scholarly journals Evaluation of DNA polymorphism among cultivated and wild grapevine accessions from Azerbaijan

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Salayeva ◽  
E. Akhundova ◽  
A. Mammadov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Wild Grape ◽  
Wild Grapevine

To estimate genetic relationships among 31 cultivated and 34 wild grape accessions originating from regions near the Caspian Sea in the Azerbaijan Republic, RAPD analysis was performed with 27 decamer primers selected from a total of 55 primers. The most discriminating primers were OPC-16, OPF-18 and OPA-17, which showed the highest values of genetic diversity (0.927, 0.914 and 0.909, respectively). The lowest values of diversity pertained to the markers OPA-1 (0.615) and V-20 (0.624). The cluster analysis representing genetic similarity among all selected samples divided the genotypes into nine separate groups at similarity index 0.508. Within the studied Azerbaijan grape populations the highest genetic diversity belonged to the population of cultivated samples originating from the Absheron peninsula, with a diversity index 0.852 and the next ranks were assigned to the wild populations originating from Nabran and Guba regions, with a diversity index 0.824 and 0.793, respectively. The lowest diversity was observed within Davachi individuals, with a diversity index 0.765. The wild population from Azerbaijan was molecularly similar to the cultivated gene pool from this area. This result supported the hypothesis that the southwest of the Caspian Sea is a region where grape was brought into culture. During the analysis a special band was observed which could be used in identifying wild and cultivated grape accessions with high or low resveratrol content. The results of this work clearly indicated that the RAPD analysis can be used to estimate genotypic similarities, genetic diversity and for clustering cultivated and wild grape accessions.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in table grapes based on RAPD and microsatellite markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão ◽  
Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Pair Group

The objective of this work was to analyze the genetic diversity of 47 table grape accessions, from the grapevine germplasm bank of Embrapa Semiárido, using 20 RAPD and seven microsatellite markers. Genetic distances between pairs of accessions were obtained based on Jaccard's similarity index for RAPD data and on the arithmetic complement of the weighted index for microsatellite data. The groups were formed according to the Tocher's cluster analysis and to the unweighted pair‑group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The microsatellite markers were more efficient than the RAPD ones in the identification of genetic relationships. Information on the genetic distance, based on molecular characteristics and coupled with the cultivar agronomic performance, allowed for the recommendation of parents for crossings, in order to obtain superior hybrids in segregating populations for the table grape breeding program of Embrapa Semiárido.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cultivated Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Genotypes Using Rapd Primers

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saida Sharifova ◽  
Sabina Mehdiyeva ◽  
Konstantinos Theodorikas ◽  
Konstantinos Roubos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Abstract Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was carried out on 19 Azerbaijan tomato genotypes, both cultivars and local populations. A total of 26 amplified products were revealed by 6 primers. The genetic similarity among evaluated genotypes ranged from 0.188 to 1.000. The lowest similarity was observed between cultivars ‘Azerbaijan’ and ‘Shakar’ (0.188), while the highest between ‘Elnur’ and ‘Garatag’ (1.000). The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient divided genotypes into four main groups. The first group was the largest and consisted of 12 genotypes, while the fourth group was the smallest consisted of 1 genotype only. The most polymorphic primer was OPB-18 that presented a genetic diversity index of 0.823, while the least informative was primer OPG-17 with an index of 0.349. The average genetic diversity calculated from RAPD data was 0.665.

Evaluation of genetic diversity of Rubus hyrcanus using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and morphological markers

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sedighi ◽  
Mehdi Rahimmalek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractRubus hyrcanus is considered as an important wild blackberry species scattered around the Caspian Sea. In this research, ISSR and morphological markers were used to assess genetic diversity in several populations of R. hyrcanus from various geographical regions of Caspian Sea in Iran. Twenty-five populations of R. hyrcanus from three regions (North- Western (NW), North- Eastern (NE) and Central (C)) and one population from R. discolor were applied in this research. Ten primers were used to amplify bands out of which 157 (77.13%) were polymorphic. Cluster and Principle coordinate analyses (PCoA) showed the higher similarity of NE and NW populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the differences among three collection regions only accounted for 28.09% of the total variation, whereas differences among populations within groups were 66.03%. Analyses among three regions showed that the minimum gene diversity over loci was observed in NW (0.16) and NE (0.17), while the highest one was found in C (0.238) region. Furthermore, narrow genetic base and relatively high genetic differentiation obtained for studied R. hyrcanus genotypes. The results of morphological analysis in most cases corresponded to those obtained through molecular analyses.

