scholarly journals JALAN DAMAI MENUJU KEAMANAN REGIONAL: PENDEKATAN ASEAN DALAM UPAYA PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK LAUT CHINA SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wildan Pratama Indra Kusumah ◽  
Nana Supriatna ◽  
Yani Kusmarni
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
The South ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Regional Organization ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Depth Study

The research aimed to have an in-depth study about the development of South China Sea issue that involved countries such as China, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia Brunei Darussalam and the ASEAN’s role as a Regional Organization in that conflict. In general, this study wants to answer the question about “how is ASEAN’s approaches in order to reconcile South China Sea Conflict peacefully?”. To examine the problem, researcher conducted a study by using historical method that includes four research steps namely collecting of written source through literature study (heuristics), source criticism, interpretation or source analysis and historiography. Researcher also using concepts to simplify the analysis, of which are a regional organization concept, a concept of interest, an international dispute concept, a conflict concept, diplomatic concept, and the law of the sea concept. A rationalisation for this South China Sea study, because the issue remains dynamic and it is difficult to find a solution. Many perspectives regarding claims that were made by countries around the South China Sea and the potentials aspects that embedded could disrupt peace and stability in the region’s security. These issues become challenging for ASEAN. The resulting study found that: there are numbers of a mechanism such as an informal, semi-formal and formal mechanism. However, those mechanisms have not been able to resolve the conflict. Several efforts have been made to prevent military conflicts. In its development, the South China conflict has shown a more positive progress.

scholarly journals JALAN DAMAI MENUJU KEAMANAN REGIONAL: PENDEKATAN ASEAN DALAM UPAYA PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK LAUT CHINA SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
R. Wildan Pratama Indra Kusumah
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
The South ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Regional Organization ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Depth Study

The research aimed to have an in-depth study about the development of South China Sea issue that involved countries such as China, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia Brunei Darussalam and the ASEAN’s role as a Regional Organization in that conflict. In general, this study wants to answer the question about “how is ASEAN’s approaches in order to reconcile South China Sea Conflict peacefully?”. To examine the problem, researcher conducted a study by using historical method that includes four research steps namely collecting of written source through literature study (heuristics), source criticism, interpretation or source analysis and historiography. Researcher also using concepts to simplify the analysis, of which are a regional organization concept, a concept of interest, an international dispute concept, a conflict concept, diplomatic concept, and the law of the sea concept. A rationalisation for this South China Sea study, because the issue remains dynamic and it is difficult to find a solution. Many perspectives regarding claims that were made by countries around the South China Sea and the potentials aspects that embedded could disrupt peace and stability in the region’s security. These issues become challenging for ASEAN. The resulting study found that: there are numbers of a mechanism such as an informal, semi-formal and formal mechanism. However, those mechanisms have not been able to resolve the conflict. Several efforts have been made to prevent military conflicts. In its development, the South China conflict has shown a more positive progress.

scholarly journals ANALISA RESPON INDONESIA TERHADAP MILITERISASI TIONGKOK DI LAUT CHINA SELATAN MASA PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN JOKO WIDODO 2014-2019

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
The South ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Security Dilemma ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Government

This study discusses how China is trying to assert ownership claims over some areas in the South China Sea by militarizing some areas in the South China Sea. This paper will explain how the threats from the militarization of the South China Sea carried out against the maritime security of Indonesia and how the Government of Indonesia responds to these activities. This study uses a literature study method using the concept of Conventional Detterence and Security Dilemma. This research has found that there is an impact caused by militarization conducted by China in the form of many Chinese ships entering Indonesia illegally and conducting confrontational maneuvers. The Indonesian government responded to this impact by building a military base and supporting facilities aimed only at defending the region without any maneuvering that could trigger an escalation of conflict between the two countries. Keyword: China, South China Sea, militarization, Indonesia, Natuna

The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Maritime Disputes in the South China Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Beckman
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
The Law

The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establishes a legal framework to govern all uses of the oceans. All of the states bordering the South China Sea—Brunei Darussalam, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam—are parties to UNCLOS. Taiwan, which also borders the South China Sea, has taken steps to bring its legislation into conformity with UNCLOS.

