EU and togetherness with other members. Conducting a systematic content analysis of two weekly newspapers and magazines in Germany, France and the UK, we compare identity constructions between 2011 and 2014. Findings show that while support of belonging to the EU is low in general, the countries differ remarkably in terms of their sense of togetherness. This particularly applies to strong or weak political integration, market regulation or market freedom and financial stability or impulses for economic growth. The positions reflect long-term political conflicts between the countries but are also flexible enough to adapt to the particular event context.

scholarly journals European but not European enough: An explanation for Brexit

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Carl ◽  
James Dennison ◽  
Geoffrey Evans
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Member State ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Weak Sense ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Measures Of Inequality ◽  
The Eu

To date, most accounts of the UK’s vote to leave the EU have focussed on explaining variation across individuals and constituencies within the UK. In this article, we attempt to answer a different question, namely ‘Why was it the UK that voted to leave, rather than any other member state?’. We show that the UK has long been one of the most Eurosceptic countries in the EU, which we argue can be partly explained by Britons’ comparatively weak sense of European identity. We also show that existing explanations of the UK’s vote to leave cannot account for Britons’ long-standing Euroscepticism: the UK scores lower than many other member states on measures of inequality/austerity, the ‘losers of globalisation’ and authoritarian values, and some of these measures are not even correlated with Euroscepticism across member states. In addition, we show that the positive association between national identity and Euroscepticism is stronger in the UK than in most other EU countries. Overall, we conclude that Britons’ weak sense of European identity was a key contributor to the Brexit vote.

scholarly journals The effect of political trust and trust in European citizens on European identity

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soetkin Verhaegen ◽  
Marc Hooghe ◽  
Ellen Quintelier
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Identity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

In the literature, two approaches toward the development of a European identity can be distinguished. Society-based approaches assume that the most important foundation for the development of a European identity is trust toward other European citizens as this allows Europeans to identify with the European Union as a community of citizens and values. The institutional approach, on the other hand, assumes that a shared European identity is predominantly based on trust in political institutions. In this paper, we use the results of the IntUne Mass Survey 2009 (n=16,613 in 16 EU member states) to test the relationship between social and political trust on the one hand, and European identity on the other. The results suggest that trust in other European citizens is positively associated with European identity, but trust in the European political institutions has a stronger relation with European identity. This could imply that efforts to strengthen European identity cannot just rely on a bottom-up approach, but should also pay attention to the effectiveness and the visibility of the EU institutions and the way they are being perceived by European citizens.

ON THE POST-SOCIALIST PATH OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-289
Author(s):  
Anna Dyrina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Federal States ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the current state of affairs in Belarus and Serbia - two countries that previously were parts of the socialist federal states, but currently belong to the regions of Eastern Europe and the Balkans/South-Eastern Europe, respectively. The first part of the article is devoted to Belarusian-Serbian relations. Political cooperation is developing at the presidential, governmental and parliamentary levels, and interaction is also carried out at the level of various departments, regions and cities. For Serbia, the support from Belarus on the international scene is important, in particular, in the issue of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Serbia. The second part of the article is devoted to Serbia’s relations with the EU and the countries of the Adriatic Euroregion. On December 22, 2009 Serbia applied for EU membership. Despite the significant progress in the negotiations, Serbia has not yet become one of the EU member states. The third part of the article analyzes relations between Belarus and its neighbors, as well as cooperation with the EU. The European Union is the second most important market for Belarusian exports (after Russia). The main trading partners of Belarus among European countries, based on the indicators of bilateral trade in 2019, are Germany, Poland, Great Britain, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Italy, Turkey, Latvia, France, Belgium, and the Czech Republic. The article concludes on the state and prospects of Belarusian-Serbian relations, cooperation of Belarus and Serbia with the EU and neighboring countries, and gives a description of the political systems and foreign policy of Belarus and Serbia.

scholarly journals European Identity and Turkey’s Quest for the EU Membership

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Engin I. Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Constitutional Treaty ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Single European Act ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Important Milestone

In the post-Single European Act period, debates around European identity have intensified, particularly in the context of EU enlargement. The EU’s move to being a supranational political entity in the past two decades has caused serious concerns in some sections of the elite and people across the EU member states. While French and Dutch rejections of the constitutional treaty set an important milestone, Turkey’s quest for the EU membership has complicated to a great extent controversies on European identity. The reviewed books here contribute to efforts to understand the extent to which European identity and Turkey’s bid for the EU membership has entangled. It is more likely to witness debates around both European identity and Turkey’s candidacy for the Union for many years to come; therefore, these books will more likely remain relevant for the academic and policy circles.

