scholarly journals Hepatitis C diagnosis slowdown in high-prevalence groups and using decentralised diagnostic strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Morales-Arráez ◽  
Federica Benítez-Zafra ◽  
Felicitas Díaz-Flores ◽  
María Jesús Medina-Alonso ◽  
Luz Goretti Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
High Prevalence

High prevalence of chronic hepatitis C in 8009 patients with migration background living in Germany

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Buggisch ◽  
J Petersen ◽  
I Urlea-Schön ◽  
S Rossol ◽  
B Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Rapid point-of-care (POC) testing for Hepatitis C antibodies in a very high prevalence setting: persons injecting drugs in Tallinn, Estonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Uusküla ◽  
Ave Talu ◽  
Jürgen Rannap ◽  
David M. Barnes ◽  
Don Des Jarlais
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Oral Swab ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Abstract Background Between December 2018 and January of 2019, we evaluated the accuracy of the point-of-care Hepatitis C (HCV) antibody test (POC; OraQuick HCV) used at a community-based needle and syringe exchange program serving persons who inject drugs in Tallinn, Estonia. Methods We compared the results of screening for HCV antibodies by OraQuick (oral swab) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA; blood draw) and assessed test results implications in a high prevalence setting. Findings Of the 100 participants, 88 (88%) had reactive POC test results, and 93 were HCV antibody positive on EIA testing. Sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) for the POC assay with EIA as the relevant reference test were as follows: 94.6% (95% CI 90.0–99.2%), 100% and 58.3% (95% CI 30.4–86.2%). Of the 12 testing, HCV-negative with the POC only 7 (58.3%) were true negatives. Conclusions Oral swab rapid testing HCV screening in this nonclinical setting was sensitive and specific but had unacceptably low NPV. In high prevalence settings, POC tests with high sensitivity and that directly measure HCV RNA may be warranted.

Prospective study of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients by monthly analysis of HCV RNA and antibodies

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Moreira ◽  
João Renato Rebello Pinho ◽  
Jorge Fares ◽  
Isabel Takano Oba ◽  
Maria Regina Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hcv Genotypes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Time Required

The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate the prevalence and the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysis patients in two different centers in São Paulo (Brazil), (ii) determine the time required to detect HCV infection among these patients by serology or PCR, (iii) establish the importance of alanine aminotransferase determination as a marker of HCV infection, and (iv) identify the HCV genotypes in this population. Serum samples were collected monthly for 1 year from 281 patients admitted to hospital for hemodialysis. Out of 281 patients, 41 patients (14.6%) were HCV positive; six patients seroconverted during this study (incidence = 3.1/1000 person-month). In 1.8% (5/281) of cases, RNA was detected before the appearance of antibodies (up to 5 months), and in 1.1% (3/281) of cases, RNA was the unique marker of HCV infection. The genotypes found were 1a, 1b, 3a, and 4a. The presence of genotype 4a is noteworthy, since it is a rare genotype in Brazil. These data pointed out the high prevalence and incidence of HCV infection at hemodialysis centers in Brazil and showed that routine PCR is fundamental for improving the detection of HCV carriers among patients undergoing hemodialysis.Key words: HCV genotypes, hemodialysis, hepatitis C, PCR, prevalence, incidence.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEPATITIS C IN A WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZON STATE

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel de Deus VIEIRA ◽  
Cledson Gonçalves VENTURA ◽  
Camila Maciel de SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The One ◽  
Disease Exposure

Context Hepatitis C causes a major impact on public health due to the high prevalence in the population. Objectives Evaluate the epidemiological data of hepatitis C in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. Methods Data from hepatitis C were analyzed during the period 2002 to 2012, assigned by the Agency for Sanitary Vigilance of the State of Rondônia. The variables studied were: year of diagnosis, gender, age, associated disease, exposure to risk factors and clinical presentation. Results Eight hundred fifty-nine cases were reported during the study period. Of this total, 542 (63.1%) cases were male. In relation to age group, the one with the highest number of cases was between 40-59 years (54%), followed by 20-39 years (33.5%). In relation to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) association, 1.8% of patients had HIV and 2.1% other type of sexually transmitted disease. About exposure to risk factors, 288 (28.1%) individuals were exposed to a surgical procedure. Was also analyzed the clinical form of the disease, 9.9% are in acute disease and 91.1% in the chronic phase. Conclusions In the State of Rondônia, hepatitis C had a mean annual incidence of 5.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants, similar to the national rate.

scholarly journals High prevalence of autoantibodies to C-reactive protein in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection: association with liver fibrosis and portal inflammation

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Sjöwall ◽  
Kristina Cardell ◽  
Elisabeth A. Boström ◽  
Maria I. Bokarewa ◽  
Helena Enocsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
High Prevalence

High prevalence of chronic hepatitis C in injecting drug users in Tanzania, East Africa: a neglected burden of disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. S416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mohamed ◽  
J. Mbwambo ◽  
J. Rwegasha ◽  
Y. Shimakawa ◽  
S. Bhagani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
High Prevalence
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