scholarly journals The influence of tillage treatments on water infiltration into soil profile

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matula
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
No Till ◽  
Infiltration Test ◽  
Tillage Treatment ◽  
Infiltration Tests

Water infiltration into the soil profile and runoff losses in arable lands are related to the condition of the top layer. The tillage treatment (included no-till) of the top layer plays a key role in changes of the hydro-physical properties, mainly saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) of the treated layer. This paper is focused on the influence of repeated tillage treatments in the same locality on K in a relatively homogeneous soil profile. The field experimental work was conducted in 1997 and repeated in 2000 after three years of repeated treatments in an experimental field of the Research Institute of Plant Production, Prague on Hapludalfs (US Classification)/Orthic luvisol (FAO). The whole experimental site was divided into four tillage treatment areas (TTA) that were maintained using different tillage treatments. A pressure ring infiltrometer (Matula and Kozáková 1997), mounted on the top of a single iron infiltration ring was used to run infiltration tests. The infiltration during the steady state flow (for a long time) was measured, evaluated and K values were calculated. Matula (2002) summarised the theoretical background for the pressure ring infiltrometer and described the final equations for evaluation of the infiltration test results. The conventional ploughing did not give any significant changes in K values after three years. Reduced till treatment and no-till treatment show a significant decrease in the infiltration rate v(t) after three years. The K value decreased approximately three times for reduced till and six times for no-till treatment. The decrease on this type of soil can cause several negative results from the aspect of surface soil hydrology and agriculture (surface runoff increase, water storage decrease, yield decrease, increase in soil compaction of surface layer, soil erosion increase).

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in the soil under different uses and covers in the Poxim River basin, Sergipe, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 321-339
Author(s):  
Lucas dos Santos Batista ◽  
Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho ◽  
Clayton Moura de Carvalho ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
Igor Leonardo Nascimento Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

Watersheds are units of planning and environmental management having a great importance in the management of water resources and their use. To this end, knowledge about the soil's physical and water attributes is of paramount importance in the context of water dynamics in aquifer recharge areas. Water infiltration rate into the soil is considered an important variable in the hydrological cycle, as the increase in this process can lead to a reduction in erosion and consequently greater groundwater recharge. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the soil water infiltration rate in the phytophysiognomy of the Poxim River basin in the State of Sergipe, in the agriculture, eucalyptus and forest areas, and to observe the effect of the infiltration water rate in areas of no-till, minimum and conventional cultivation. The soil water infiltration rate was obtained through the use of double cylinder infiltrometer and estimated through the mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Horton and Philip. When making comparisons between the models for estimating of soil water infiltration rates, the Horton model showed a better fit compared to the other models used, and the type of soil cover that obtained the highest infiltration rate was the forest. No-till areas provided higher water infiltration rates in the soil, contributing to greater groundwater recharge.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Infiltrasi dan Potensi Irigasi di Lahan Kering Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Jaya Negara ◽  
Lilik Hanifah ◽  
Humairoh Saidah ◽  
Saiful Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Irrigation Planning ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Infiltration Test ◽  
Infiltration Tests

Agricultural development with horticultural crops on dry land is one of the government's efforts to increase dry land productivity so that new paddy fields are created in the Bayan area. Noting that land infiltration capability and its classification are important factors needed in irrigation planning to support the development of horticultural agriculture, so it is necessary to conduct field research on this matter. This study aims to determine the characteristics and classification of land infiltration and determine the trend of irrigation that can be applied. Field infiltration tests were carried out in Anyar and Sukadana villages with 4 test points each. The infiltration rate test in the field was carried out using a double ring infiltrometer and a soil test at the Geotechnical Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Unram. Analysis of the data used Horton's formula as a comparison and the results of the analysis were presented in the form of tables and graphs, conclusions were made descriptively. The results showed that the average infiltration rate in Anyar Village was at point 1 = 26.90 cm/hour, point 2 = 14.94 cm/hour, point 3 = 27.33 cm/hour, and point 4 = 8.21 cm/hour with soil including sandy clay. Infiltration rate classification of points 1 and 3 is very fast, point 2 is fast and location 4 is rather fast. For Sukadana Village the infiltration rate was obtained at point 1 = 43.52 cm/hour, point 2 = 36.67 cm/hour, point 3 = 12.86 cm/hour, and point 4 = 10.97 cm/hour, with the condition sandy clay soil. Sukadana's infiltration rate classification points 1 and 2 are very fast and points 3 and 4 are rather fast. Based on the results of the infiltration test, for very fast and fast infiltration, it is potential to apply jet irrigation such as sprinklers or perforations and for rather fast infiltration, drip irrigation can be applied with limited drip system