THE VOICES OF YOUTH ON EUROPEAN IDENTITY, MEMBERSHIP AND VALUES FROM AN ASPIRING COUNTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Nikolina Kenig ◽  
Ognen Spasovski
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Societal Context ◽  
European Values ◽  
The Eu

This research is trying to explore the perceptions and beliefs of young ethnic Macedoniansregarding the EU, European and ethnic/national identity situated in an ambivalent societal context– an exposure to pro-European educational goals, together with the recently emerging reluctancetowards joining the Union.72 students with different study backgrounds at the age between 19 and 22 participated inthe study. In 10 focus groups, formed on the basis of homogeneity of the field of study, they werediscussing their views on the EU concept and their reflections on the congruities and incongruitiesbetween their national identity and the EU identity.Results show that respondents tend to idealize the concept of EU and are willing to acceptEuropean citizenship. On the other hand, some are skeptical and question the possibilityof developing European identity and citizenship because they perceive a serious gap betweenthe European values and the values that are dominant in the current public and political discourse.

scholarly journals Bulgarian Vector for North Macedonia Foreign Policy: the Problem of Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
P. A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Economic Implication ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Union Enlargement ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the role of the identity factor in the Bulgarian-Macedonian relations. The main controversial issues acute in the period 1991–2021 are the question of the independence of the Macedonian language and the question of the “starting point” of Macedonian history. The foreign policy of the Macedonian republic is investigated in the context of Balkan states` striving for Euro- Atlantic integration. An important part of the study is analyzing the problems of the European Union enlargement to the south-east.As a result of the research, the author comes to several conclusions: Sofia’s opposition to Skopje’s accession to the EU has a solid economic implication; relations with the Bulgarian state have always been of key importance for the Macedonian republic, regardless of plans to join NATO and the EU, since touched upon the key issues of self-determination of the Macedonian people; the rhetoric of the Bulgarian side has a certain tendency to revise the role of Bulgaria in the Second World War, which is categorically unacceptable for the EU member states seeking to withdraw the historical agenda from the negotiation process on the Republic of North Macedonia’s accession to the European Union.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Production and Consumption of Alcohol and its Taxation in the EU Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
Petr David ◽  
Lucie Formanová ◽  
Adam Lisický ◽  
Kristýna Torkošová ◽  
Michaela Vetráková
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Excise Duties ◽  
The Eu

The taxation of alcoholic beverages in the EU member states varies despite the harmonization efforts. This situation has been caused by the relatively liberal tendencies in tax policies concerning the determination of excise duties on alcohol and alcoholic products. The main goal of the present research is to identify the relationship between the taxation of spirits, beer and wine on the one hand, and the production and consumption on the other hand. This dependence is examined through the correlation analysis of the degree of taxation and production/consumption. The highest values of negative correlation have been identified between the taxation and consumption/production of wine. The correlation suggests that tax aspects influence both the production and the consumption of wine. Lower values of correlation coefficients between the production/consumption and taxation of beer and spirits show that these taxes represent stable and well predictable revenues of the EU member states' budgets. The obtained results support the significance of fiscal function of these taxes. Thus, there is a contradiction between the main function of excise duties and the real state of affairs in the area of taxes on the consumption of alcohol and alcoholic beverages. These are facts to be considered in the future efforts to harmonize excise duties.

scholarly journals Application of DEA for Evaluating the Efficiency of Economic Policy as Exemplified by EU Agriculture

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucyna Błażejczyk-Majka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The article presents how DEA is used to develop agricultural production efficiency rankings in the EU member states, which can be used as the starting point for evaluating the performance of currently used instruments of economic policy. In the article, statistical data from the FADN were used. Agricultural production was compared for three types of output and four types of input involved. The performed study demonstrated that in 18 out of 28 states, agricultural production had been run efficiently on a macro level. The applied approach also allowed for identifying the causes of inefficiency in the remaining ten states, providing indications for recommended changes in in the way economic instruments are used.

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