scholarly journals Interpretasi Perjanjian Internasional Terkait Historical Rights Dalam UNCLOS 1982

Jurnal Selat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Ninne Zahara Silviani
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The South ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Asean Country

People’s Republic of China with 9-dash-lines designed in 1947, claimed almost 90% of the South China Sea’s Area. Generally known the line not only overlapping in one Asean Country but five other countries which, The Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and Brunei Darussalam. The Philippines took its fight over its territory to the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Den Haag in 2013. In 12th July 2016, Permanent Court of Arbitration Award declared that China has no legal basis for claiming territorial waters in the South China Sea. Yet, the PRC does not accepted the Award. PRC denied the decision due to the PRC’s interpretation to UNCLOS 1982 regulation and declared their sovereignty across the archipelagic islands in South China Sea by historical reasons. A Similar disputes was happen between Mauritius v. United Kingdom in 2010-2015 due to the Maritime Protected Area in Chagos Islands on Indian Ocean whose claimed by Mauritius because of historical reasons. This article will examine how VCLT 1969 reacted to the violation of UNCLOS 1982 which known as a package deal in accordance to regulate the sovereignty of water territory. This article is a normative legal research with secondary data, which obtained from library study descriptively.

scholarly journals Review of International Law (Lex Specialis) on the Problems of the South China Sea (SSS) Boundary Conflict and the View of Indonesia's Diplomacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-174
Author(s):  
Yohanes Firmansyah ◽  
Yana Sylvana ◽  
Hanna Wijaya ◽  
Michelle Angelika S
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
International Law ◽  
South China ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Boundary Conflict

The South China Sea (SCS) is a geographical area that is rich in natural resources such as crude oil and is a very strategic area of ​​the economy. The SCS is surrounded by several littoral states which cause conflicts between coastal countries over the right to power over South China. There are at least 9 countries conflicting with each other in the SCS, such as the People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei Darussalam, Burma and Indonesia. The problem became even more serious when the Declaration of Decision of the International Court of Justice or the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) as the highest international institution was opposed by China because it was considered detrimental and weakening China's power. This research aims to specifically discuss the geographical position of the SCS and international law (especially UNCLOS), diplomacy issues in the maritime sector, how to regulate sea areas according to international law and disputes that occur in the SCS and the role of Indonesian diplomacy in responding to the decision of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)  

scholarly journals Indonesia’s Response in the South China Sea Disputes: A comparative analysis of the Soeharto and the post-Soeharto era

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derry Aplianta
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Honest Broker ◽  
Historical Factors

Before it developed into a dispute among China and Southeast Asian nations, the South China Sea has been disputed long before it became what it is today. The post-World War II era brought a fresh start to a new chapter of dispute, as China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam laid their claims one by one. This study contends that under Suharto’s iron fist rule, Indonesia’s interest to the South China Sea dispute grew from maintaining Indonesia’s territorial integrity to maintaining domestic stability. The former took shape after being threatened by China’s map which claimed a part of the former’s territorial waters, while the later grew in through establishing deeper trade cooperation with China. Despite the half-hearted normalization with China, Indonesia managed to establish a track-two forum for parties involved in the South China Sea dispute, which is later proven to be instrumental. Under President Yudhoyono, Indonesia gradually played its initial role from a passive into an active honest broker, which brought improvements to the process. This research attempts to show that constraint to Indonesia’s role in the South China Sea dispute originates from both the ideological and historical factors. Indonesia’s long-running ideological constraints set its priorities to its interest to the dispute, while its foreign policy doctrine serves as a pragmatic means to achieve its goals of interests. Indonesia’s past relationship with China also played a part in influencing Indonesia’s response which later evolved as the relations went through ups and downs. Moreover, the unclear integration process of ASEAN sets the task of the honest broker became a one-country-show for Indonesia.

