scholarly journals Analysis of the New Demand-Responsive Transport in Goiânia, Goiás

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (74) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Rodrigues Guimarães ◽  
Antonio Pasqualetto
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Motorized Transport

The demand-responsive public transport Citybus 2.0 was an innovation not only for Goiânia, but for all of Latin America. Created in 2019, this new way of getting around the city is intended to be a substitute for individual motorized transport, encouraging sustainable urban mobility. In order to analyze this new means of transport in the capital of Goiás, an online questionnaire was applied, which had 217 responses, of which 130 are users and 87 are non-users. The questionnaire had ten questions, two of which were general and eight with the purpose of collecting information on user satisfaction regarding the service provided by the new mode of transport. As for the perception of satisfaction, the items related to the cost and service range had the worst ratings.

scholarly journals Understanding Public Transport Ridership in Developing Countries to Promote Sustainable Urban Mobility: A Case Study of Mexicali, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Sánchez-Atondo ◽  
Leonel García ◽  
Julio Calderón-Ramírez ◽  
José Manuel Gutiérrez-Moreno ◽  
Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Global South ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Mobility Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
Macro Variables ◽  
The City

Some small- and medium-sized Global South cities have unsustainable transport systems and no information to plan interventions in addition to having limited resources for data collection. This study proposes a method to understand Public Transport (PT) ridership in cities of these characteristics, based on previous studies and by analysing available indicators related to Manheim’s macro-variables, to identify their influence on the PT ridership. The method was applied in the city of Mexicali, Mexico. The results help to understand the causes of the low PT ridership and have implications for achieving sustainable urban mobility in the city. Findings reveal that mobility planning in Mexicali has been occurring without properly considering activity system related variables, so it is necessary to integrate urban and transport administration. Moreover, to increase PT demand in Mexicali, mobility strategies to discourage the use of private cars are necessary. The proposed method can be applied in other cities of the Global South with characteristics similar to the case study to understand the causes of PT ridership, so these can be considered by the agencies responsible for the planning of the city’s transportation system to promote a sustainable urban mobility.

Methodology for assessing the cost effectiveness of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs). The case of the city of Burgos

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Diez ◽  
Maria Eugenia Lopez-Lambas ◽  
Hernán Gonzalo ◽  
Marta Rojo ◽  
Andres Garcia-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

scholarly journals A MODEL OF MANAGING THE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING PROCESS / MODEL UPRAVLJANJA PROCESOM PLANIRANJA URBANE MOBILNOSTI

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mehanović ◽  
Nermin Palić
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The subject of research in this paper is the planning of urban mobility development in the narrow part of Sarajevo using a model based on the growth matrix. The hypothesis of this research is: Based on the analysis of supply and demand of the city traffic system, good practices in sustainable urban mobility and existing strategies and development plans, a model for managing the whole planning process of sustainable urban mobility of the city traffic system in Sarajevo by 2026 can be proposed.In accordance with the experience of Europe’s main urban mobility observatory (Eltis) and sustainable urban mobility plans (SUMPs), the key elements are defined. The next step, after defining the elements of urban mobility, is to carry out the quantification of elements for 2016. Thereafter, there is a concise explanation of the growth matrix and model of managing the urban mobility planning process is created. In the research results, direct and indirect growth rates were elaborated and analyzed, i.e. the individual and synergic effects of the model. Finally, the synthesis of the research results was presented.

scholarly journals Behavioural changes in urban mobility in Barcelona due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Peters
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
The City

This study assesses changes in mobility behaviour in the City of Barcelona due the COVID‐19pandemic and its impact on air pollution and GHG emissions. Urban transport is an important sourceof global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Improving urban mobility patterns is therefore crucial formitigating climate change. This study combines quantitative survey data and official governmentdata with in‐depth interviews with public administration officials of the City. Data illustrates thatBarcelona has experienced an unprecedented reduction in mobility during the lockdown (a 90%drop) and mobility remained at comparatively low levels throughout the year 2020. Most remarkableis the decrease in the use of public transport in 2020 compared to pre‐pandemic levels, whereas roadtraffic has decreased to a lesser extent and cycling surged at times to levels up to 60% higher thanpre‐pandemic levels. These changes in mobility have led to a radical and historic reduction in airpollution, with NO2 and PM10 concentration complying with WHO guidelines in 2020. Reductions inGHG emissions for Barcelona’s transport sector are estimated at almost 250.000 t CO2eq in 2020 (7%of the City’s overall annual emissions). The study derives policy implications aimed at achieving along‐term shift towards climate‐friendlier, low‐emission transport in Barcelona, namely how torecover lost demand in public transport and seize the opportunity that the crisis brings for reform byfurther reducing road traffic and establishing a 'cycling culture' in Barcelona, as already achieved inother European cities.

scholarly journals Intra-Urban Spatial Disparities in User Satisfaction with Public Transport Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Cordera ◽  
Soledad Nogués ◽  
Esther González-González ◽  
Luigi dell’Olio
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Ordered Probit Models ◽  
Improve Service Quality ◽  
The City ◽  
Modelling Process

