scholarly journals The “Non-Euclidean Geometry” of the Manuscript: Mikhail Bulgakov’s Digital Archive

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Liubov’ V. Khachaturian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Mikhail Bulgakov ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Electronic Copy ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library

The article examines the problem of access to archival sources, many of which are currently closed for research due to a number of reasons, including epidemiological ones. The author sees the solution to the problem in creating special unified electronic archives, in which all information about manuscripts is placed on the Internet site or portal, regardless of where they are located geographically. In the author’s opinion, electronic resources of the “second generation” meet the most complete tasks of scientific research: digital archives that allow not only quickly selecting sources, but also working with an electronic copy of the document identical to the original. Regardless of the scientific qualification of the researcher and the state of the original, any Internet user gets direct access to the electronic copy: they can study it, clarify it, quote it in their works and distribute links to the source. On the material of the “Autograph. The 20th-Century. Digital Archive of Russian Literature” portal, the author describes the process of creating a digital archive as a research work that is located at the junction of two Humanities disciplines: source studies and textual studies. In the course of the research, the author turns to the new materials of the portal – the digital archive of Mikhail Bulgakov. The author gives a detailed description of the history of the writer’s archival collections in various organizations (Institute of World Literature, RAS; Russian State Library; Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts), as well as a description of research works of the past decade on Bulgakov’s artistic heritage. During the writer’s lifetime, the archive was kept by Bulgakov himself, then by his widow, Elena Bulgakova, with a full understanding of the value that the collection as a whole represents. As a result, a huge, interconnected and actually commented complex of manuscripts, albums, correspondence, and visual materials was created. Then the archive was divided into two unequal parts (the Bulgakov-prose writer archive and the Bulgakov-playwright archive) and transferred to two different repositories: the Pushkin House (Fund 369) and the Lenin State library (Fund 562). The Bulgakov collection of the Pushkin House is “adjacent” to the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts funds, which reflect the history of the text based on the materials of organizations (Glavrepertkom, archival funds of theaters, magazines and publishing houses). The author further describes the materials from the Mikhail Bulgakov Fund at the Institute of World Literature, RAS, presented on the “ Autograph. The 20th-Century” portal. The author cites unpublished (or published with notes) sources from the least studied part of the archive – the collection of theater albums. Comparing the theater album devoted to the stage history of the play The Days of the Turbins (The White Guard, The Brothers Turbins) and the text of Theatrical Novel (A Dead Man’s Memoir), the author infers that the album is a kind of a autodocumentary source of the novel, clarifying many controversial points in its interpretation. The genre nature of this type of album requires a separate study. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the ideal material for such research can be the digital archive of Mikhail Bulgakov.

Historian of the Russian State Library. In Memory of L.M. Koval (1933—2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Margarita Y. Dvorkina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Library History ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
October 17 ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the memory of Lyudmila Mikhailovna Koval (October 17, 1933 – February 15, 2020), historian, Head of the History sector of the Russian State Library (RSL) and the Museum of Library history. The author presents brief biographical information about L.M. Koval, the author of more than 350 scientific and popular scientific works in Russian and in 9 foreign languages. She published 29 books in Publishing houses “Nauka”, “Kniga”, “Letniy Sad”, ”Pashkov Dom”, most of the works are dedicated to the Library. Special place in the work of L.M. Koval is given to the Great Patriotic War theme. The article considers the works devoted to the activities of Library staff during the War period. L.M. Koval paid much attention to the study of activities of the Library’s Directors. She prepared books and articles about the Directors of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums and Library from the end of the 19th century and almost to the end of the 20th century: N.V. Isakov, D.S. Levshin, V.A. Dashkov, M.A. Venevitinov, I.V. Tsvetaev, V.D. Golitsyn, A.K. Vinogradov, V.I. Nevsky, N.M. Sikorsky. The author notes contribution of L.M. Koval to the study of the Library’s history. Specialists in the history of librarianship widely use bibliography of L.M. Koval in their research. The list of sources contains the main works of L.M. Koval, and the Appendix includes reviews of publications by L.M. Koval and the works about her.

