scholarly journals Effect of density and mixed culture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) on growth, survival and feed conversion rate in intensive culture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pěnka ◽  
Oleksandr Malinovskyi ◽  
Jiří Křišťan ◽  
Aiman Imentai ◽  
Tomáš Policar
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Intensive Culture ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Size Heterogeneity ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

In this study, two experiments were performed with the aim to optimize intensive aquaculture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). In the first 140-day experiment the effect of the initial fish density was assessed at three levels: low density (LD) 23 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, medium density (MD) 35 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and high density (HD) 46 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. All three densities provided the same final Fulton’s condition coefficient (FC = 1.24–1.28), specific growth rate (SGR = 0.22–0.24%/day) and survival rate (97–100%). No cannibalism was observed at all tested densities. Feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.39 ± 0.21 g/g) was the lowest for LD and the highest (1.61 ± 0.08 g/g) for MD. The highest fish biomass (25.7 ± 2.7 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) was obtained at HD and this density was considered as the most effective density of all tested ones during the intensive culture of largemouth bass. The second 60-day experiment tested the effect of largemouth bass and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) monoculture and biculture of both species on production efficiency. Higher size heterogeneity was obtained in both (mono- and bicultural) groups of pikeperch (308.91–314.56‰/day) compared to the groups of largemouth bass (279.26–284.05 ‰/day). The higher FC (1.09) was found in both types of culture in largemouth bass compared to both methods of culture in pikeperch (0.74–0.78). The lowest SGR was evident in both types of largemouth bass cultures (1.20–1.28%/day). In contrast, the highest SGR was achieved in the bicultural pikeperch (1.88%/day). Similar results like for SGR were also assessed for FCR, where the highest value of FCR was in both cultures of largemouth bass (1.44–1.48 g/g) compared to the lowest FCR in the bicultural of pikeperch (0.73 g/g). Largemouth bass in both tested types of culture had higher survival rates (99.95–99.99%) compared to pikeperch (98.61–98.63%).

scholarly journals Growing Trial of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Juveniles Fed on Chironomid Meal as a Partial Substitution for Fish Meal

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Roncarati ◽  
Roberto Cappuccinelli ◽  
Marina Meligrana ◽  
Roberto Anedda ◽  
Sergio Uzzau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Insect meal derived from chironomid larvae and collected from aquatic environments was included in the feed of gilthead sea bream juveniles (75 ± 1.1 g) in a growth trial of 90 days. Three feeds, which were namely one control (L1) and two experimental diets (L2, L3), were analyzed and formulated as isonitrogenous (45%) and isolipidic (13%). In L1, the protein source was mainly soybean meal (32%), followed by fish meal (20%), wheat meal (20%), gluten corn (17%), and hemoglobin (11%). In L2, the proportion of soybean meal was increased (33.5%), followed by gluten corn (21%), wheat meal (14%), and hemoglobin (11%), whereas the fish meal source was reduced (15%) due to the inclusion of chironomids (5%). In L3, the proportion of fish meal was further reduced (8%) and that of chironomid meal was increased to 10% of the protein source. The L2 and L3 groups showed similar growth performances with respect to the L1 group. The feed conversion rate was favorable in all the groups, ranging from 1.18 (L1) to 1.22 (L3). Survival rates varied from 93.62% (L3) to 94.31% (L1). Feed palatability showed similar results for all diets. Although the inclusion of chironomid meal was used in small quantities, our results suggest a significant advantage in replacing 50% of the fish meal with the chironomid meal for growing gilthead sea bream fishes.

scholarly journals Attractants in plant protein-based diets for the carnivorous largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Barretto de Menezes Sampaio de Oliveira ◽  
José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion

Adding attractants can improve acceptability of artificial diets by carnivorous fish fry and fingerlings, increasing intake of unpalatable feeds and improving growth rate, while reducing feeding time and feeding wastes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of levels of inclusion of different attractants in plant protein-based diets on the performance of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Nine hundred juvenile largemouth bass (26.54 ± 1.53 g) conditioned to accept dry, artificial feed were stocked in 60, 90-L polyethylene tanks (15 fish per group) in a completely randomized design trial (n=3). Fish were fed two daily meals ad libitum at 7h00 and 17h00, for 13 days, with a diet (100% plant protein source) containing either soluble fish protein - SFP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0%); FisharonTM - FA (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12%); fish silage - FS (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0%); a positive control diet - pCD (10% fish meal) and a negative control diet - nCD (basal diet without attractants). DL-methionine (98%) and L-lysine (80%) were added automatically by the formulation software to adjust available amino-acid profile of diets. Recorded performance data were: final weight, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Fish fed diet FA0.02 presented the best growth rate, best weight gain and best feed conversion ratio. Fish fed diets containing FS as attractant presented the poorest performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Heated Drinking Water on the Growth Performance and Rumen Functionality of Fattening Charolaise Beef Cattle in Winter