Knowing public transport service’s user satisfaction is essential to maintaining and increasing its quality and demand. Several studies have analysed the factors influencing users’ satisfaction, considering their perceptions of specific attributes of the service. However, other aspects, such as the spatial distribution of users, i.e., their origin neighbourhoods, could significantly affect their satisfaction with the service, showing social inequity patterns. This paper proposes a new methodology to evaluate whether these spatial differences in satisfaction exist. Using the city of Santander (Spain) as an example, ordered probit models have been estimated, linking the bus users’ overall satisfaction with variables that include their perceptions of the service and socio-demographic characteristics, and with dummy variables which classify each trip according to its neighbourhood origin. Our results confirm the existence of variations in satisfaction depending on the area of the city under study. In addition, user characterization variables, such as age, which were not significant when considering the city as a whole, proved to be influential in some areas. The estimated model, considering spatial differences, had a higher goodness of fit than that of models not taking zoning into account, and reproduced the overall satisfaction pattern presented in the study area with less error. The consideration of spatial differences in the modelling process enabled the detection of priority areas in which to implement measures to improve service quality and equity, thus increasing the use of public transport and supporting the promotion of a more sustainable mobility.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Mobility: Empirical Evidence from the City of Santander (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Aloi ◽  
Borja Alonso ◽  
Juan Benavente ◽  
Rubén Cordera ◽  
Eneko Echániz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Northern City

This article analyses the impact that the confinement measures or quarantine imposed in Spain on 15 March 2020 had on urban mobility in the northern city of Santander. Data have been collected from traffic counters, public transport ITS, and recordings from traffic control cameras and environmental sensors to make comparisons between journey flows and times before and during the confinement. This data has been used to re-estimate Origin-Destination trip matrices to obtain an initial diagnostic of how daily mobility has been reduced and how the modal distribution and journey purposes have changed. The impact on externalities such as NO2 emissions and traffic accidents have also been quantified. The analysis revealed an overall mobility fall of 76%, being less important in the case of the private car. Public transport users dropped by up to 93%, NO2 emissions were reduced by up to 60%, and traffic accidents were reduced by up to 67% in relative terms.

Environmental and social follow-up costs of traffic in cities: A case study of the city of Augsburg differentiated by means of transport

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Oebel ◽  
Dr. Tobias Gaugler
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> External costs, mobility, environmental costs, social costs, monetarization</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study provides a methodology to evaluate the environmental and social costs, which arise from traffic in the German city of Augsburg. Social costs are driven by air pollutants such as nitric oxides or particulate matter, causing health damages. Environmental follow-up costs are driven by the emission of greenhouse gases. Furthermore, approaches for a successful transformation towards a car-free city are shown.</p> <p><strong>Method: </strong>Based on traffic data from the Augsburg Civil Engineering Office, as well as traffic shares from the German Federal Motor Transport Authority, the average emission factors of vehicles on Augsburg´s streets and, subsequently, the total traffic emissions on municipal roads in the city are quantified. The environmental as well as the social consequences are monetarized using the cost rates by Matthey and Bünger (2019) and van Essen et al. (2019). Social costs are additionally assessed using to the DALY approach. Therefore the DALYs lost due to air pollutants are determined and costs per DALY are calculated using the willingness to pay-approach by Cropper and Khanna (2014) and Spengler (2004) additionally to a method by Daroudi et al. (2019) assessing health care expenditures.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Applying this framework to the case study of Augsburg, results show, that environmental costs of 140.6 Million € arise from traffic in the city per year. These costs are entirely attributable to car traffic (77.7%), truck traffic (19.8%) and motorcycle traffic (1.9%), as public transport in Augsburg is climate neutral. Further, traffic on municipal roads in Augsburg causes a loss of 212.3 DALYs per year, which equals to annual social costs of 27.2 Million €. Cars account for 63.2% of those, trucks for 33.8%, motorcycles for 2.3% and buses for 0.2%, respectively. With a proportion of passenger kilometers of 90.4% from cars, 6.1% from motorcycles and 3.6% from buses, it is evident that cars contribute disproportionately to the environmental and social costs of Augsburg's traffic.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The social and economic follow-up costs of transport in the city of Augsburg are currently not borne by the polluter. Their great amount encourages measures, such as reinforcing the use of bicycles or public transport, eventually facilitating a change towards sustainable traffic in Augsburg.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Cropper, Maureen; Khanna, Shefali (2014): How Should the World Bank Estimate Air Pollution Damages? In Resources for the Future Discussion Paper, pp. 14–30.</p> <p>Daroudi, Rajabali; Faramarzi, Ahmad; Akbari Sari, Ali; Nahvijou, Azin (2019): Cost Per Daly Averted in Low, Middle and High Income Countries: Evidence from Global Burden of Disease Study to Estimate the Cost Effectiveness Thresholds. In SSRN Journal.</p> <p>Matthey, Astrid; Bünger, Björn (2019): Methodenkonvention 3.0 zur Ermittlung von Umweltkosten – Kostensätze. Edited by Umweltbundesamt. Available online at https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/1410/publikationen/2019-02-11_methodenkonvention-3-0_kostensaetze_korr.pdf, checked on 10/29/2020.</p> <p>Spengler, Hannes (2004): Kompensatorische Lohndifferenziale und der Wert eines statistischen Lebens in Deutschland. In Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung-Journal for Labour Market Research 37 (3), pp. 269–305.</p> <p>van Essen, Huib; van Wijngaarden, Lisanne, Schroten, Arno; Sutter, Daniel; Bieler, Cuno; Maffii, Silvia; Brambilla, Marco et al. (2019): Handbook on the external costs of transport. Edited by CE Delft. Available online at https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/studies/internalisation-handbook-isbn-978-92-79-96917-1.pdf, checked on 10/29/2020.</p>

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