Manuscript about the claims of the Onomatodoxists to Pitsunda skete of the New Athos Monastery

2021 ◽  
pp. 295-320
Author(s):  
Marina S. Krutova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Caucasus Mountains ◽  
State Library

The Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library contains materials of different genres about the claims of the Onomatodoxists to Pitsunda skete of the New Athos Monastery, named after Simon the Canaanean — letters, reports, petitions. The reason for the Onomatodoxists disputes is believed to be the book “On the Caucasus Mountains” by Schemamonk Ilarion (worldly Ivan Domrachyov), who was assigned to the New Athos monastery after he had left Old Athos. The originals of the published documents are kept in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library in the fund of Bishop Nikon (worldly Nikolay Rozhdestvenskiy); the former was a member of the Most Holy Synod, actively opposed the religious movement which arose on Old Athos in the early 20th century. The value of the published documents lies in the fact that they tell about a little-known page in the history of the New Athos Monastery.

scholarly journals “An Actor Is a Priest in Buffoon’s Clothes”

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-289
Author(s):  
Marina S. Krutova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
Different Levels

The article raises the actual questions: if the theater can be Christian and who in that case the actor is — “a priest” or “a buffoon”. The purpose of this article is to consider the issue of “Christian theater” at different levels: historical, psychological, social. The article analyzes the issues of actors’ personalities formation and their religious sear­ches. There are considered the conditions of Christian upbringing in families and faith preservation in the complex historical period of the Russian history of the late 19th — mid-20th century. The no­velty of this study lies in the fact that it introduces into scientific circulation little-known manuscript materials stored in the Manuscripts Department of the Russian State Library: 44 autobiographies of recognized actors, which were published in 1928 in edited form by the writer V.G. Lidin; as well as some other unpublished documents. The sources show that actors brought up on Christian ideals followed them in their work, despite the difficult conditions of socio-political life in the country. Among them are well-known actors of the Moscow Art Theater, Moscow Art Academic Theater, State Academic Maly Thea­ter, Vsevolod Meyerhold State Theater, Bolshoi Drama Theater, Vakhtangov State Academic Theater (and others): V. Kachalov, I. Ilyinsky, R. Apollonsky, L. Vivyen, G. Ge, A Koonen, A. Orochko, G. Martynova and other masters. The article also uses some little-known writings of the actors, their questionnaires on the psychology of acting, photographs, as well as manuscripts and published memoirs of their contemporaries (E.D. Golovinskaya, E.A. Korotneva, V.D. Markov, Yu. Panich), allowing to consider the issue of “Christian theater” from different sides.

scholarly journals Mikhail Bulgakov and Aleksandr Sukhovo-Kobylin. Textology of a Theater Album

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-245
Author(s):  
Elena N. Penskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Documentary Source ◽  
National Team ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mikhail Bulgakov ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special Studies

Personal collections of documents related to the performances of SukhovoKobylin’s and Bulgakov’s own plays have never been compared. Bulgakov practically never mentions Sukhovo-Kobylin in his texts. However, the “meeting” of the two playwrights took place in the space of the theatrical album. Unlike the literary album that has been studied many times, there are no special studies about the typology of the theatrical album and its cultural semantics. The textological study of album “autocollections” as drama companions contributes to the acquisition of semantic “keys” not only to certain texts, but also to those meta-links that they form as well as to the compilation of mobile text transcriptions. The album laboratories of the two playwrights make this similarity clear. The theatrical albums by Sukhovo-Kobylin (a blue blotter with envelopes of versions of plays that are part of the “Pictures of the Past” trilogy, held in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts) and Bulgakov (eight albums in the Handwritten Section of the IRLI) reveal two layers. One is an “encyclopedia” of theatrical history of plays, posters, reviews, accompanied by the author’s notes, and a detailed “dossier of censorship ordeals”. The other layer is newspaper clippings with author’s marginalities, marks that simulate a vocabulary universe and the library of plots reflecting newspaper reality and later turned into works. Thus, it is known that Sukhovo-Kobylin was one of the characters in V. Chernoyarov’s feuilleton “The National Team”, published in the magazine “Novyy Zritel” in 1926 and pasted into Bulgakov’s album related to the play The Days of the Turbins at the Moscow Art Theater in 1926. The specified album is an auto-documentary source of Theatrical Novel. The metamorphoses of the texts in the album, accompanied by the author’s notes, marginalities, typologically bring together the theatrical albums of Sukhovo-Kobylin and Bulgakov. They are related semiotically and visually to the scenario of a conventional play, the director’s staged copy, or the exhibition plan of the exposition. The playwrights quite obviously collect the dossier, the “data bank”, fixing the junctions, the path from the manuscript to the publication and the scene (especially in Bulgakov’s case), as if they were making up a biography of their own text. Bulgakov appreciates the author’s recipes and technical guidelines for making an author, formulated in feuilletons of the 1920s. By coincidence, Sukhovo-Kobylin got into this feuilleton environment.

