scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrological Simulation Models Using the Parameter Combinatorial Diagram

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Goñi Garatea ◽  
Faustino N. Gimena Ramos ◽  
José Javier López Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Hydrological Simulation

scholarly journals An Integration of GIS and Simulation Models for a Cost Benefit Analysis of Irrigation Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Monika Ghimire ◽  
Art Stoecker ◽  
Tracy A. Boyer ◽  
Hiren Bhavsar ◽  
Jeffrey Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Irrigation Development

<p class="sar-body"><span lang="EN-US">This study incorporates spatially explicit geographic information system and simulation models to develop an optimal irrigation system. The purpose of the optimized irrigation system was to save depleted ground water supplies. ArcGIS was used to calculate the area of potential irrigable soils, and EPANET (a hydrological simulation program) was used to calculate energy costs. Crop yield response functions were used to estimate the yield of cotton to the amount of irrigation and the accumulation of soil salinity over a 50-year period. Four irrigation designs (A, B, C, and D) were analyzed with different irrigation schedules.</span></p><p class="sar-body"><span lang="EN-US">Design A allowed all producers to irrigate simultaneously at 600 gallons per minute (gpm) or 2,271 liters per minute (lpm) while designs B and C divided the irrigable areas into two parts. Design D divided the areas into four parts to allow producers to irrigate one part at a time at 800 gpm (3,028 lpm). Irrigation scheduling not only lessened the water use and cost, but also amplified the profitability of the irrigation system. In design A, if all producers adopted 600 gpm (2,271 lpm) pivots and operated simultaneously, the cost of the 360,000 gpm (1363,000 lpm) pipeline would be prohibitive. In contrast, designs B, C, and D increased net benefits and lowered the breakeven price of cotton. The 50-year net present value for designs A, B, C, and D was profitable over 75, 70, 70, and 65 cents of cotton price per pound (454 g), respectively. Thus, this study endorses irrigation scheduling as a tool for efficient irrigation development and management, and increases water conservation.</span></p>

Climate Change effects on the River Discharge in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mavrova-Guirguinova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Local Version ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Global Atmospheric Model ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;The impact of future climate change under IPCC scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 on hydrological regimes in plain catchments up to 650 m high and in mountainous areas of Bulgaria is discussed. A hydrological simulation models (TUWmodel) were calibrated on recorded data and &amp;#8216;forced&amp;#8217; in the selected scenarios with precipitation and air temperature data from ALADIN 5.2, a local version of the French global atmospheric model ARPEGE, downscaled to a grid of 12 km. Simulations for the future periods 2013-2042, 2021-2050 and 2071-2100 are compared to the flows in the reference period 1976-2005.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results indicate increased seasonality of flows, with noticeably drier summers and increase of river discharge in winter. In most of the cases the analysis of extreme events suggests significant increases in the frequency of both high&amp;#8208; and low&amp;#8208;flow events. The change in the extreme runoff with a large repetition period required for the design of flood protection structures and systems has been investigated in regions with different mechanisms for flood generation. With the push of RCP4.5 or RCP8.5 scenarios the significant increase in flood peaks is observed in most of the river basins. There is a general trend of decreasing runoff with a 95% probability of exceedance.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Quantitative approach and problems of river hydrological simulation models

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo YAMASHITA ◽  
Arata ICHIKAWA ◽  
Fuyuki SATOH ◽  
Hideaki SHIBATA
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Hydrological Simulation

Research for Hydrological Modelling System Technology Based on OpenMI

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1806-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Wang ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Chun Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Efficient Integration ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Modelling System

There has been a variety wide of hydrological simulation models, each model has its own characteristics. Hydrological modelling considers more and more detailed physical mechanism. And involved professional models also increased great significantly. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish an open unified model interface standards to make a data communication among different models and quickly formulate modelling systems suitable for the characteristics of target watershed. OpenMI emerged at the right moment to satisfy the requirements of above situations. The thesis bases on OpenMI to design hydrological modelling systems and inherits OpenMI framework of design, request/feedback mechanism and hierarchy facing to modules. This design can solve the assembly link problem of cross-language and multi-type models and make a beneficial attempt for hydrological modelling system efficient integration.