Microsatellites reveal weak genetic differentiation between Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii, 1901) populations south of the Caspian Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
Bahare Shabanpour ◽  
Ali Shabani ◽  
Hadis Kashiri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Artificial Breeding ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
Rutilus Frisii Kutum

Abstract Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii, 1901) is one of the most important bony fish inhabiting the Caspian Sea. The Iranian Fisheries Organization produced up to 200 million fry to restock the Caspian Sea population annually. Loss of genetic stocks and gradual depletion of the gene pool are parameters of great concern for the future of the species. In the present study, we used ten microsatellite markers to estimate the level of genetic diversity and compare the degree of genetic differentiation among kutum populations collected from Gharesou, Tajan and Goharbaran rivers in the south of Caspian Sea. The average number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 12.33, while the average observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.22 to 1.00 and from 0.69 to 0.88, respectively. Through AMOVA, a low level of variation between regions as well as a large percentage of total variation within population was observed. Current knowledge about artificial breeding suggests that offspring transfer between rivers has probably reduced the natural divergence naturally exists between these pools. These results could be useful for the genetic management of kutum populations.

scholarly journals Application of wheat SSR markers for detection of genetic diversity in triticale (x Triticosecale witt. )

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-992
Author(s):  
Zelmíra Balázová ◽  
Andrej Trebichalský ◽  
Zdenka Gálová ◽  
Radomíra Hornyák-Gregáňová
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Ssr Marker ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ssrs Markers

Present study aims to testify usefulness of particular wheat SSR markers for the detection of genetic diversity degree in the set of 59 triticale cultivars and new lines coming from different European countries and USA. For this purpose, a set of fifteen SSR markers were used. One SSR marker (Xwmc429) gave a uniform spectrum. The set of fourteen polymorphic markers provided 94 alleles with an average frequency of 6.71 alleles per locus. The number of alleles ranged between 2 (Xbarc 195) and 10 (Xbarc 137). Resulting from the number and frequency of alleles, diversity index (DI), polymorphic information content (PIC) and probabilities of identity (PI) were calculated. An average value of PIC for 14 markers was 0.640, the highest value was calculated for wheat SSR marker Xgwm 46 (0.809). Based on UPGMA algorithm, a dendrogram was constructed. It was able to separate 57 of 59 cultivars (96,6 %) from each other. American new-line NE-422T significantly separated from all cultivars and new lines. Only two french cultivars Bienvenu and Wilfried had not been separated from each other. A tested set of SSR markers allowed to better understand genetic relationships among European cultivars and American new lines. In general, a dendrogram along with results of calculated genetic indicators such as PIC, PI and DI point out at SSRs markers as high informative and usefull tool in genetic diversity research between close-related species.

scholarly journals Molecular Fingerprinting for Detecting Genetic Relationships among different Accessions of Pterocarpus marsupium

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 820-830
Author(s):  
Anees Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Central India ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Molecular Fingerprinting ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Pterocarpus Marsupium ◽  
Rapd And Issr

Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. is a valuable multipurpose forest tree in India. Generally, it is valued greatly for its excellent wood qualities. Due to its significant multipurpose properties, this tree has been overexploited, which ultimately has led to its inclusion in the list of threatened species. In this regard, studying the genetic diversity in P. marsupium is not only significant for the protection of this species, but also necessary for the development and utilization of germplasm resources for its improvement. Before developing any tree improvement program, information on actual genetic diversity and the cryptic number of the differentiated genetic resource are important aids for its conservation and effective utilization. Thus, in the present study, analysis of phylogenetic relationship among P. marsupium species plays an important role in the identification and selection of elite genotype among the wildly distributed accessions. The phylogenetic relationship among 18 genotypes obtained from various forest regions of central India was studied using DNA based molecular markers. In RAPD analysis, out of 40 scorable amplified bands, 29 were polymorphic resulting in expression of polymorphism percentage (73.2%) with an average of 2.90 amplicons per primer. Based on RAPD analysis, the lowest (37%) similarities among accessions were recorded in Anuppur (MAA), Mandla (MMK) and Jabalpur (MJH) and the highest similarity (100%) were observed among Mandla (MMK), Jablapur (MJH); Jashpur (CJM), Surguja (CSA), Bilaspur (CBP) and Durg (CDB) and Raigarh (CRK) accessions. While the ISSR analysis found 66 amplified bands, 45 were polymorphous and average 68.3 percent polymorphic with an average 4.5 bands per oligo. The lowest (36%) similarity was observed among Anuppur (MAA) and Jabalpur (MJH) accessions and the highest similarity (88%) was recorded among Jashpur (CJM), Chhindwara (MCD) and Bilaspur (CBP) accessions. The combined analysis data of RAPD and ISSR showed that Chandrapur (RCC) and Anuppur's (MAA) acessions had the lowest (35%) similarity, with Jabalpur's (MJHs) and Mandla's (MMKs) accession being the highest similarities (100%) reported. As a result, the study of genetic diversity by means of RAPD and ISSR markers alone or in combination, i.e. the MAA, CKB and CRK accessions, was found to be more diverse among 18 accessions of Central India and given greater space for the collection of elite/superior trees to be used in conservation and forest development programs. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