New Facts on the History of the Russian America (Based of the Russian Archival Documents)

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Ivan B. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Library

The refusal of Russia from its territory in Alaska is presented to this day as a goodwill gesture for the peace and consent with USA. The fragments of the documents stored in the archive of foreign policy of the Russian Empire, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the Russian State Historical Archive, in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, in the research department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library, reveal the true reasons for the taken decisions. New facts for scientific use and previously unknown documents are introduced.

Educational and Methodical Literature for the Clavier and Piano in the History of Russian Music Publishing of the Second Half of the 18th — Early 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-668
Author(s):  
Olga V. Radzetskaya
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Piano Performance ◽  
Music Publishing ◽  
Russian Music ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Music Publishers ◽  
Production Output ◽  
State Library

The Russian piano school is a unique phenomenon in the global cultural space, a multifaceted and creative phenomenon, a source of creative insights and vivid interpretations. The history of Russian piano performance is deeply and comprehensively studied and is characterized by a wide semantic range. A special place in it is occupied by educational and methodical literature produced by major music publishers in Moscow and St. Petersburg during their formation and development.The appeal to this topic is connected with the need to create a primary idea of the activities of music publishers for the production of educational materials in the historical dynamics and perspective. This complex process can be perceived as a synthesis of European traditions and Russian experience — a multidimensional multifunctional landscape of the era, illustrative reflection of important events in the cultural life of the country.The specificity of the problem has an impressive demonstration volume. It includes the strategy and tactics of development of Russian music publishing companies, production of educational and scientific-methodical literature by Russian and foreign authors, stages in the development of piano art, increase in the production output, achievements of the Russian piano school and its unique pedagogical experience.“P. Jurgenson” company’s catalogues, stored in the Russian State library, reflect the trends and directions that were dominant in the educational literature for piano. They include well-established, tested methods of piano playing, collections of exercises, and anthologies that enriched the pedagogical repertoire with compositions to develop of the technical base of students and expand the arsenal of its expressive means. The study aims at a primary classification of “P. Jurgenson” publishing house’s educational resources recorded in its catalogues of the late 19th — early 20th century.

scholarly journals Peter the Great’s Lost Letter to Georg Wilhelm de Henning: On the History of Expert Thought and the Antiques Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bazarova ◽  
Aleksandra Chirkova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Community ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Petersburg Institute ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Expert Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
State Library

The elements of expert analysis established in Russian academic circles by the late nineteenth century, when auxiliary historical disciplines became an indispensable part of the academic base of historical knowledge, are described in this article with reference to a lost letter by Peter I to Georg Wilhelm de Henning sent on 24 December 1724. These elements include the study of the letter, the stages and methods of introducing it into scholarly circulation, and the assessment of its significance and value in monetary terms. It is established that the original of the letter ended up in a private collection in the early twentieth century and became inaccessible to historians. However, handwritten copies, a draft, and descriptions have survived. The article analyses the work with Peter I’s letter performed by the members of the commission for the publication of Peter the Great’s letters and papers, as well as by the first owner of the letter, N. K. Bogushevsky, the Parisian antiquarian Noël Charavay, into whose hands the letter fell a decade after its former owner’s death, and N. P. Likhachev, a prominent specialist in a number of auxiliary historical disciplines to whom the antiquary turned for an expert opinion. While researching the copies and descriptions of Peter I’s letter, the authors used traditional methods of expert analysis of the missing original found in the collections of St Petersburg Institute of History (Russian Academy of Sciences), the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, and the National Archives of France. Referring to handwritten materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, the Russian State Library, and sales catalogues, the authors carry out a brief analysis of the Western European and Russian antiques market in the late nineteenth – early twentieth centuries in relation to Russian documents from the eighteenth century (prices and demand). The attribution of authenticity to historical documents (including the first Russian emperor’s autographs) was not only an issue of the reliability of historical knowledge or academic interest, but also one of reputation of connoisseurs, collectors, antiquarians, and the experts they turned to. At the same time, reputation helped ensure the quality of expertise and was a tool for raising this through horizontal connections within the professional community.

