The influence of harvest date and crop treatment on the production of two different sugar beet variety types

In a four-year trial, the effect was evaluated of the harvest time on the production of two different sugar beet variety types (the Z-type variety Elan and the NE-type variety Epos) grown in three patterns – 1. check pattern, 2. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha, 3. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha + fungicide treatment. Sugar beet was harvested in two terms: at the beginning of the beet processing season, and four weeks later. The differences between the varieties became apparent mainly at the later harvest time. The root yields of the NE-type variety Epos were higher at the later harvest by the average 4.35 t/ha (statistically significant, α = 0.01) while its sugar content was lower by 0.3% (α = 0.05) than in the Z-type variety Elan. The postponement of the harvest time increased the root yields of both varieties by the average 10.47 t/ha (i.e. by 17.9%, α = 0.01). The effect of the harvest time on the sugar content was dependent on the year. Due to retrovegetation following the rainfalls after a prolonged dry period in the year 2000, the sugar content decreased at the later harvest time by 1.68% in absolute figures (or by 8.35% rel., α = 0.01). The content of molassigenic substances in sugar beet roots varied according to the year rather than to the factors followed. The white sugar yields increased at the later harvest by the average 1.57 t/ha (or by 16.9%, α = 0.01). The average increment of sugar for each day of the postponed harvest was 58.2 kg/ha (or 0.63%). The effect of nitrogen fertilisation and fungicide treatment on the sugar beet production became apparent at the later harvest time. Fertilisation with50 kgN/ha + fungicide treatment increased the root yields by 1.07 t/ha (or by 10.32%, α = 0.01) in comparison with the pattern without nitrogen fertilisation and fungicide treatment. Spraying with fungicide itself increased the sugar yields by 0.81 t/ha (or by 7.81%, α = 0.01) in comparison with the pattern equally fertilised but not treated with fungicide.

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Estimation of Sugar Beet Yield and its Dry Matter Partitioning Under Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Levels

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v11n1p143 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 143

Author(s):

Hamidreza Kamali ◽

Shahrokh Zand-Parsa

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Logistic Model ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Common Belief ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Positive Effects ◽

White Sugar

In this study, a simple logistic model was developed for estimating total dry matter of sugar beet under different irrigation and nitrogen levels. The experiment was conducted using line source sprinkler irrigation in 2013 and furrow irrigation in 2014. Irrigation treatments were from 44% to 130% of full irrigation and applied nitrogen treatments ranged from 0 to 240 kg N ha-1. Results showed that the model was more accurate in predicting total dry matter at harvest date with the Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) amounting to almost 10 percent. After total dry matter estimation, a model was needed for dry matter partitioning between different organs of sugar beet. To achieve this goal, another logistic model was developed and was compared with three revised models. Finally, white sugar content of root dry matter was estimated using a quadratic equation as a function of applied water and nitrogen. Validation results indicated that total and root dry matters, and white sugar yield were estimated fairly well. Results showed that excessive water had negative effects on total dry matter and root dry matter. Also, excessive nitrogen affected root dry matter negatively too, but even the excess had positive effects on total dry matter. In contrast to common belief, our results showed that drought stress reduced both ratios of root to leaf, and root to shoot dry matter.

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Foliage applications of jasmonic acid modulate the antioxidant defense under water deficit growth in sugar beet

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2019174-15380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. e0805 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hamideh Ghaffari ◽

Mahmoud R. Tadayon ◽

Muhammad Nadeem ◽

Jamshid Razmjoo ◽

Mumtaz Cheema

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Production Systems ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽

Sugar Beet Crop ◽

White Sugar

Aims of study: Water deficit (WD) is becoming an alarming problem in many regions of the world. Jasmonic acid (JA) is considered an important intracellular plant growth regulator. The aim of the current research was to investigate the important role of JA in mitigating the negative effects of WD on plant growth.Area of study: Sugar beet production systems of two locations in Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari province, Iran.Material and methods: A field trial was conducted to assess the foliar applications of JA (0, 5 µM and 10 µM) and WD (50%, 75%, 100% plant water requirements) effects on physiological yield components of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants.Main results: WD significantly (p<0.05) increased catalase, ascorbate and peroxidase activities, and malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and white sugar content (WSC); however, it caused a reduction in white sugar yield and root yield (RY). JA foliage applications further enhanced the enzymes activity in WD treated plants resulting in higher WSC, potassium concentrations, white sugar and final RY. Interestingly the effects of JA applications were more pronounced under severe WD (50%) compared to mild (75%) or well-watered plants (100%). JA (10 µM) foliage applications increased the RY and white sugar production by 21% and 24% under severe WD.Research highlights: JA can ameliorate the adverse effects of WD and increase the WD tolerance of sugar beet crop by upregulating the antioxidant enzyme activities to withstand adverse environmental conditions.