The genetic diversity of the genus Mus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the eastern part of the North Caucasus

BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimat Tembotova ◽  
Ekaterina Kuchinova ◽  
Albina Amshokova ◽  
Ekaretina Kononenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Nucleotide Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background There are two species of Mus in the Caucasus: M. musculus and M. macedonicus. M. musculus is widespread in the Caucasus, where the species is found everywhere from the Black to the Caspian Sea. M. macedonicus is ubiquitous Transcaucasia. The most north-astern border of its distribution in the Caucasus, according to the literature, is located in the Derbent region, near the border between Dagestan and Azerbaijan. Results Cytochrome b mt-DNA of genus Mus research in this study in the Eastern Caucasus. About 70% of M. musculus haplotypes from the lowlands of Dagestan were recorded for the first time. One of these haplotypes accounts for approximately 25% of the total species diversity of haplotypes. M. macedonicus was found in only one locality, the Sarykum barchans, where this species prevails in number and accounts for 70% of the total number mice of the genus Mus. The species is characterized by low values of genetic diversity and nucleotide variability, which may indicate that the population originated from a small number of founders and may explain its relative isolation from the main range. The dating of the appearance of the ancestors of M. musculus in the east of the Russian Caucasus corresponds to 99-66 thousand years ago (at a mutation rate of 3-10% per million years). Conclusion The results obtained suggest that the history of the appearance of M. musculus in the Eastern Caucasus is more ancient and is not associated with human agricultural activities. We believe that possibly the ancestral range of M. musculus covered the eastern and western coasts of the Caspian Sea in the territory of southern Dagestan, Azerbaijan, and Iran. In this paper M. macedonicus, a Balkan-Asia Minor species, was registered for the first time in the North Caucasus. This species was registered in the center of Dagestan, where it inhabits sympatrically (on the territory) and syntopically (on the same biotope) with M. musculus. The low values of genetic diversity of M. macedonicus in the North Caucasus suggest that the population originated from a small group of founders.

Genetic Relationship in Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Landraces Cultivated East Anatolia by using RAPD and ISSR Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Macit Ertuş
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Issr Primers

Background: Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) is a forage crop that yields high in arid and calcareous soils and is cultivated in large areas. There aren’t many genetic diversity studies on the varieties of cultured sainfoin. This study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity and the degree of relationship between 23 cultivated landraces and one registered variety. Methods: To take samples from the populations, seeds were sown in the field in 2014. Samples were taken from the young leaves of the plants and preserved at -80oC in same year. RAPD and ISSR primers were used in the study. The bands obtained as a result of PCR were recorded and the data of both methods were also evaluated by combining them. Result: In the study, 5 RAPD and 4 ISSR primers were used and a total of 49 bands were obtained. Of 29 bands obtained using RAPD primers, 20 were found to be polymorphic and of 20 bands obtained using ISSR primers, 15 were found to be polymorphic. It was found that there was a very low correlation between the two methods. Using RAPD and ISSR markers and RAPD + ISSR combination, the similarity index among populations was found to be between 0.25-0.95, 0.5-1.00 and 0.45-0.91, respectively. The Nei’s genetic diversity index was found to be between 0.3365, 0.2656 and 0.3018 with RAPD, ISSR primers and RAPD + ISSR combination, respectively. Based on the dendrograms obtained using RAPD, ISSR primers and RAPD + ISSR combination, the populations under analysis were classified into 3, 3 and 5 groups, respectively. With this study, the closest populations were identified and a significantly high genetic diversity was detected.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) by using RAPD markers

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Filipi Rodrigues Guimarães ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Márcia Regina Costa ◽  
Glaucia Bethania Rocha Moreira ◽  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Molecular Grouping

Genetic diversity in a collection of 64 sugar apple accessions collected from different municipalities in northern Minas Gerais was assessed by RAPD analysis. Using 20 selected RAPD primers 167 fragments were generated, of which 48 were polymorphic (28.7%) producing an average of 2.4 polymorphic fragments per primer. Low percentage of polymorphism (< 29%) was observed by using the set of primers indicating low level of genetic variation among the 64 accessions evaluated. Genetic relationships were estimated using Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. Accessions from different municipalities clustered together indicating no correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin. The dendrogram revealed five clusters. The first cluster grouped C19 and G29 accessions collected from the municipalities of Verdelândia and Monte Azul, respectively. The second cluster grouped G16 and B11 accessions collected from the municipalities of Monte Azul and Coração de Jesus, respectively. The remaining accessions were grouped in three clusters, with 8, 15 and 37 accessions, respectively. In summary, RAPD showed a low percentage of polymorphism in the germplasm collection.

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