scholarly journals Status and the Future of Organic Farming in the Republic of Macedonia and the Mediterranean Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljupcho Mihajlov ◽  
Vasko Zlatkovski ◽  
Natalija Markova Ruzdik
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Republic

Future water-related risks and management options in the Mediterranean basin 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianela Fader ◽  
Carlo Giupponi ◽  
Selmin Burak ◽  
Hamouda Dakhlaoui ◽  
Aristeidis Koutroulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Climate And Environmental Change ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Future ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

<p>The presentation will summarize the main findings of the chapter “Water”[1] of the report “Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin – Current Situation and Risks for the Future”. This report was published in November 2020 and prepared by 190 scientists from 25 countries, who belong to the scientific network “Mediterranean Experts on Climate and Environmental Change”.</p><p>Water resources in the Mediterranean are scarce, unevenly distributed and often mismatching human and environmental needs. Approx. 180 million people in the southern and eastern Mediterranean countries suffer from water scarcity (<1000 m<sup>3</sup> capita<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>). The main water use is for agriculture, and more specifically on the southern and eastern rim. Water demand for both tourism and agriculture peak in summer, potentially enhancing conflicts in the future. Municipal water use is particularly constrained in the south and will likely be exacerbated in the future by demographic and migration phenomena. Northern countries face additional risks in flood prone areas where urban settlements are rapidly increasing.</p><p>Climate change, in combination with demographic and socio-economic developments, has mainly negative consequences for the water cycle in the Mediterranean Basin, including reduced runoff and groundwater recharge, increased crop water requirements, increased conflicts among users, and increased risk of overexploitation and degradation. These impacts will be particularly severe for global warming higher than 2°C.</p><p>Adequate water supply and demand management offers some options to cope with risks. Technical solutions are available for improving water use efficiency and productivity, and increasing reuse. Seawater desalination is increasingly used as adaptation measure to reduce (potable) water scarcity in dry Mediterranean countries, despite known drawbacks in terms of environmental impacts and energy requirements. Promising solar technologies are under development, potentially reducing emissions and costs. Reuse of wastewater is a solution for agriculture and industrial activities but also recharge of aquifers. Inter-basin transfers may lead to controversies and conflicts. Construction of dams contributes to the reduction of water and energy scarcities, but with trade-offs in terms of social and environmental impacts.</p><p>Overall, water demand management, which increases water use efficiency and reduces water losses, is crucial for water governance for a sustainable development. Maintaining Mediterranean diet or coming back to it on the basis of locally produced foods and reducing food wastes may save water but also carbon emissions while having nutritional and health benefits.</p><div><br><div> <p>[1] <strong>Fader M.</strong>, Giupponi C., Burak S., Dakhlaoui H., Koutroulis A., Lange M.A., Llasat M.C., Pulido-Velazquez D., Sanz-Cobeña A. (2020): Water. In: Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin – Current Situation and Risks for the Future. First Mediterranean Assessment Report [Cramer W, Guiot J, Marini K (eds.)] Union for the Mediterranean, Plan Bleu, UNEP/MAP, Marseille, France, 57pp, in press. Download</p> </div> </div>

Optimal Values for Calculation of Premium in Life Insurance

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-85
Author(s):  
Cvetko Andreeski
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Future ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Mortality Forecast ◽  
The Republic

Life insurance is very challenging sector in developing countries. Life insurance makes contribute at the investments in every country, so the more developed life insurance, more investments one should expect. One of the main aspects in calculation of risk in life insurance is using updated tables of mortality and forecast of the future values of mortality. There are many functions and models for mortality forecast calculation. Lee-Carter and Azbel Model for mortality trend calculation are used in this paper. In order to evaluate the results, data sets with the mortality in the Republic of Macedonia are used.

scholarly journals BRYLLUPPET I KRANI: Noter om rites de passage på Balkan

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Rites Of Passage ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Lake Region ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Future ◽  
Collapse Of Communism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Prespa Lake

Jonathan Schwartz: Wedding in Krani: Notes on Balkan Rites of Passage This retrospective essay, inspired by the Biblical wedding in Kana, looks as well towards the future. Its topics are drawn from twenty years of periodic visits to and field work in the Prespa Lake region of Macedonia, bordering on Albania, Greece, and the Republic of Macedonia. Studies of labor migration (pechalba) are orchestrated by weddings, in which villagers are married away to spouses in the metropoles. This is a Virtual rite de passage, especially for the bride. Since the collapse of communism, the breakup of Yugoslavia, and the violence of ethnic cleansing, new imperatives for anthropology have appeared. If once we could direct our interest to the dramatic rites de passage, we now must pay attention to guarding the everyday rights of passage, especially in regions with several ethnic, religious, and linguistic communities. The Prespa Lake village of Krani, half Albanian and half Macedonian, with half its population abroad in diasporas, is an exemplary site for this sort of anthropology.

scholarly journals Is De Facto Partnership a Threat to Marriage? a Case Study from Macedonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Irena Avirovic ◽  
Makedonka Radulovic
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Future Projections ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

The subject of this work is to examine whether the increased number of de facto partnerships could jeopardize the future of the marital institution in the Republic of Macedonia. The paper will provide existing statistical data on the number of marriages, divorces, and de facto partnerships in the country. Furthermore, it will analyze possible factors which have influenced the increased number of extra-marital communities in Macedonia. For the purposes of this paper we conducted a quantitative research with a sample of 120 respondents aged 18 to 22 years. The questionnaire was outlined to measure the perceptions of young people on marriage and cohabitation. In conclusion, the results from the respondents’ answers were used as an inclusive consideration for future projections and possible major projects.

scholarly journals From the name dispute to the Prespa agreement: the relations between Greece and North Macedonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
S. Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Turning Points ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
New Phase