ANALYSIS OF DEFENSE STRATEGY POLICIES IN DEALING WITH THE POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA CONFLICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Angkasa Dipua ◽  
Lukman Yudho Prakoso ◽  
Dikry Rizanny Nurdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Defense Strategy ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>Several countries have implemented the diplomacy model using second-track diplomacy in solving various problems. With the dynamics of global, regional, and national strategic environmental conditions, the second track diplomacy model is a step that is considered to be effective and efficient in finding solutions to every problem between countries. The Indonesian Navy, which, according to Kent Booth, has one of its functions in carrying out diplomacy, has carried out several diplomatic steps. As an archipelago that has land and sea borders with ten neighboring countries, prioritizing this second track diplomacy model is necessary. The purpose of this study is to find a marine defense strategy in dealing with the potential impacts of the conflict that occurred in the South China Sea. Considering the vast territory of Indonesia's territorial sea, a method of sea defense strategies can apply this diplomacy model. This study uses a literature study by gathering various information from various sources, then the theory used in conducting discussions and analysis with the theory of Barry Buzan. This study concludes an input and recommendations for policymakers to prioritize second-track diplomacy in solving various existing problems, especially in Indonesia's sea border region with neighboring countries.</p>

scholarly journals BANDWAGONING BRUNEI DARUSSALAM TERHADAP REPUBLIK RAKYAT CINA PADA TAHUN 2018 DALAM KONFLIK LAUT CINA SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yehuda Purwantoro
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Power Capacity ◽  
The South ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Capacity Measure

Abstract The South China Sea dispute involves People’s Republic of China (PRC) against Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, and Brunei Darussalam. The South China Sea Dispute was caused by claimant state and nine dashed line which made by PRC. Instead of resist, Brunei Darussalam in South China Sea Conflict took considerable different gesture other than the rest belligerent parties like Vietnam, Malaysia, Philipines, and Indonesia. Brunei did not show any resistance to PRC regarding territorial claimants and instead cooperates with Asian giants controversial move. Brunei Darussalam took a stand by bandwagoning against the PRC. Brunei’s behaviour was identified by Balance of Threat theory by Stephen Walt. As a result, there is a very unbalanced capability and power capacity measure between the combined power capacity of Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia with PRC. It made worse by the Brunei’s economic crisis. Keywords: south china sea; brunei darussalam; people republic of china; bandwagoning. Abstrak Konflik Laut Cina Selatan melibatkan Republik Rakyat Cina (RRC) dengan Vietnam, Malaysia, Filipina, Indonesia, dan termasuk Brunei Darussalam. Konflik Laut Cina Selatan disebabkan oleh claimant state dan pembuatan sembilan garis putus-putus (nine dashed line) secara sepihak oleh RRC. Dalam menyikapi agresifitas RRC yang mengklaim wilayahnya di Laut Cina Selatan, Brunei Darussalam mengambil sikap yang berbeda dibanding yang dilakukan oleh Vietnam, Malaysia, Filipina, dan Indonesia. Brunei Darussalam mengambil sikap dengan tidak menentang klaim RRC  dan melakukan bandwagoning terhadap RRC. Sikap bandwagoning yang dilakukan Brunei Darussalam disebabkan oleh tiga kondisi negara dan empat faktor ancaman dalam teori Balance of Threat Stephen Walt, dimana ukuran kapabilitas dan kapasitas kekuatan yang sangat tidak berimbang antara Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Malaysia, Filipina, dan Indonesia dengan RRC , bahkan jika kekuatan lima negara tersebut digabungkan. Kondisi tersebut ditambah dengan krisis ekonomi yang dialami Brunei Darussalam sehingga bandwagoning dianggap sebagai pilihan yang rasional. Kata Kunci: laut cina selatan; brunei darussalam; republik rakyat cina; bandwagoning.

scholarly journals Indonesia's Efforts in Resolving South China Sea Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wines Aprilla
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Stability

This research tries to explain Indonesia’s effort in the South China Sea conflict resolution process. The South China Sea conflict can lead to regional instability. Indonesia can’t directly resolve the conflict because Indonesia is not a claimaint state. But, Indonesia can encourage claimant states to resolve their conflicts peacefully. As the largest country in ASEAN, Indonesia has an obligation to maintain the stability of the region. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection technique through interview and literature study. The results concluded that Indonesia's efforts in establishing the situation through confidence buiding measures and cooperation has been able to dampen the source of conflict and keep the region stable. Indonesia has managed conflict even though it is still very far from the possibility of conflict resolution.

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