“Application of Hydrological Simulation models to solve pollution impacts in the water management decision-making processes. Measures for the recovery of Mar Menor sea lake and “Campo de Cartagena” aquifer (Spain)”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gómez Martínez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Pérez-Martín ◽  
Clara Eugenia Estrela Segrelles
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Mar Menor ◽  
The Status ◽  
Extended Practice ◽  
Campo De Cartagena

&lt;p&gt;The use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture activity is a worldwide extended practice since decades for improving crops performance, which can cause, however, with excessive dosage rates, aquifers&amp;#8217; pollution and water quality problems, like the study case hereby presented of Mar Menor sea-lake waterbody and &amp;#8220;Campo de Cartagena&amp;#8221; aquifer, in the southern coast of Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Due the agricultural practices, the Campo de Cartagena aquifer presents in this moment high values of nitrate, around 150 mgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; / l, appearing also these high values of nitrogen in soil in this area. This situation produces a great contribution of nitrogen to the Mar Menor lake, by two mainly processes, firstly, continuously through groundwater returns to the waterbody&amp;#8217;s surface and secondly, through the precipitation events when a large amount of nitrogen is washed from soil by the rainfall. Finally, the large amount of nitrogen incomes to the Mar Menor sea lake contributes to deteriorate the status of this waterbody and also promotes the eutrophication processes that have been taking place during last years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A large watershed scale nitrates&amp;#8217; transport simulation model, Patrical Model (Perez-Mart&amp;#237;n et al., 2016), is used to estimate the measures to recovery the &amp;#8220;Campo de Cartagena&amp;#8221; aquifer. The model establishes, mathematically, the relationship between nitrogen application, nitrogen surplus (excess), and nitrate concentration in groundwater and surface waterbodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Model results show that it is necessary to reduce around 80% of the current nitrogen surplus in the &amp;#8220;Campo de Cartagena&amp;#8221; aquifer to recovery the good status in the aquifer. This reduction of nitrogen surplus can be obtained by reducing the fertilizers dosage and consequently the nitrates contribution, with a maximum dose of nitrogen applied by farmers of 170 kgN /ha. Applying this measure could reduce significantly the nitrogen retained in soil in 1-2 years, so the nitrogen contribution during rainfall events also could be reduced significantly. Nitrogen levels in groundwater will gradually decrease in the following years, reaching values around 50 mgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; / l in 7-9 years after the application of these measures.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals NB-IoT Sensor Network for Obtaining the Input Data for Hydrological Simulation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Oskars Java ◽  
Aleksandrs Sigajevs ◽  
Juris Binde ◽  
Michal Kepka
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Operating Principle ◽  
Network Technology ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Cloud Server

The article describes the choice of appropriate network technology that provides sufficient coverage to allow the sensor network to be placed even in the remote and difficult to reach locations and the data to reach the cloud server. Further it describes the components of the sensor network, the operating principle, architecture and the processing of the data obtained to convert them into the input data used in the hydrological simulation model. The NB-IoT sensor network proposed by the authors would not only collect the data needed to operate hydrological simulation models, but, for example, could provide the data needed to forecast weather conditions, particularly if the architecture of this sensor network, because of its low cost, would be widely applied around the globe, joining a unified global sensor network.

Validation and Intercomparison of Different Updating Procedures for Real-Time Forecasting

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Christian Refsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Error Prediction ◽  
General Function ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Hydrological Simulation

The paper presents a classification and a review of the updating procedures currently used in real-time flood forecasting modelling. On the basis of results from the WMO project ‘Simulated Real-Time Intercomparion of Hydrological Models’, comprising more than 10 commonly used hydrological models and a variety of different updating procedures, an analysis of the relative importance of updating procedures and hydrological simulation models is provided. In particular, an intercomparison is made beteween two models (NAMS11/MIKE11 and NAMKAL) consisting of the same hydrological model (NAM conceptual rainfall-runoff) but containing different routing modules (linear reservoirs versus hydraulic routing) and different updating procedures (error prediction versus state variable updating based on an extended Kalman filter). A main conclusion is that updating procedures significantly improve the performances of hydrological models for short-range forecasting. Furthermore, there are no clear conclusions regarding which type of updating procedure performs the better. However. intercomparison of the NAMS11 and NAMKAL models indicates that the extended Kalman filter is marginally better than an error prediction model in cases where the basic hydrological model simulation is good. Finally, it is concluded that the basic simulation is very essential for accurate forecasts, and that the better the basic simulations are the better the updating routines in general function. This puts emphasis on the importance of thoroughly calibrating and validating the hydrological simulation models before applying them together with updating routines in operational real-time forecasting.

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