scholarly journals The Influence of the Family on the Development of Psychosomatic Disorders in Preschool Children With Mental Retardation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Mugal
PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-660
Author(s):  
Bernard E. Cohen ◽  
Arieh Szeinberg ◽  
Wifred Berman ◽  
Yermiahu Aviad ◽  
Moshe Crispin ◽  
...  

A highly inbred family with five mentally retarded persons is described. Two sibs presented typical characteristics of phenylketonuria, while one mentally retarded sib did not show any biochemical abnormality. The mother and maternal uncle had mild hyperphenylalaninemia. It is pointed out in the discussion that, while the mental retardation (at least in some of these subjects) may be independent of disturbances of phenylalanine metabolism, it is possible also to explain all the findings in the family on a unified basis, involving a variant hyperphenylalaninemia with tolerance increasing with age and "maternal phenylketonuia."


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
N. A. Ukhina ◽  

The article deals with the organization of the process of formation of life competencies in pre-schoolers with mental retardation in a preschool educational institution. The directions of correctional work in the conditions of interaction of kindergarten, parents, institutions of additional education are presented. The features of the development of life competencies in preschoolers with mental retardation are determined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Olga Shapko

The article discusses the experience of using models in remedial work with children with mental retardation of preschool age in kindergarten conditions. Examples of outlines of lessons with this category of preschool children 6-7 years old are offered. The reactions of children to the introduction of models are illustrated. The aim of the article is to show that models are an effective technique for children with mental retardation to perceive cognitive material, because they stimulate children to independent voluntary purposeful activity. This is facilitated by the model algorithm, which includes generalized images that are familiar to children and do not cause them difficulties. We have taken into account that for children with mental retardation the operation "comparison" is one of the difficult ones, but through it the relations between objects and phenomena of the external world are learned. Comparison therefore plays an important role in cognition Comparison helps to generalise and systematise knowledge. The process of comparison is a necessary condition for generalisation. The model can help children with mental retardation to find similarities between objects, which for them is rather more difficult than finding differences.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
M. Sabirova

This article examines the role of the family and its features in the process of socialization, also the main forms and functions (informative, mentor function, initiating and orienting function) of the family. Effective mechanisms of family social education of a child were described including the psychological climate of the family and its factors: national traditions, moral values, educational level, etc. Features of children's folklore in education. Methods of accustoming and the totality of the views of the people. The main components of the rural ethnocultural space.


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-321
Author(s):  
U.K. Kyyakbayeva ◽  
◽  
A.I. Bulshekbayeva ◽  
R.E. Karimova ◽  
◽  
...  

Changes in the political, social and economic spheres of modern Kazakhstan society dictate the need to increase attention to the socialization of preschool children in the family and preschool organizations. The integrity of the pedagogical process is understood as the integrity of the processes of socialization and individualization of the preschool child, preservation of the child's nature and its development in culture, enrichment of individual cultural experience in the process of inclusion in the socio-cultural experience, unity of development and education. The modern pedagogical process is designed as a system of conditions that allow each child to realize individual needs and at the same time interact with the children's community. The organization of children's activities initiates the creation of children's associations in which each child performs a favorite function and simultaneously cooperates with other children. In such an educational space, the processes of socialization and individualization leading to preschool age harmoniously complement each other.


Author(s):  
Е.Е. Дмитриева ◽  
Ю.П. Давыдова

В статье рассматривается актуальная проблема специальной психологии — коммуникативная дезадаптация. Представлены результаты теоретико-экспери­ментального изучения предпосылок коммуникативной дезадаптации старших дошкольников с задержкой психического развития и общим недоразвитием речи в условиях образовательной интеграции. Обоснованы теоретические подходы к изучению проблемы коммуникативно-личностного развития детей с разными вариантами нарушенного развития. Авторами выявлен дисбаланс в развитии мотивационных и операциональных компонентов общения у дошкольников, выделены дети группы риска, раскрыты механизмы возникновения коммуникативной дезадаптации у дошкольников с задержкой психического развития и общим недоразвитием речи, с учетом чего дифференцированы задачи коррекционного воздействия с целью коммуникативно-личностного развития этих детей и профилактики возникновения у них коммуникативных трудностей. Методологию исследования составляет коммуникативный подход к диагностике и коррекции коммуникативно-личностного развития старших дошкольников в условиях дизонтогенеза. Коммуникативный дизонтогенез рассматривается в контексте понятия «коммуникативная дезадаптация», а в качестве механизма возникновения коммуникативной дезадаптации у старших дошкольников с задержкой психического развития и общим недоразвитием речи — рассогласование в развитии мотивационной и операциональной сфер их общения. The article focuses on communicative disadaptation, as a relevant issue of special psychology. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental investigation of the precursors of communicative disadaptation in preschool children with mental retardation and speech delay in the conditions of educational integration. The article substantiates theoretical approaches to the investigation of communication development of children with health impairments. The authors analyze the unbalanced development of motivational and operational components of communication in preschool children, describe risk groups, discuss the mechanisms of communicative disadaptation syndrome development in children with mental retardation and speech delay, which enables the authors to single out correctional strategies aimed at children’s communicative and personal development and communication problems prevention. The research is performed within the framework of a communicative approach, it focuses on the assessment and correction of senior preschool children’s communicative and personal development associated with disonthogenesis. Communicative disonthogenesis is treated through the prism of communicative disadaptation, whose mechanism is associated with mental retardation and speech delay in senior preschool children.


2020 ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
G. Yu. Taskina ◽  
I. A. Taskina

An urgent issue of modern education – the issue of psychological and pedagogical support for the family with a child with health disabilities has been considered. It has been specified, that particularly specially organized work can help parents and members of family with a child with health disabilities to cope with the difficulties of raising child and carry out his socialization. In particular, the results of a study of the personality of the parents of a child of primary school age with a mental retardation, their chosen style of child upbringing, the nature of interaction with the child have been presented. In addition, the effectiveness of the compiled and tested program of psychological and pedagogical support for the family with a child with a mental retardation, changes in the behavior of parents and children before and after testing the program have been analysed.


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