scholarly journals Response of Avena sativa, microorganisms and enzymes to contamination of soil with diesel oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wyszkowska ◽  
A. Borowik ◽  
J. Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Diesel Oil

scholarly journals Sewage Sludge as a Tool in Limiting the Content of Trace Elements in Avena sativa L. on the Soil Polluted with Diesel Oil

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4003
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Natalia Kordala
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (0; 5; 10 and 15 cm3 kg−1 of soil) on the content of trace elements in the aboveground parts of oat (Avena sativa L.). Stabilised sewage sludge was used to mitigate the likely negative impact of diesel oil on the plant. Growing soil contamination with diesel oil had a significant impact on the content of trace elements in the aboveground biomass of oat. In the series without sewage sludge, the contents of the analysed elements, except for chromium, zinc, copper and cobalt, were positively correlated with the increasing doses of diesel oil. The largest increase in the content was recorded in the case of manganese. The sewage sludge used to reduce the influence of diesel oil on the chemical composition of oat had a positive effect on the content of the analysed trace elements. Compared to the series without the addition of a stabilised sewage sludge, it contributed to a reduction in the average content of chromium, nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt in the aboveground parts of oat plants. No significant effect of the applied remediation treatment was noted for cadmium, and the results were equivocal for iron.

scholarly journals Response of Avena sativa L. and the soil microbiota to the contamination of soil with Shell diesel oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borowik Agata ◽  
Wyszkowska Jadwiga
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Organotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Nutritional Needs

This study analysed the changes in the development of Avena sativa L. cultivated on soil contaminated with diesel oil (DO; 0, 7, 14 and 21 mL/kg of soil dry matter), and in the microbiological, biochemical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of the soil. In addition to basic fertilisation fulfilling the nutritional needs of the oat plant, finely ground barley straw and finely ground charcoal was also applied. The study revealed a highly toxic effect of DO on the growth and development of Avena sativa L. The uptake of macro- and micronutrients by the tested plant decreased significantly. The active bacteria were identified based on the analysis of 16S rRNA coding sequences. In objects contaminated with DO, a more rapid development of organotrophic bacteria, actinomyces and fungi was observed, as well as higher activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. In the soils contaminated with DO, more C<sub>org</sub> and available and exchangeable potassium were found than in the non-contaminated soils. DO did not have such a significant effect on the contents of other elements in the soil. The use of charcoal and straw stimulated both the development of microorganisms and the activity of soil enzymes, yet it did not mitigate the adverse effect of DO on the growth or development of the oat plant.

scholarly journals Contamination of Soil with Diesel Oil, Application of Sewage Sludge and Content of Macroelements in Oats

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Natalia Kordala
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (0, 5, 10 and 15 mL/kg d.m. of soil) on the macroelement content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium) in the above-ground parts of oats (Avena sativa L.). A remediation effect of sludge as a substance which reduces the negative impact of this petroleum product on its element content in oats was also evaluated. Sewage sludge was applied in doses 0, 4, 8 and 12 g/kg of soil. The macroelement content in the above-ground parts of oats depended on the soil contamination with diesel oil and on the addition of sewage sludge to the soil. Soil contamination with diesel oil caused significant changes in the content of all macroelements in the above-ground biomass of oats. Increasing doses of the petroleum product in the series without sewage sludge decreased the content of all macroelements, except phosphorus and calcium. The highest effect was observed for the content of sodium in oats. The addition of sewage sludge to the soil alleviated the negative impact of diesel oil on the chemical composition of the plants. The application of sewage sludge to soil resulted in an increase in average content of nitrogen, sodium and magnesium (as opposed to phosphorus and partly calcium) in the above-ground parts of oats, compared to the series without sewage sludge.