Introduction: The name dispute dominated the relations between Greece and the Republic of Macedonia approximately three decades. It was coined as one of the world’s chronical unresolved issues. During the long lifespan of the conflict, there were some moments of hope for a solution, as well as disappointments stemming from the rising tension between the parties. Some of these developments bringing a new mentality to the dispute can be labelled as the turning points. In the current state of affairs, the dispute has been going through a new phase since the signature of the Prespa Agreement between Greece and North Macedonia in 2018.Materials and Methods: The article is providing a historical analysis of the name dispute. The development of the name dispute, from its beginning till its current state of affairs, is analysed under the guidance of the previous studies conducted on the subject and with references to the discourses of the leading political actors.Results: The name dispute is elaborated by focusing on the key turning points. After the emergence of the conflict, the interim accord of 1995 and 2008 NATO Bucharest meeting and the Prespa Agreement are determined as the turning points of the dispute.Discussions and Conclusions: The article concludes that it is too early to declare the final end of the name dispute by concentrating on the Prespa Agreement, symbolizing the final consensus between the parties of the dispute. Despite the rising hopes after the Prespa Agreement, the historical lifespan of the name dispute leads us to consider the fact that the willingness of the disputing parties to stay committed to the agreement will be definitive in terms of the future of the relations between Greece and Macedonia.

scholarly journals Long-term predictions of the energy development - possibilities and challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Gligor Kanevce ◽  
Aleksandar Dedinec ◽  
Aleksandra Dedinec ◽  
Ljubica Kanevce
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic

In this paper the possibilities, disadvantages and benefits of long-term planning of energy development, are analysed. The factors influencing the development of energy and the factors influencing the accuracy of forecasting of the future development of energy are presented. The uncertainties that make the differences in modelling on a global scale, as well as the uncertainties that make the differences in modelling of the energy development of the Republic of Macedonia are also presented. Sensitivity analysis of the influence of different factors on the development of energy in the Republic of Macedonia was carried out. For those purposes the energy development of the Republic of Macedonia for the period up to 2035 year is calculated by using MARKAL model. The main features of the MARKAL model are also presented.

scholarly journals Ocean Literacy across the Mediterranean Sea basin: Evaluating Middle School Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour towards Ocean Sciences Issues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PANAYOTA KOULOURI ◽  
ATHANASIOS MOGIAS ◽  
MELITA MOKOS ◽  
MARIA CHEIMONOPOULOU ◽  
GIULIA REALDON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ocean Literacy ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean Sea is characterized by rich biodiversity, and its region hosts people living in several countries with a rich variety of cultures, but – at the same time – it is “under siege”, due to anthropogenic pressures. To address these pressures, many actions are needed aiming, among others, at establishing Ocean Literacy (OL) across the Mediterranean countries and preparing the future generation of Mediterranean Sea-literate citizens. Towards this aim, the present cross-national study investigated OL issues in relation to content knowledge, possible common misconceptions, attitudes, and the self-reported behavior of 2,533 middle school students from eight Mediterranean countries (Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Malta, Spain, and Turkey), as well as certain background elements (e.g., gender, grade level, environmental education experience, sources of relevant information). The results of this study revealed that middle school students of all studied countries possess a moderate level of ocean sciences content knowledge, while they showed satisfactory pro-environmental attitudes and behavior. These findings along with further research are expected to function as a baseline for the design, implementation, and launch of specifically targeted programs, educational activities, teaching resources, curricula, and school textbooks, which will be achieved through close collaboration between schools, universities, research institutes, and Ministries of Education, thus contributing to the future protection and sustainable development of the Mediterranean Sea region.

ALBANIAN YOUTH IN MACEDONIA, THE FUTURE, EMIGRATION AND PREFERENCES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2433-2436
Author(s):  
Abdilnaser Sinani
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Education System ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic

This research aims to address and explain the perceptions, desires, attitudes and expectations of the Albanian youth in Macedonia on their future, prospects in the context of social and political changes in the country and at the global level. The research affects different dimensions of this age group in order to provide an overview of the vision and views of this generation, always in the aspect of country's prospects in the context of the great wave of migration to the developed Western countries. 220 young people aged 16 to 24 were interviewed, most of whom (86%) represent a relatively low level of satisfaction regarding the quality and standard of living, lack of prospects for building a career and a better life, meanwhile they have lost confidence in the institutions of the country and are desperate by politics so that most of them were ready to leave the country. This is a research on the interdependence of the social context, development or social progress, chances and opportunities of young people in the Republic of Macedonia, facing a dilemma: to stay in Macedonia (with low standard, poor, poor education, etc.) or to leave the country (with a safe job, career opportunities, and prospects for future planning). This research looks at the vital aspects of living of Albanian youth, chance for education and their future prospects. The research consists of ten modules: family values, education, aspirations for employment, prospects and careers, social welfare, religious beliefs, politics and inclusion, spare time and lifestyle. These indicators are also considered as the most important values of the Albanian youth in Macedonia. Reasons of emigration are: the desire to improve the standard of living, the aspiration to have more qualitative education and greater employment opportunities, which means a safer future. The unemployment rate among young people in Macedonia is 52.9%, ranking the country in the third place on the world list. Life in general and the standard of living from year to year has deteriorated, new jobs have been reduced, and unemployment and poverty have increased. This has also resulted in deteriorating interpersonal and interethnic relations in the country, losing hope for the future, especially among young people. Studies show that high unemployment rate has made young people in Macedonia to see their future more and more abroad. Although with a relatively high percentage of inclusion in secondary and university education, young people of this age group declare that education is an important value for them. Despite the preferences for education, the level of satisfaction with the current education system is very low. Only one-third of respondents are satisfied with the education system in the Republic of Macedonia.

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