scholarly journals Influence of the EU enlargement on the agrarian foreign trade development in member states

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Svatoš ◽  
L. Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Member States ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyses the development of agrarian foreign trade of the EC/EU states in the period 1961–2006. The aim of the analysis is to evaluate the influence of the EC/EU member base enlargement on the development of the value and territorial structure of the Community agrarian trade. Additionally, the paper analyses the impacts of the accession of the particular countries on their own and the total agrarian trade of the Community with the aim to clarify the development trends which preceded the accession to the EC/EU and which subsequently appear after the accession of the given state to the Community. Development trends recorded in the case of all joined countries in the period 1973–2006 are compared and in the final part of the paper, the impacts of the enlargement of the EC/EU on the development of internal (intra) and external (extra) trade are summarised.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages of the Czech agrarian foreign trade in relation to the EU and third countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Miroslav Svatoš ◽  
Luboš Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Eu

The Czech agrarian trade represents a variable which has been developing in a very dynamic manner over time. In the time period of 2000–2010 alone, the value of its turnover grew up from about USD 2.7 billion to about USD 11.4 billion. In the course of time, the Czech agrarian foreign trade has gradually adjusted its territorial as well as commodity structure. As regards the importance of trading partners, Member States of the European Union have unequivocally come to the fore. Accession of CR to the EU has also left its marks on the existing form of the commodity structure of realized exports and imports alike, while especially the export structure has still been shaping in a significant manner. The paper deals with issues related to development of the Czech agrarian foreign trade with the aim to identify its comparative advantages in the area of the commodity and territorial structure both in relation to the global market (the market of third countries outside the EU) and in relation to the EU27 countries. Following are the outcomes of the paper conclusions. Although the Czech agrarian trade as the whole does not have any comparative advantages both with respect to the market of the EU27 countries and with respect to third countries (the global market), its individual aggregations are able to win through and gain comparative advantages, especially with respect to individual Member States of the EU. In this respect, it is worth mentioning that in 2010, 190 (i.e. nearly one half) out of 390 studied export flows realized to 26 Member States of the EU were competitive. The comparative advantages are more or less evenly distributed among the new and old Member States of the EU. As regards third countries, it may be stated that the Czech agrarian export has comparative advantages only to a significantly limited scope.

scholarly journals The Western Balkans in EU’s Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Igor Shcherbak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Regional Stability ◽  
Member States ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Strategic Autonomy ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the problems connected with the EU enlargement to the Western Balkans. The author pays special attention to the factors explaining recent increased attention of the EU to finding solution to the enlargement .The article contains analyses of «the frozen conflicts» in the region which continue to influence the regional stability and make the task of accelerating the EU’s enlargement to the Western Balkans as a priority one in the context of the EU’s strategic autonomy. New EU’s initiatives aimed at arranging strategic debates on EU enlargement to the Western Balkans have been described. The article contains analyses of the so-called frozen conflicts in the Western Balkans which continue to exert influence on regional stability and on the process of association of the Western Balkans with the EU. The important role of the EUthe Western Balkans' summits in elaboration of common approaches of the EU’s member-states to the problem of enlargement has been noted. The article defines a possible perspective of the EU’s enlargement towards the Western Balkans. The author considers that the EU’s enlargement towards the Western Balkans is becoming an important task for the EU in the context of realization of its strategic autonomy and projection of its influence on the given region.

External Aspects of the European Union´s Competitiveness

2018 ◽  
pp. 180-208
Author(s):  
Lenka Fojtíková ◽  
Michaela Staníčková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
National Performance ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Eu

This chapter deals with application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to multicriteria performance evaluation of the European Union' (EU) Member States in the reference period 2000-2015. The productivity of the EU countries can be seen as the source of national performance and subsequent international competitiveness. International trade, as a major factor of openness, has an increasingly significant contribution to economic growth and thus for competitiveness. The aim of the chapter is to analyse level of productive potential achieved by the EU Member States. The results confirm the heterogeneity that exists among the EU Member States as well as in the trade area. While the calculations show that productivity growth of foreign trade was significant in the case of the entire EU, but the significance of productivity in foreign trade was not the same in the case of individual countries.