SEM Cold Stage Techniques for the Observation of Vegetative and Floral Apices of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Plants

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
B. K. Kirchoff ◽  
L.F. Allard ◽  
W.C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cell Collapse ◽  
Conductive Paint ◽  
Carbon Based

In attempting to use the SEM to investigate the transition from the vegetative to the floral state in oat (Avena sativa L.) it was discovered that the procedures of fixation and critical point drying (CPD), and fresh tissue examination of the specimens gave unsatisfactory results. In most cases, by using these techniques, cells of the tissue were collapsed or otherwise visibly distorted. Figure 1 shows the results of fixation with 4.5% formaldehyde-gluteraldehyde followed by CPD. Almost all cellular detail has been obscured by the resulting shrinkage distortions. The larger cracks seen on the left of the picture may be due to dissection damage, rather than CPD. The results of observation of fresh tissue are seen in Fig. 2. Although there is a substantial improvement over CPD, some cell collapse still occurs.Due to these difficulties, it was decided to experiment with cold stage techniques. The specimens to be observed were dissected out and attached to the sample stub using a carbon based conductive paint in acetone.

PPARα and PPARβ/δ Activation by Oat (Avena sativa) Oil Stimulates Keratinocyte Differentiation and Ceramide Synthesis

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chon ◽  
R Earland ◽  
A Pappas ◽  
KA Reynertson ◽  
MD Southall
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Keratinocyte Differentiation ◽  
Ceramide Synthesis

Estimación de biomasa aérea de forrajes de invierno bajo riego a través de un dron

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gavi Reyes ◽  
César Botello-Aguillón ◽  
Leonardo Tijerina-Chávez ◽  
Arturo Galvis-Spíndola ◽  
Rodrigo Roblero-Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

E Objetivo: Desarrollar un procedimiento para estimar biomasa con imágenes digitales captadas desde un dron y modelación 3D (ID-Dron-3D) aplicable en alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) y avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Con una cámara digital acoplada al dron se obtuvieron imágenes antes de la cosecha de los cultivos, que fueron procesadas con software para luego estimar volumen de biomasa. En cada cultivo se midió altura de la planta y área cosechada, volumen aparente y real de biomasa, y peso de biomasa fresca y seca. Resultados: Con base en el análisis de regresión se obtuvieron modelos lineales a una p<0.05 para predecir: biomasa fresca en avena (R2=0.70) y alfalfa (R2 =0.47); y biomasa seca en avena (R2=0.78) y en alfalfa (R2=0.31) mediante ID-Dron-3D. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Considerando las R2 de los modelos obtenidos, los resultados en la avena forrajera fueron mejores, respecto a los detectados en alfalfa, lo cual se puede deber a la mayor variabilidad de la cobertura vegetal, ya que, en algunas unidades de muestreo, las plantas de alfalfa no cubrían completamente el suelo. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El rendimiento de biomasa fresca y seca de ambos cultivos se correlacionó significativamente con su respectivo volumen aparente estimado con imágenes digitales tomadas desde un dron y su procesamiento 3D (ID-Dron-3D).

Neutral Lipids of Oats Fruit (Avena Sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
N. K. Yuldasheva ◽  
S. D. Gusakova ◽  
D. Kh. Nurullaeva ◽  
N. T. Farmanova ◽  
R. P. Zakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Lipids are a widespread group of biologically active substances in nature, making up the bulk of the organic substances of all living organisms. They accumulate in plants in seeds, as well as in fruits and perform a number of vital functions: they are the main components of cell membranes and the energy reserve for the body.Aim. Study of neutral lipids of sown oats (Avena sativa L.).Materials and methods. The objects of the study were fruits (grains) of oats of the sown variety "Tashkent 1," harvested in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Results and discussions. Neutral lipids of oat grains have been found to contain 13 fatty acids with a predominance of the sum of oleic, linolenic and linoleic acids. The total degree of unsaturation was almost 78%. Absorption bands characteristic of these substances were observed in the IR spectrum of MEGC.Conclusion. According to the results of the NL analysis, oat grains consisted of triacylglycerides and free LCDs, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tocopherols.

ANTIOESTROGENIC ACTIVITY IN FAHLI CLOVER HAY AND OAT HAY

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Fodder Plants

ABSTRACT The presence of oestrogen inhibitory activity in oat hay (Avena sativa) and Fahli clover hay (Trifolium alexandrinum var. Fahli) has been established. The antioestrogenic effect was demonstrated by the inhibition of uterine weight increase in rats (Astwood test) in response to oestradiol injected together with the above mentioned plant extracts. The extraction procedures are described in detail and the possible biological implications of antioestrogenic and oestrogenic activity in fodder plants is discussed.

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