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Impact of sugar beet seed priming on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/720/2018-pse ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 41-45

Author(s):

Beata Michalska-Klimczak ◽

Zdzislaw Wyszyňski ◽

Vladimír Pačuta ◽

Marek Rašovský ◽

Joanna Lešniewska

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Amino Nitrogen ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Field Station ◽

Beet Root ◽

The Impact ◽

White Sugar

The impact of non-treated and primed seeds on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield of the same cultivar of sugar beet root was investigated. The study was conducted in 2012–2014 at the Experiment Field Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW in Skierniewice (51°97'N, 20°19'E) in the central region of Poland. The use of primed seeds resulted in a higher technological white sugar yield with higher sugar content and lower content of α-amino nitrogen in the roots. Also, seed priming increased the technological value of the roots by a lower share in the root yield fractions of the root weight less than 300 g, characterized by lower sugar content and a higher content of α-amino nitrogen.

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Breeding and usage of sugar beet cultivars and hybrids resistant to sugar beet nematode Heterodera schachtii

Agricultural science and practice ◽

10.15407/agrisp2.01.012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. Pylypenko ◽

K. Kalatur

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Nematode Resistance ◽

Control Measures ◽

Heterodera Schachtii ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Germplasm Exchange ◽

Good Agricultural Practice

Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 is one of the most economically important pests of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. It is also widespread in most sugar beet growing regions in Ukraine causing serious yield reduction and decreasing sugar content of sugar beet in infested fi elds. An advanced parasitic strategy of H. schachtii is employed to support nematode growth, reproduction and harmfulness. In intensive agriculture systems the nematode control measures heavily rely on nematicides and good agricultural practice (crop rota- tion in the fi rst place). But alternative strategies based on nematode resistant sugar beet cultivars and hybrids are required as none of nematicides approved for the open fi eld application are registered in Ukraine. Here we review the achievements and problems of breeding process for H. schachtii resistance and provide the results of national traditional breeding program. Since the beginning of 1980s fi ve sugar beet cultivars (Verchnyatskyi 103, Yaltuschkivska 30, Bilotcerkivska 45, BTs-40 and Yuvileynyi) and seventeen lines partly resistant or toler- ant to H. schachtii have been obtained throughout targeted crossing and progenies assessment in the infested fi elds. The further directions for better utilization of genetic sources for nematode resistance presented in na- tional gene bank collection are emphasized. There is a need for more accurate identifi cation of resistance genes, broader application of reliable molecular markers (suitable for marker-assisted selection of nematode resistant plants in the breeding process) and methods for genetic transformation of plants. Crop cash value and national production capacity should drive the cooperation in this fi eld. Knowledge as well as germplasm exchange are thereby welcomed that can benefi t breeding progress at national and international level.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF DOSING APPLICATION OF BENATAL GROUP HERBICIDES IN SUGAR BEET SOWING

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2019/3/49-51 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 49-51

Author(s):

V. Z. Venevtsev ◽

М. N. Zakharova ◽

L. V. Rozhkova

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Humus Content ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Experimental Plot ◽

Agricultural Research Institute ◽

Row Crops ◽

Sugar Beet Variety ◽

Sowing Machine

Ryazan region annually receives stable yields of sugar beet roots 40 t/ha. Further growth of yields depends on balanced nutrition of plants cultivated hybrids, from the quality of the soil and of the phytosanitary State of sowing culture. Weed vegetation in wider spaced row crops of sugar beet in the initial periods of vegetation is high competition culture. The article presents the results of three studies on the effectiveness of the herbicide betanalnoj group, used to reduce contamination of sowing culture annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots. Studies conducted on experimental fields ISSA-branch FGBNU FNAC WIM (former AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE in Ryazan). Soil: dark grey forest tjazhelosuglinistaja, humus content 4.0%, potassium and phosphorus-high pH is 5.8. Area of cultivated plots 50 m2, repetition, four sugar beet variety-Ocean. The predecessor-winter wheat. Under the autumn ploughing had made NPK120 under presowing cultivation-N60, SEV conducted seeder sowing machine. For crop protection herbicides were tested annually of sugar beet Betanal progress, UF-1.0 l/HA, Forte di Belvedere-1.0 l/HA, Betanal Max Pro-1.5 l/HA, Bajrang engineering works Super-1.5 l/HA, once applied to weeds. The harvest of sugar beet roots, take into account the square 10 m2 in 4-times repeated with each experimental plot by weighing machinery, processed data by ANOVA. The research found that studied herbicides efficiently at 87-92%, reduced infestation annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots to 29.9-44.1%

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Influence of a BactoFil microbiological preparation on the intensity of infection by Rhizoctonia solani and the effects on sugar beet yield and quality

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si12584 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

Suzana Kristek ◽

Andrija Kristek ◽

Dragana Kocevski ◽

Antonija K. Jankovi ◽

Dražen Juriši

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Beet Root ◽

Set Up

The experiment was set up on two types of the soil: Mollic Gleysols (FAO, 1998) and Eutric Cambisols where the presence of pathogenic fungi – sugar beet root decay agent – Rhizoctonia solani has been detected since 2005. In a two year study (2008, 2009), the experiment was set up by completely randomized block design in 4 repetitions and 16 different variants. Two beet varieties, Belinda, sensitive to pathogenic fungi R. solani, and Laetitia, tolerant to pathogenic fungi R. solani), were grown. The microbiological preparation BactoFil was applied in different amounts in autumn and spring. In addition, the nitrogen fertilizer application, based on the results of soil analysis, was varied. The following parameters were tested: amount of infected and decayed plants, root yield, sugar content, sugar in molasses and sugar yield. The best results were obtained by applying the microbiological preparation BactoFil, and by 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer application. Preparation dosage and time of application depended on soil properties.

