scholarly journals Congenital hydrocephalus in a Maine Coon foetus detected using ultrasound during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Socha ◽  
BM Socha
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Congenital Hydrocephalus ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Prognostic Importance ◽  
First Time

A congenital defect that blocks the cerebrospinal fluid outflow is the most common cause of hydrocephalus in young cats. It usually manifests itself within a few weeks of birth. Diagnostic imaging is essential. Therefore, it was decided to report on, for the first time, a clinical case of congenital hydrocephalus in a Maine Coon foetus detected using ultrasound during pregnancy. A difference between the size of the skull bones in the Maine Coon foetuses was recognised during a routine pregnancy ultrasound. Analysis of the sonogram of the bones and brain structures of the diagnosed foetus revealed that the features were highly suggestive of a hydrocephalus. Five clinically healthy kittens and one with hydrocephalus were delivered without complications. The necropsy of the malformed foetus was consistent with the ultrasonographic findings. Bacteriological and virological tests were performed and all were negative which suggest a congenital background of the malformation. This is the first reported case of an intrauterine ultrasound diagnosis of congenital hydrocephalus in a Maine Coon of multiple gestation. The ultrasound control along with the foetometry seem to be useful tools to recognise certain pathologies of pregnancy in cats, including congenital malformations of various origins, which is of significant diagnostic and prognostic importance.

Breast cancer associated with pregnancy: a clinical case

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Yu E Dobrokhotova ◽  
S E Arakelov ◽  
S Zh Danelyan ◽  
E I Borovkova ◽  
A E Zykov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Year ◽  
Total Mastectomy ◽  
First Time

Associated with pregnancy is breast cancer, which was first detected during pregnancy, during the first year after childbirth or at any time against lactation. Diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester is an indication for abortion. The detection of the disease after 20 weeks and the desire of the woman to maintain pregnancy is the basis for conducting a total mastectomy followed by polychemotherapy with doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide or with fluorouracil. Radiation therapy during pregnancy is not applied. The timing and method of delivery are determined individually and depend on the stage of the process and the period of pregnancy, when it was identified. A clinical case of a patient with edematous-infiltrative form of breast cancer of the IV stage, diagnosed for the first time in 22 weeks of pregnancy, is presented.

Antitumoral and Anticholinesterasic Activities of the Seven Species from Rubiaceae

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla R.F. Volobuff ◽  
Pedro C.O. Junior ◽  
Sidney M. dos Santos ◽  
Zefa V. Pereira ◽  
Diego C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: The genus Psychotria and Palicourea are reported as a source of alkaloids and iridoids, which exhibit biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate antiproliferative and anticholinesterase activities and quantification of the alkaloids of seven species among the genus found in Mato Grosso do Sul region in Brazil. Methods: Concentrations of alkaloids were measured spectrophotometrically. The extracts were submitted to antiproliferative activity against ten cell lines. The anticholinesterase activity of the extracts was developed using brain structures of male Wistar rats: cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum by the Ellman method. Results: Alkaloids from Psychotria and Palicourea species were quantified which showed values of 47.6 to 21.9 µg/g. Regarding the antiproliferative potential, Palicourea crocea demonstrated selectivity against the 786-0 cell line (GI50: 22.87 µg/mL). Psychotria leiocarpa inhibited cell growth against OVCAR-3 (GI50: 3.28 µg/mL), K-562 (GI50: 5.26 µg/mL), HaCaT (GI50: 27.20 µg/mL), PC-3 (GI50: 34.92 µg/mL), MCF-7 (GI50: 35.80 µg/mL) and P. capillacea showed activity against OVCAR-3 (GI50: 2.33 µg/ml) and U251 (GI50: 16.66 µg/ml). The effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibition was more effective in the hippocampus, demonstrating inhibition for Paliourea crocea, Psychotria deflexa, P. brachybotrya and P. leiocarpa of 70%, 57%, 50% and 40%, respectively, followed by P. poeppigiana and P. capillacea, inhibiting 21%, compared to the control. Conclusion: Herein, the present work showed for the first time, anticholinesterasic and antiproliferative activities of extracts of Palicourea and Psychotria seem to be mainly associated with the levels of alkaloids in the leaves of these species.

scholarly journals Addressing a Folate Imbalance in Fetal Cerebrospinal Fluid Can Decrease the Incidence of Congenital Hydrocephalus