scholarly journals The Diary of Lady-in-Waiting Princess S. L. Shakhovskaya: An Unknown Source about the Romanov Family, 1900-1901

2018 ◽  
pp. 936-945
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Ryazanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Distinguishing Characteristic ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
Main Barrier

The review considers the new publication of well-known Perm historian D. M. Sofjin, historian and archaeographer M. V. Sofjina, and translator A. G. Neklyudova. It places their work in the broader archaeographic framework of sources about the Romanov family. The distinguishing characteristic of the diary is its relatively small volume (about 2 author's sheets). The published document has not been introduced into scientific use until now. This is probably due to its unlikely place of storage: in the fond of M. N. Katkov in the Research Division of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library (NIOR RGB). But the main barrier was, certainly, the language: French is unfamiliar to most Russian historians, including specialists in the history of the Romanovs. The diary is dated July 5, 1900 – July 24, 1901. It allows to see the Romanovs (Empress Maria Feodorovna, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, and others) through the eyes a young girl, Princess S. L. Shakhovskaya. The diary can be conditionally divided in two parts: the first outlines events, the second is focused on the girl’s rather gloomy feelings. The publication is prepared at the highest archeographic level. The introduction details all special considerations of text transmission, its translation into fundamentally different sign system. The remarks of the translator are noteworthy; she contends that the young Duchess had poor command of French and ‘thought in Russian.’ Most praiseworthy are the notes, which contain all necessary references and biographical data. Although it does not add anything radically new to the understanding of the period, the publication puts the finishing touches to the portrayal of several key historical figures of the turn of the 20th century (primarily, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich and Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, at whose court Princess S. L. Shakhovskaya was in waiting).

scholarly journals The Library of St. Theophan the Recluse

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Varvara V. Kashirina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Revolution

The article describes the history of the library of St. Theophan the Recluse, also known as “Theophan Zatvornik” (1815-1894), the famous theologian and spiritual writer of the 19th century, the owner of one of the largest private libraries. Despite the large number of studies on the theological heritage of St. Theophan the Recluse, the history and composition of his library is still not revealed, what determines the relevance of the article. The main objectives of the article are to identify and analyze all the surviving inventories of the library, to explore the possibility of determining the composition and history of the library. The main sources for this task are the memoirs of his contemporaries, published in the periodicals of the 19th century, as well as two inventories of the library, made after the death of St. Theophan the Recluse, by the librarian of the Moscow Theological Seminary N.A. Kolosov and by the unknown author. There was revealed that after the death of St. Theophan the Recluse, his library got into the library of the Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi, and after the revolution - to the Russian State Library. All the books had Losevs library stamp. Research work on revealing all the editions with Losevs library stamp in the holdings of the Russian state library will allow to determine the composition of the book collection of St. Theophan.

scholarly journals Typological Diversity of Unrealized Editions of the Tomsk Province at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
N. V. Zhilyakova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
History Of

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to identify the typological diversity of unrealized publications of the pre-revolutionary Tomsk province at the beginning of the 20th century, details of which are in the censorship affairs of the Main Department of Press Affairs (Russian State Historical Archive) and Tomsk Province Administration (Tomsk Region State Archive). Results. The information preserved in the archives, including the programs of the conceived editions of the cities of the Tomsk pre-revolutionary province, such as Barnaul, Novo-Nikolaevsk, Biysk, Kainsk, and others, make it possible to draw a conclusion about their typological status and, in some cases, to identify the possible reasons why the publication was not carried out. Among them are political motives, economic reasons and organizational difficulties. The conducted study allows us to conclude that the typological picture of the development of journalism in the Tomsk province becomes much more complicated if, along with the realized publications, to take into account unrealized projects of newspapers and magazines. The typology of most of the unrealized editions of the cities of the Tomsk province coincided with the newspapers and magazines of Tomsk, but some of the ideas reflect the desire of journalists to create bodies of periodicals of new types. Conclusion. The studied materials indicate that the study of the history of the development of provincial journalism is impossible without taking into account archival data, which allow us to see the possible vectors of development of the typological picture of the local periodicals.

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