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Susceptibility to root tip breakage increases storage losses of sugar beet genotypes

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si17882 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 625-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Christa Hoffmann ◽

Katharina Schnepel

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Close Correlation ◽

Invert Sugar ◽

Root Tip ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Storage Losses ◽

Controlled Conditions ◽

Sugar Loss

Good storability of sugar beet is of increasing importance, not only to reduce sugar losses, but also with regard to maintaining the processing quality. Genotypic differences are found in storage losses. However, it is not clear to which extent damage may contribute to the genotypic response. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of root tip breakage on storage losses of different genotypes. For that purpose, in 2012 and 2013, six sugar beet genotypes were grown in field trials at two locations. After lifting roots were damaged with a cleaning device. They were stored for 8 and 12 weeks, either under controlled conditions in a climate container at constant 8°C, or under ambient temperature in an outdoor clamp. The close correlation underlines that storage losses under controlled conditions (constant temperature) can well be transferred to conditions in practice with fluctuating temperature. The strongest impact on invert sugar accumulation and sugar loss after storage resulted from storage time, followed by damage and growing environment (year × growing site). Cleaning reduced soil tare but increased root tip breakage, in particular for genotypes with low marc content. During storage, pathogen infestation and invert sugar content of the genotypes increased with root tip breakage, but the level differed between growing environments. Sugar loss was closely related to invert sugar accumulation for all treatments, genotypes and environments. Hence, it can be concluded that root tip breakage contributes considerably to storage losses of sugar beet genotypes, and evidently genotypes show a different susceptibility to root tip breakage which is related to their marc content. For long-term storage it is therefore of particular importance to avoid damage during the harvest operations and furthermore, to have genotypes with high storability and low susceptibility to damage.

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Development of the sugar beet quality in the Netherlands since 1980 and introduction of invert sugar as a new parameter for beet quality assessment

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si16273 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 95-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dirk P. Vermeulen

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Sugar Beet ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Invert Sugar ◽

Internal Quality ◽

Glucose Content ◽

Thick Juice ◽

Trial Phase

The technological beet quality has been always important for the processors of sugar beet. An investigation into the development of the beet quality in the Netherlands since 1980 has shown that beet quality has improved significantly. Internal quality parameters that are traditionally determined in the beet laboratory, i.e. sugar content, Na, K and -aminoN, all show an improving trend over the years. In the factories, better beet quality has led to lower lime consumption in the juice purification and significantly higher thick juice purity. In 2013, Suiker Unie introduced the serial analysis of the glucose content in beet brei as part of the routine quality assessment of the beet. The invert sugar content is subsequently calculated from glucose content with a new correlation. The background, the trial phase and the first experiences with the glucose analyzer are discussed.

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Impact of Foliar Application of Various Forms of Silicon on the Chemical Composition of Sugar Beet Plants

Sugar Tech ◽

10.1007/s12355-020-00918-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽

Małgorzata Kondracka ◽

Dariusz Gozdowski ◽

Alicja Siuda ◽

Magda Litwińczuk-Bis

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Sugar Beet ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Orthosilicic Acid ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Polysilicic Acid ◽

Critical Phase

AbstractThe effect of marine calcite, a mixture of ortho- and polysilicic acid as well as orthosilicic acid applied as a foliar spray on the chemical composition of sugar beet leaves in the critical phase of nutrient supply (beginning of July) but also leaves and roots during harvest time in 2015–2016, was studied. The content of silicon in the leaves ranged from 1.24 to 2.36 g kg−1 d.m. at the beginning of July, 3.85–5.34 g kg−1 d.m. during harvest and 2.91–4.20 g kg−1 d.m. in the roots. The foliar application of silicon caused a significant increase in the content of magnesium and calcium in leaves (in July) as compared to the control. The sugar beet consumes approx. 75 kg Si ha−1, which is almost 3.5 times more than P and 20% more than Mg thus proving its importance for its species. About 70% of the silicon taken up by sugar beet is stored in roots and 30% in leaves. The pure sugar yield is most favorably influenced by two- and threefold foliar application of the product containing silicon in the form of orthosilicic acid stabilized with choline, and a threefold mixture of ortho- and polysilicic acid. The increase in the pure sugar yield is not the result of a change in the chemical composition of sugar beet plants, but their more efficient functioning after foliar application of silicon under stress conditions caused by water shortage.

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