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Silvia Grossi ◽  
Luciana Rossi ◽  
Matteo Dell’Anno ◽  
Stefano Biffani ◽  
Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Heated Water ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

The effects of heated drinking water on growth performance and rumen functionality in fattening beef cattle during winter were evaluated. Newly received Charolaise bulls (n = 224) were allocated to two experimental groups: (i) water at room temperature (RTW) (weight 408 ± 34 kg); (ii) constantly heated water (25 °C) (HW) (weight 405 ± 38 kg). Growth performances, feed intake, feed conversion rate, water intake and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Internal reticuloruminal wireless boluses were used to collect rumen pH and temperature values every 10 min. Bodyweight was not affected by the water temperature, but the overall average daily gain (ADG) was significantly higher in the HW group (1.486 vs. 1.438 kg/head/day in the RTW; p = 0.047). Dry matter intake was significantly higher in the HW group (p = 0.001), even though the final feed conversion rate (FCR) was not influenced. There was also a tendency for better cold carcass weight (CCW) and carcass yield (CY) in the HW group. Drinking heated water reduced the time (min/day) during which the ruminal pH was below pH 5.8 or 5.5, and the time during which the temperature was lower than 37 or 39 °C (p < 0.001). The use of heated drinking water is a plausible a strategy for enhancing ruminal stability and the overall production efficiency in fattening beef cattle, which will lead to both better growth performance and higher ruminal stability.

Pathogeny of disease characterized by swollen liver and spleen in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei MA ◽  
Guocheng DEND ◽  
Junjie BAI ◽  
Shengjie LI ◽  
Xiaoyan JIANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides

scholarly journals Dietary fermented rapeseed or/and soybean meal additives on performance and intestinal health of piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czech ◽  
Eugeniusz Ryszard Grela ◽  
Martyna Kiesz
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the effect of fermented dried soybean (FSBM) and/or fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) in diets for weaned piglets on production results, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestinal tract histology, and the composition of the gut microbiota. Piglets in the control group received standard diets with soybean meal. Animals in all experimental groups received diets in which a portion of the soybean meal was replaced: in group FR—8% FRSM; in group FR/FS—6% FRSM and 2% FSBM; in group FS/FR—2% FRSM and 6% FSBM and in group FS—8% FSBM. The use of 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM in the piglet diets had a positive effect on average daily gains. Piglets from the FR and FR/FS groups had the highest feed conversion rate. Group FS/FR and FS piglets had significantly lower mortality and lower incidence of diarrhoea. Piglets fed a diet with the fermented components, in particular with 8% FRSM or 6% FRSM and 2% FSBM, exhibited a positive effect on the microbiological composition and histology of intestines, which resulted in improved nutrient digestibility coefficients (ATTD and AID).

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium PNC01 isolated from the intestinal mucosa of chicken as an alternative for antibiotics to reduce feed conversion rate in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang He ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Yuanyang Dong ◽  
Jiaqi Lei ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Abstract Background The development and utilization of probiotics had many environmental benefits for replacing antibiotics in animal production. Bacteria in the intestinal mucosa have better adhesion to the host intestinal epithelial cells compared to bacteria in the intestinal contents. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens and investigated as the substitution to antibiotic in broiler production. Results In addition to acid resistance, high temperature resistance, antimicrobial sensitivity tests, and intestinal epithelial cell adhesion, Enterococcus faecium PNC01 (E. faecium PNC01) was showed to be non-cytotoxic to epithelial cells. Draft genome sequence of E. faecium PNC01 predicted that it synthesized bacteriocin to perform probiotic functions and bacteriocin activity assay showed it inhibited Salmonella typhimurium from invading intestinal epithelial cells. Diet supplemented with E. faecium PNC01 increased the ileal villus height and crypt depth in broiler chickens, reduced the relative length of the cecum at day 21, and reduced the relative length of jejunum and ileum at day 42. Diet supplemented with E. faecium PNC01 increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the cecal microbiota. Conclusion E. faecium PNC01 replaced antibiotics to reduce the feed conversion rate. Furthermore, E. faecium PNC01 improved intestinal morphology and altered the composition of microbiota in the cecum to reduce feed conversion rate. Thus, it can be used as an alternative for antibiotics in broiler production to avoid the adverse impact of antibiotics by altering the gut microbiota. Graphic Abstract

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