Topsoil structure in no-tilled soils in the Rolling Pampa, Argentina

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Alvarez ◽  
M. A. Taboada ◽  
S. Perelman ◽  
H. J. M. Morrás
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
No Till ◽  
Crop Root

Some topsoil physical properties evolve unfavourably under continuous, no-till farming. On the Pampa, loam soils under no-till sometimes have lower infiltration rates than those conventionally tilled; this is due to the occurrence of platy and massive structures. In this study, we aimed to identify the soil management practices that promote platy structure formation, and explain the soil physical behaviour linked to the thickness of platy structures in relation to infiltration rate, bulk density and shear strength. Six fields with different numbers of years under agriculture and diverse previous crops (maize or wheat–soybean double crop) were sampled, distinguishing within each field headlands (areas with higher traffic) and centre (lower traffic). Twenty samples were taken at random along a 200-m transect to characterise soil structure (platy, granular or massive) and the thickness of the platy structure. Principal component analysis revealed linkages between previous crop and location in each field and type of structure. ANOVA showed a significant (P < 0.05) interaction of previous crop × location. The frequency and thickness of the platy structures were lower, and those of granular structures higher, under wheat–soybean double cropping and in the centre of the field. Greater thickness of the platy structure determined lower water infiltration rate (r = –0.337; P < 0.01) and greater soil shear strength (r = 0.297, P < 0.01). Micromorphological analysis indicated the dominance of massive and platy structure in the headlands and bioturbation in the centre of the fields with wheat–soybean double cropping. These results suggest bioturbation, crop-root binding and low machinery traffic as the main factors minimising soil evolution towards unfavourable structural types under no-till farming in the area.

scholarly journals Modeling of soil water infiltration with rainfall simulator in different agricultural systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais E. M. dos Santos ◽  
Edivan R. de Souza ◽  
Abelardo A. A. Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Tests ◽  
Mulch Cover

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare models for predicting soil water infiltration rate and erosive rates using a rainfall simulator in different systems of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. The evaluated mathematical models were: Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Green-Ampt and Horton. Infiltration tests were carried out considering six treatments: bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 0.5 m between crop rows (BC1); bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 1.0 m between crop rows (BC2); bean cultivated downslope (BDS); bean cultivated on contour with mulch (BCM); bare soil (BS) and soil under natural cover (NC). Four replicates were considered, totaling 24 field tests. Kostiakov-Lewis's equation showed the lowest values of standard error. Soil water infiltration rate was equal to 53.3 mm h-1 in the natural vegetation treatment and to 9.49 mm h-1 in the downslope treatment. Surface roughness and the time of beginning of surface runoff were significantly higher for the conditions with mulch cover.

scholarly journals INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO ROXO MUITO ARGILOSO EM DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO

Irriga ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mario Artemio Urchei ◽  
Carlos Ricardo Fietz
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Infiltration Tests

INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO ROXO MUITO ARGILOSO EM DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO   Mário Artemio UrcheiCarlos Ricardo FietzEmbrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Caixa Postal 661, 79804-970 – Dourados, MSE-mail: [email protected] e [email protected]   1 RESUMO              Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar a infiltração de água em um latossolo roxo muito argiloso em dois sistemas de manejo (preparo convencional - PC e plantio direto - PD) e avaliar a adequação das equações de Horton e Kostiakov-Lewis para a estimativa da taxa de infiltração básica. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na área experimental da Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, em Dourados, MS, durante os anos de 1994 e 1995. Em cada um dos sistemas foram realizados 25 testes de infiltração pelo método do infiltrômetro de duplo cilindro. Considerou-se como taxa de infiltração básica observada a média aritmética dos valores lidos após 120 minutos, enquanto sua estimativa foi feita pelas equações de Horton e de Kostiakov-Lewis. A taxa de infiltração básica, nos dois sistemas de manejo, ajustou-se à distribuição normal, de acordo com o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, sem diferença entre as médias de 92,2 e 92,8mm h-1 (Tukey, 5%), para os sistemas PC e PD, respectivamente, consideradas muito altas. Esses valores apresentaram alta variabilidade nos dois sistemas, com coeficientes de variação de 78,6% para o PC e 83,5% para o PD. Apesar de as duas equações terem apresentado bom ajuste, os índices estatísticos evidenciaram que a equação de Kostiakov-Lewis é mais adequada para estimar a taxa de infiltração básica no latossolo roxo estudado.   UNITERMOS: Equações de infiltração, plantio direto, preparo convencional.   URCHEI, M. A.,  FIETZ, C.R.  WATER INFILTRATION IN AN OXISOL UNDER TWO CROPPING SYSTEMS   2 ABSTRACT   This work aimed to characterize water infiltration and evaluate the adequacy of Horton and Kostiachov-Lewis’s equations to estimate basic infiltration rate in an Oxisol under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT). The work was carried out over 1994 and 1995 in an experimental area of Embrapa Agropecuaria Oeste in Dourados city, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. For each  system  25  infiltration  tests  were  performed  by  the  double  ring infiltrometer method. Basic infiltration rates were  the average  of  infiltration measured  after  120 min of adding water on the soil surface. Estimation of basic infiltration rates has been performed by using Horton and Kostiakov-Lewis’s equations. Basic infiltration rates in both systems followed normal distribution according to Kolmogorov-Smirnov’s test. Average values for basic infiltration were 92.2 and 92.8 mm h-1 for CT and NT systems, respectively. No significantly different means have been observed  (P<0.05). The variation coefficients were 78.6% for CT and 83.5% for NT. In spite of two equations good adequacy, statistical indexes showed that Kostiakov-Lewis’s equation has been more fitted to estimate basic infiltration rates for the  studied Oxisol.  KEYWORDS: Infiltration equations, no tillage, conventional tillage.

Effect of Tillage Systems on Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Quality in a Purple Paddy Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1190-1194
Author(s):  
Jun Ke Zhang ◽  
Qing Ju Hao ◽  
Chang Sheng Jiang ◽  
Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Field Station ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact

The impact of conservation tillage practices on carbon sequestration has been of great interest in recent years. This experiment analyzed the organic carbon status of soils sampled at depth increments from 0 to 60 cm after 20 years in a purple paddy soil. The tillage experiment was established in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, located in the farm of Southwest University (30°26′N, 106°26′E), Chongqing. In this paper, five tillage treatments including conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SL), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF) were selected as research objectives to measure SOC storage and stratification ratio of SOC (CSR). The SOC storage under different tillage systems was calculated based on an equivalent soil mass. The CSR can be used as an indicator of soil quality because surface organic matter is essential to erosion control, water infiltration, and the conservation of nutrients. Results showed that in soil under no-till SOC was concentrated near the surface, while in tilled soil SOC decreased equably with the increase of soil depth. The difference of SOC contents between the five tillage systems was the largest in the top soil and the lowest in the bottom soil. The order of SOC storage was LM (158.52 Mg C•ha-1) >DP (106.74 Mg C•ha-1) >XM (100.11 Mg C•ha-1) >LF (93.11 Mg C•ha-1) >SL (88.59 Mg C•ha-1), LM treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. The CSR of 0-10/50-60 cm was 2.65, 2.70 and 2.14 under LM, XM and LF treatments, while 1.54 and 1.92 under DP and SL treatments. We considered CSR>2 indicate an improvement in soil quality produced by changing from tillage to no-tillage, as well as changing from plane to ridge. Overall, long-term LM treatment is a valid strategy for increasing SOC storage and improving soil quality in a purple paddy soil in Southwest China.

scholarly journals A Compact Weighing Lysimeter to Estimate the Water Infiltration Rate in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Laura Ávila-Dávila ◽  
Manuel Soler-Méndez ◽  
Carlos Francisco Bautista-Capetillo ◽  
Julián González-Trinidad ◽  
Hugo Enrique Júnez-Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

Infiltration estimation is made by tests such as concentric cylinders, which are prone to errors, such as the lateral movement under the ring. Several possibilities have been developed over the last decades to compensate these errors, which are based on physical, electronic, and mathematical principles. In this research, two approaches are proposed to measure the water infiltration rate in a silty loam soil by means of the mass values of a lysimeter weighing under rainfall conditions and different moisture contents. Based on the fact that with the lysimeter it is possible to determine acting soil flows very precisely, then with the help of mass conservation and assuming a downward vertical movement, 12 rain events were analyzed. In addition, it was possible to monitor the behavior of soil moisture and to establish the content at field capacity from the values of the weighing lysimeter, from which both approach are based. The infiltration rate of these events showed a variable rate at the beginning of the rainfall until reaching a maximum, to descend to a stable or basic rate. This basic infiltration rate was 1.49 ± 0.36 mm/h, and this is because soils with fine textures have reported low infiltration capacity. Four empirical or semi-empirical models of infiltration were calibrated with the values obtained with our approaches, showing a better fit with the Horton’s model.