8. EU Enlargement and Wider Europe

2018 ◽  
pp. 167-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Sedelmeier ◽  
Graham Avery
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
European Neighbourhood Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
European Model ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

The EU has expanded many times and many countries still aspire to join. It has extended the prospect of membership to countries in the Balkans and Turkey and has developed a ‘neighbourhood’ policy towards other countries, some of which may want to join in the future. Enlargement illustrates the success of the European model of integration. It has also provided the EU with a powerful tool to influence domestic politics in would-be members. But enlargement also poses fundamental challenges. It has implications both for how the EU works (its structure and institutions) and for what it does (its policies). The chapter first compares ‘widening’ and ‘deepening’ before discussing enlargement as soft power. It then explains how the EU has expanded and why countries want to join. It also looks at prospective member states: the Balkan countries, Turkey, Norway, Switzerland, and Iceland. Finally, it examines the European Neighbourhood Policy.

scholarly journals Czech foreign agricultural trade after joining the European Union

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 583-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bašek ◽  
J. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Eu

The objective of the paper is to assess how the Czech agricultural sector has withstood keen competition in the EU single market as measured by the basic indicators of foreign trade exchange. The impacts expressed by the indicators of active and/or adverse balance of trade were monitored for the post-accession period (the average of the years 2005–2007) in comparison with the pre-accession period (the average of the years 2001–2003). The assessment of the impacts of the accession to the EU is based on an analysis of the commodity and territorial structure of Czech agricultural foreign trade. The comparison of agricultural balance before and after the accession to the EU for our major trading partners shows that the active balance of the CR with Slovakia increased to 12.0 billion CZK per year; on the contrary, in relation to Poland, the trade deficit of 6.4 billion CZK per year was recorded while Germany strengthened its position in relation to the CR by an increase in the negative balance to 5.4 billion CZK and in relation to Austria, our adverse balance is maintained at the level of 1.1 to 1.2 billion CZK per year for a long time. After the accession to the EU, it was confirmed that the former EU 15 countries took a greater advantage of the customs union enlargement in the framework of the EU 27.

Poor governance, weak institutions will dog eastern EU

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Euro Crisis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
East European ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Eu

Subject Instability in eastern EU. Significance The EU has long reinforced Central-East European (CEE) member states with regulations and constraints. As it became absorbed in the euro-crisis and the nationalist surge, these countries felt less constrained and freer to act. Consequently, short-term or incoherent policy goals and elite-driven illiberal agendas are impeding good governance, anti-corruption efforts and further democratisation in some of CEE; none are exempt from government instability and rising nationalism. Impacts Instability in CEE is likely to discourage bold decisions on EU enlargement to North Macedonia and Albania. Economic malaise will make CEE governments less choosy regarding Chinese investments. An increasingly disenchanted public will be even more susceptible to internal and Russian disinformation campaigns.

INTRA-EU INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS AND ARBITRATION: IS EUROPEAN COMMUNITY LAW AN OBSTACLE?

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Wehland
Keyword(s):  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Member States ◽  
Unequal Treatment ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Investment Arbitration ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Ec Law ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
The Eu ◽  
European Community Law

AbstractBilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) between Member States of the EU have long been all but non-existent. However, with the two most recent rounds of EU enlargement about 190 BITs have become intra-EU. This has not only raised doubts about the conformity of these BITs with EC law, but has also prompted some (including the European Commission) to question the admissibility of arbitral proceedings brought under these Treaties. The article assesses the mechanisms through which a conflict between intra-EU BITs and EC law can become relevant from an arbitration perspective. It then analyses the principal alleged inconsistencies between BIT provisions and EC law: differing substantive standards of investment protection, unequal treatment of investors from different Member States and the lack of control by the ECJ. The discussion of these issues in the light of the relevant EC Treaty provisions shows that EC law should not, in fact, be regarded as an obstacle to intra-EU investment arbitration.

scholarly journals Clasters and Correlations among the Eu Member States Regarding Agri-Food Foreign Trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Nóra Gombkötő
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Eu

The European Union has a significant role in international trade but this is largely in the area of industrial goods. However, in the case of some agricultural commodities the EU applies tariffs, bans, or different restrictive measures; it manages foreign trade in agricultural goods with many countries all over the world. On the other hand the member states do not contribute to the total trade of the EU to the same extent. In this study, a comparative analysis was performed in relation to the member states by means of data of Eurostat and Faostat. First, a multivariable correlation analysis was carried out in order to find the interrelation between the trade features of each country. In the second part of the study, a cluster analysis was carried out with almost the same component as in the foregoing, also in terms of the EU member states. It can be ascertained that the date of EU accession of a Member State as well as getting EU agricultural subsidies do not affect the agricultural foreign trade of the member states. Countries with significant agricultural production also export food commodities in larger quantities. Countries that have significant exports extra-EU also have larger imports in the case of both basic commodities and prepared food as well. As a result of the cluster analysis, it can be stated that the member states can be divided into specific groups according to the three examined aspects (food trade features, exports of commodities, imports of commodities). The following typical country groups can be divided as follows: non-trade countries, countries with larger trade extra-EU, agri-food exporter and importer countries, non-agri-food exporter and importer countries, primary commodity exporters and importers, and last but not least processed food exporters and importers as well. JEL Classification: F10

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