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cains ◽  
Andrew Shepherd ◽  
Mohammad Nabiuni ◽  
Penelope Jane Owen-Lynch ◽  
Jaleel Miyan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Congenital Hydrocephalus

Experimental Studies Relating to Diagnostic Imaging in Disorders of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation

1980 ◽  
pp. 381-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Everette James ◽  
Gary R. Novak ◽  
Ernst-Peter Strecker ◽  
Barry B. Burns ◽  
Francisco Correa-Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fluid Circulation ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation

scholarly journals The Susceptibility of Meningococci to the Antimicrobial Agents in Moscow 2006 - 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Koroleva ◽  
I. S. Koroleva ◽  
I. M. Zakroeva ◽  
I. M. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
First Time

Relevance. One of the prognostic criteria meningococcal infection (MI) epidemic status process is the increasing number of resistant to antibiotics meningococcal strains. Aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of invasive strains of N. meningitidis susceptibility to antibiotics in Moscow in 2006 - 2015. Materials and methods. Studied 98 strains of N. meningitidis, isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MI. The study changes of sensitivity N. meningitidis to antibiotics was occured in two periods: first -2006 - 2011 and second - 2012 - 2015. The MIC was determined by E-test. Results. In the present study revealed for the first time the Russian strains of N. meningitidis, moderately resistant to penicillin (5 strains) and resistant to rifampicin (3 strains). Among the studied strains were not found resistant to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Discussion. Comparison results two study periods allowed to reveal the dynamics of increasing the sensitivity of N. meningitidis to antibiotics, which confirms the decline in meningococcal virulence, and as a result, continued interepidemic MI period. Conclusions. Despite the decline antibakterial resistance is required continuous monitoring.

scholarly journals Clinical and histopathological features of a lingual mucosal horn: First time described clinical case series

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérick Gaultier ◽  
Anne-Laure Ejeil ◽  
Francois Lepelletier ◽  
Bruno Gogly ◽  
Hafida Cherifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Congenital malformations of the fetus: Clinical case from practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (45 special issue) ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Gulnar Tortayeva ◽  
Anara Shakirova
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Clinical Case

Overgrowth

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Robin D. Clark ◽  
Cynthia J. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Costello Syndrome ◽  
Sotos Syndrome ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Segmental Overgrowth ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Overgrowth Syndromes

This chapter reviews information on disorders that cause large birth weight, macrosomia, and/or segmental overgrowth. The most common of these conditions is seen in infants of diabetic mothers. Abnormal dosage of growth regulating genes make chromosomal microarray abnormalities a relatively common cause of overgrowth. Particularly notable is the distinctive Pallister Killian syndrome (12p tetrasomy). Other common overgrowth syndromes include Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Sotos, Malan, and Weaver syndromes. The RASopathy syndromes including Noonan syndrome* and Costello syndrome are also often large at birth. Segmental overgrowth syndromes including Proteus and Klippel Trenaunay as well as PIK3CA related overgrowth (PROS) are discussed as well as their somatic mosaic origin in affected tissues. Clinical guidelines for evaluation and surveillance are outlined. The clinical case presentation features an infant with Sotos syndrome.

Autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluids are useful for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion caused by haematological malignancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Shimura ◽  
Makoto Kurano ◽  
Yoshifumi Morita ◽  
Naoyuki Yoshikawa ◽  
Masako Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Receptor Concentration ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion ◽  
Strong Ability

Background Invasion of the central nervous system by haematological malignancies is diagnosed by cytological analyses of cerebrospinal fluid or diagnostic imaging, while quantitative biomarkers for central nervous system invasion are not available and needed to be developed. Methods In this study, we measured the concentrations of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid and evaluated their usefulness as biomarkers for central nervous system invasion. Results We observed that both the autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were higher in subjects with central nervous system invasion than in those without, and the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were independent from the serum concentrations of these biomarkers. ROC analyses revealed that the soluble IL-2 receptor concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was a strong discriminator of central nervous system invasion in subjects with haematological malignancies, while the autotaxin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid also had a strong ability to discriminate central nervous system invasion when the subjects were limited to those with lymphoma. The combined measurement of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid improved the sensitivity without notably reducing the specificity for central nervous system invasion in subjects with lymphoma when central nervous system invasion was diagnosed in cases where either value was beyond the respective cut-off value. Conclusion These results suggest the possible usefulness of soluble IL-2 receptor and autotaxin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion.

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