scholarly journals Physical Evolution of Solutions in Response to the Contact of Water with Beans: Case Study of Soaking and Boiling

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
J. C. Fopoussi Tuebue ◽  
I. N. Tchinda
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Infiltration Tests ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Shed Light

The present paper aims to highlight the physical evolution of solutions from soaking and beans cooking process. This is motivated by the desire to shed light on the particular behavior of the bean end-of-cooking solutions when they are incorporated into the soil. For that purpose, solutions from soaking were produced by putting in contact 2kg of sorted and quickly washed beans seed with 8kg of water with known physical characteristics. Concerning the solutions from cooked beans, they were produced by putting on fire the pot containing the mixture of the water from soaking and bean seeds. The beans were a variety of Phaseolus vulgaris L.,known as “Meringue”. The cooking process was done without salts. The samples of solutions were collected as follow: 30 and 60 minutes respectively after the beginning of the soaking, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after the beginning of the cooking process of the beans soaked during 60 minutes. After each sampling, the equal volume of the solution collected was replaced with the water used for the cooking process. The color of the water used for the cooking process is translucent. Concerning solutions from soaking, their coloration are gradually reddish. Solutions from soaking and cooking process became abruptly dark red. From 60 minutes of the cooking process after soaking, the dark red coloration turn to strong brown. The solution handled in the case of the present study, from soaking and cooking the beans are gradually enriched in flakes compared to the situation noticed in the water used for the cooking process. But, the enrichment becomes abruptly high with the beginning of the cooking process after the process of soaking. In terms of consequence, their physical parameters studied in the present case study all increase in the same manner, notably the mass, the volumetric mass, and the density of the different solutions. The infiltration tests made including the water used for the different processes, solutions form the end of cooking the beans, and human urine show that the infiltration rate of the water from cooked beans is very low compared to that of the water used for the processes and human urine. The total infiltration of solution of the end of cooking the bean reveals on the infiltration surface the presence of a film of a matter bearing molds, generated by the progressive settling of this solution. The correlations established between the different parameters followed up here are highly positive. But in detail, the influence of an under laid parameter, known here as temperature, has been identified as being the responsible of the questioned behavior of the parameters taken in pairs in the case of correlation studies made. Finally, from this work, it emerges that the specific behavior of the bean end-of-cooking solution when it is introduced into the soil is justified by its progressive enrichment in organic matter during the cooking process.

scholarly journals Patterns of water infiltration and soil degradation over a 120-yr chronosequence from forest to agriculture in western Kenya

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6993-7015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nyberg ◽  
A. Bargués Tobella ◽  
J. Kinyangi ◽  
U. Ilstedt
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Abstract. Soil degradation is commonly reported in the tropics where forest is converted to agriculture. Much of the native forest in the highlands of western Kenya has been converted to agricultural land in order to feed the growing population, and more land is being cleared. In tropical Africa, this land use change results in progressive soil degradation, as the period of cultivation increases. Sites that were converted to agriculture at different times can be evaluated as a chronosequence; this can aid in our understanding of the processes at work, particularly those in the soil. Both levels and variation of infiltration, soil carbon and other parameters are influenced by management within agricultural systems, but they have rarely been well documented in East Africa. We constructed a chronosequence for an area of western Kenya, using two native forest sites and six fields that had been converted to agriculture for varying lengths of time. We assessed changes in infiltrability (the steady-state infiltration rate), soil C and N, bulk density, δ13C, and the proportion of macro- and microaggregates in soil along a 119 yr chronosequence of conversion from natural forest to agriculture. Infiltration, soil C and N, decreased rapidly after conversion, while bulk density increased. Median infiltration rates fell to about 15 % of the initial values in the forest and C and N values dropped to around 60 %, whilst the bulk density increased by 50 %. Despite high spatial variability in infiltrability, these parameters correlated well with time since conversion and with each other. Our results indicate that landscape planners should include wooded elements in the landscape in sufficient quantity to ensure water infiltration at rates that prevent runoff and erosion. This should be the case for restoring degraded landscapes, as well as for the development of new agricultural areas.

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